First, witchcraft (primitive Taoism) As we all know, Taoism in the Han Dynasty began with the worship of witches, and Zhang Ling in the Eastern Han Dynasty developed from the folk witchcraft method of "enchanting witches" and founded the "five-door enchantment", which was the beginning of Taoism. Taoism appeared in the form of witchcraft before it was formally established. Taoism is based on folk beliefs and advocates polytheism, so it is extremely inclusive, and it can incorporate the original worship objects in various periods into the deity system and form a huge system. The gods worshipped by Taoism are not limited to the "Sanqing", "Three Heavenly Kings" and "Five Old Kings", but also include the Jade Emperor, the God of Shanggong Emperor, the land of Wei Zi's northern pole, Houtu and Dou, Sanguan, Zhenwu, Wenchang emperors, Founder, Taiyi, Dongyue, Shouxing, real people and immortals. Witchcraft (Taoism) Taoism was founded in the Eastern Han Dynasty. At that time, there were Zhang Ling's "Five Mi Dou Daoism" (also known as "justice drive" or "Stone Heaven Daoism"), Zhang Jiao's "Taiping Daoism" and the witchcraft Daoism with strong witchcraft essence. 1 year, when Emperor Shun Di of the Eastern Han Dynasty (126-144), Zhang Ling founded Wudoumi Road in Hemingshan, Shu County (now Dayi County, Sichuan Province), also known as Justice League Road. Those who learn Taoism should dedicate five buckets of rice, which is called the Five-bucket Rice Road after consolidation. Zheng Yi respects Laozi as the ancestor, and Laozi as the grand old gentleman, taking Laozi's 5,000 documents as the main classics and Laozi's Notes on Xianger as the masterpiece handed down from generation to generation. The main classics he believes in are Taiping Dongji Jing, Taiqing Jing, Taixuan Jing, Zhengyi Jing and Wudou Jing. And stipulate that believers should recite the Five Classics. 2. When Lingdi established Ning (168- 17 1 year), Taiping Road was created. Zhang Jiao regards Huang Tian as the supreme god, and thinks that Huang God created the world and human beings. He also believed in the Yellow Emperor and Laozi, and believed that the world in the era of the Yellow Emperor was a peaceful world and the most beautiful thing for mankind. In this peaceful world, there is no exploitation, oppression, hunger and cold, fraud and theft, and everyone is free and happy. On this basis, Zhang Jiao put forward the ideal of "peace". This is also the basic doctrine and religious ideal of Taiping Dao. 3. Witchcraft basically keeps the original features of primitive religion and inherits it. It is independent of "Five Mi Dou Knives" and "Taiping Knives" and occupies a place in the Eastern Han Dynasty. For example, Li Jue, a powerful minister in the Eastern Han Dynasty, believed in witchcraft very much. "Ju Zhu" says: (Li) People like ghosts and left skills, Taoist priests and witches often sing songs, drum up gods and sacrifice six parts, and do whatever they want. Outside the provincial gate of the imperial court, Dong Zhuo sat in god's seat, counted the halls of cattle and sheep, and asked him to live after the province, asking for an audience. He has three knives, and his hand and whip are combined to hold one knife. When the assistant and assistant minister saw the battle, they were all frightened. They also took swords and entered the emperor first. ..... The son of heaven, left corps commander, worship (lee) for fu, right three fair. You think you have the power of ghosts and gods, but you are generous to all witches. The mixture of Taoism and witchcraft is a major feature of Taoism. Natural religion is very prosperous in many places in China. When it collided with Taoist thought, it naturally found a meeting point, so it infiltrated and blended with each other. For example, nature worship and totem worship have long been sublimated and summarized in Taoism, and have been idolized and personalized. For example, Sanyuan Palace and Sanguan Temple worship the water of heaven and earth, while Bala Temple worships Ba Shen related to farming, such as Vulcan in Sui Palace, Water God in Longwang Temple, Mawang in Tiansi Palace, Leizu Temple and Fengbo Temple. Taoist magic and witchcraft are also closely related. Taoist prayers, curses, symbols and fasting all directly inherited ancient witchcraft activities. In the process of blending, Taoism was contaminated with strong witchcraft, and natural religion also borrowed Taoist rituals. Edit paragraph 3. Witchcraft (witchcraft school) Witchcraft, among the people, there is a sect that integrates witchcraft, Taoism and Buddhism. Its leader is Taishang Laojun, and its sects are divided into "two schools of Taoism". It focuses on witchcraft and Taoism, absorbs the thoughts of witchcraft, Taoism and Buddhism, and has a profound inheritance of ancient witchcraft. Witches have been in China for a long time. In primitive society, because human beings know little knowledge, they don't understand some situations in this society. They mistake the phenomena of thunder, lightning, rain, volcanic eruption and earthquake in nature for an angry fairy. They are on tenterhooks all day, fearing that if the gods are unhappy, they will come to them like diseases and plagues. Therefore, primitive humans used some things to pay homage, because they thought that these things were the embodiment of God, and God evolved from these things, which resulted in "totem worship". There are some rituals in worship. Through these ceremonies, people expressed their piety to God and their wishes, such as having children, living a long life and hoping for a bumper harvest. And there must be a leader when there is a ceremony. Through this kind of person, various ceremonies are organized to convey everyone's wishes to God. Such people are called "witches". Witch has great power, because she is the intermediary between God and man and can know God's will. For ordinary people, it can be said that it is like the incarnation of God and the spokesman of God on earth. Therefore, witches hold the power of offering sacrifices, healing and inheriting tribal history. During the Jin and Tang Dynasties, due to the participation and arrangement of literati or Taoism and the absorption of a large number of Buddhist scriptures, the primitive religious forms of witchcraft and Taoism presented a theoretical phenomenon, and Taoism had a great distance from witchcraft. Taoism has since risen to the upper ruling class, and witchcraft has been surging among the people. Historically, the ruling class banned "witchcraft" and "obscenity" in an orthodox position, which made the survival of witchcraft very difficult. As a result, witchcraft began to seek survival and a way out. First of all, it is to get close to Taoism and let people agree that they all belong to Taoism. With this development, witchcraft and Taoism gradually combined to become a form of witchcraft, both Taoism and Taoism. First of all, witchcraft should identify the Taoist ancestor Taishang Laojun as its own leader, thus proving that witchcraft also belongs to "Laojun religion" or "Laojun family". So according to the legend of Laozi, I compiled The Origin of the Old Gentleman in Taishang, thinking that witchcraft had become a copy of Taoism. In addition to moving to Taishang Laojun, many Taoist gods such as Zhang Tianshi, Sanqing, Sanyuan, Sanguan, Wuyue, Sidu and Tian Xuan were also moved to the witchcraft world, flaunting them as "Taishang Wulin Laojun" or "Taishang Sanyuan Xinfa Zhengzheng" and "Taishang Leo Weizi Leiting", and absorbed a lot of Taoist scriptures. Part of the content is quoted from "Discussion on the Formation of Witchcraft Culture in the Cultural Circle of * * * *" (Ye)