I don't know how to be a teacher. "Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, but knowing. "The previous one said that several people walked together, so one of them must be my teacher; The latter tells us to seek truth from facts, and so does learning.
The truth is that honesty should come first, knowing means knowing, and not knowing means not knowing. This is true wisdom. Although these two sentences came from Confucius two thousand years ago, they are equally instructive today.
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There is a truth in this sentence: those who are able are teachers. In our daily life, we have to meet many people. Everyone has many advantages, which are worth learning and can be our good teachers.
Yoshitomo Take our class as an example. In this group of 60 people, there are many small "capable people": some are good at drawing, some are good at writing, some are brave on the basketball court, some are heroes on the chessboard, and some are.
Some of them are rich in the agile thinking of mathematicians, and some have the talent of singers ... Learn from them and be close to their strengths, which is called "fostering strengths and avoiding weaknesses". So that I can be in a wide field.
Do you add some knowledge to your seedlings?
If you want to have as profound knowledge as the sea, you must be good at finding mentors and friends from life and absorbing their little strengths. If you are born to worship the talented person as a teacher, then it is easy to "know what you know, don't know what you don't know." First of all, you should let go of your strong vanity and don't pretend to understand for the sake of a temporary desire for glory. The result is just boring and ridiculous.
Friends, let's learn from capable people and don't pretend to know nothing. Only in this way will the door to success always be open to us!
2. Appreciation of the Analects of Confucius 100 Confucius said, "Isn't it a pleasure to learn knowledge and then review it at a certain time?" Ceng Zi said, "I ask myself many times every day: Have I tried my best to serve others? Is it honest to associate with friends? Have you reviewed what the teacher taught you? " Confucius said, "Only by reviewing old knowledge can we have new experiences and discoveries, so we can be teachers." Confucius said, "Reading without thinking is useless, and reading without dreaming is dangerous." Confucius said, "Teach you the attitude of knowing and not knowing! Knowing is knowing, and not knowing is not knowing-this is wisdom. " Confucius said: "When you see a smart person, you should think about him. When you see an unintelligent person, you should reflect on whether you are similar to him." Confucius said: "when several people walk together, there must be a teacher I can learn from." I will choose their advantages to learn and correct their shortcomings. " Ceng Zi said, "Scholars don't. Isn't it far to stick to death? " Confucius said, "Only when it is cold in winter can you know that pines and cypresses lose their leaves after autumn." Zi Gong asked, "Is there a word that can be followed for life?" Confucius said, "That's probably forgiveness! Don't impose what you hate on others.
3. Using the Analects of Confucius and the sentences in The Analects of Confucius to write an article with more than 20,000 words can rank among the most brilliant articles in China's ideological history.
It has influenced scholars and even ordinary people for more than two thousand years, and the character of China people has been taught silently. The feudal dynasty collapsed, the four books and five classics could not give lectures, and Confucianism was treated unfairly. The Analects of Confucius, like other Confucian classics, was dusty on the shelf.
However, the brilliance of The Analects of Confucius will not fade because it is not understood for a while. Confucianism, as the essence of China culture, is bound to revive with the economy, and the splendor of The Analects is bound to be appreciated by more people. Sure enough, Professor Yu Dan made a lecture on The Analects of Confucius as a guest in a lecture room, reminding China people that there are still such classics waiting for us to read.
Cheng Zi, a great scholar in the Song Dynasty, commented on the feeling of The Analects: "When reading The Analects, there are people who have never read anything; Others get a happy sentence or two after reading it; I don't know good until I read; After reading it, there are people who don't know how to dance. " It can be said that it is deeply interesting.
I read through the Analects of Confucius and often "feel something in my heart", which impressed Confucius deeply. After reading The Analects of Confucius, I think it is necessary to ask Confucius off the platform of the sage, imagine him as a disciple of Confucius, stay with the teacher and listen to his words and deeds, which is conducive to fun.
Confucius is a lovely and respectable gentleman, and my brother Yan Hui Zi Lu Zi Gong and so on are angular. A cursory look at Professor Yu Dan's understanding of The Analects of Confucius can be divided into several aspects.
Everyone has his own Analects of Confucius in his heart. I, reading the Analects of Confucius, only saw the word "gentleman". Yes, the Analects of Confucius in my heart is the students' lecture notes, and the recorded content is that teachers teach students how to be a gentleman.
