Nine Chapters Arithmetic is a book called Nine Chapters Arithmetic. It is one of the most important mathematical works in ancient China, Ten Books of Calculation. Its main content existed in the pre-Qin period, and was edited by Zhang Cang and Geng Shouchang in the Western Han Dynasty. It is divided into nine chapters. Biographies include notes of Liu Hui in Wei and Jin Dynasties and Feng Chun in Tang Dynasty, Fine Grass by Jia Xian in Northern Song Dynasty and detailed explanation by Yang Hui in Southern Song Dynasty. It is one of the famous digital works in the ancient world and has been translated into many languages.

Zhou Kuai Su 'an Jing is one of the ten books of Su 'an Jing. Written in the second century BC, it was originally named Zhou Jie, which is the oldest astronomical work in China. It mainly expounded the theory of covering the sky and the method of four seasons calendar at that time. In the early Tang Dynasty, it was stipulated as one of imperial academy's teaching materials, so it was renamed Zhou Kuai. The main achievement of Zhouyi ·suan Jing in mathematics is the introduction of Pythagorean theorem and its application in measurement. The original book did not prove Pythagorean theorem, but the proof was given by Zhao Shuang in Zhou Zhuan Pythagorean Notes.