Let's take a look at what the first lesson begins with. Confucius said, "It's better to keep pace with the times, isn't it? Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? Ignorance and dissatisfaction are not gentlemen? " Say three, the first one is a talent who learns from Long, the second one is a person who makes friends with Fu Ren, and the third one is Xiu De. These three people just want to be gentlemen.
Confucius told the story of a gentleman from many angles. An "Analects of Confucius" is to tell his disciples what a gentleman is, what responsibilities a gentleman has, what talents a gentleman has, what virtues a gentleman has, how a gentleman manages a country, how to cultivate one's morality and become a gentleman ... all these are spread from the word gentleman. The Analects of Confucius should be a book for people who want to be a gentleman. Different people may see different things, all related to the gentleman, or just a part of the gentleman, but a leopard cannot change his spots.
What kind of person is a gentleman in Confucius' eyes? Let's go to see The Analects. It is difficult to define a gentleman directly, and the connotation of a gentleman is very wide.
Let's talk about the responsibility of a gentleman first. Confucius himself is a gentleman, and his ambition can best reflect the responsibility of a gentleman.
Yan Hui, Lutz and Confucius all talked about their ideals. The straightforward Luz said that he wanted to share his horses and chariots with his friends, and it was not a pity to wear them out. Yan Hui said, don't boast of your strengths and contributions; What did Confucius say? Confucius said, "Old people are safe, friends believe, and young people are pregnant."
This is obviously a political ideal imposed on the world. A gentleman was born in the world. "If the country has a proper way, it will be an official. If a country has no choice, it can be rolled up. " A gentleman is an official, not for his own interests, but for the world.
It is similar to the saying that "poverty is the only way to protect yourself, and wealth is the way to help the world." A real gentleman is a person who cares about the world. Of course, there are many honest people who save the world from selfishness, but there are still some real gentlemen.
This one can be said to be the most fundamental test of a gentleman, and the rest are not given up. Confucius lamented many times that the world was getting worse and worse and his ideal could not be realized. The helplessness and sadness in his tone is exactly the sorrow of a gentleman.
Knowing a gentleman's responsibility is the most basic. If you want to make a profit for the world, you must have the means.
The means of Confucian gentlemen were prepared by predecessors. The Confucian way of governing the country is to be benevolent and implement benevolent policies.
However, in The Analects of Confucius, Confucius was asked many times how to govern the country, and Confucius gave different answers every time. Confucius stresses benevolence, courtesy, righteousness, filial piety, loyalty and morality, which can be used as a means of governing the country.
When Lutz asked about the politics of defending the country, Confucius said, "Be reasonable, too", basically talking about courtesy; Confucius said, "Governing the country by virtue is like Beichen, living in its place and surrounded by stars." This is obviously about Germany; Ji Kangzi asked Confucius about politics: "There is no way to kill, but there is a way. What? " Confucius said to him, "Why did an official kill his son? Children want to do good things, and people want to do good things.
A gentleman is virtuous, but a villain is virtuous. The wind on the grass will weaken. "
This is about benevolence and virtue; Zi Gong asked about politics. Confucius said, "Eat enough.
Infantry. People believe it. "
Only three specific criteria are mentioned here. Confucius gave different answers to the question that the other disciples who governed specific places asked about politics.
In Confucius' own words, it is probably for the sake of politics. There is nothing that must be done and nothing that cannot be done. As long as it is moral, it is ok.
Therefore, to sum up, The Analects tells us that Confucianism should only focus on a few basic principles, such as benevolence, righteousness and propriety. Knowing the responsibility of a gentleman and his way of governing the country, to be a gentleman, we must improve our self-cultivation.
The Analects of Confucius has talked a lot in this respect, and now junior high school and senior high school textbooks introduce the Analects from these angles. The knowledge imparted by Confucius in The Analects of Confucius is various, and some people say that it is determined. "the three armies can win the handsome, but the ordinary man can't win the ambition"; Some people talk about learning attitude, "knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, knowing is also"; Some people say that learning methods, "learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous"; Someone insisted, "I am always the same."
There are also many sentences that inspire people to learn, such as "Know the pine and cypress when it is cold, and then carve it". Confucius said, "A gentleman does not have enough to eat, but he is restless. If he is sensitive to things, he will be careful about what he says, so he can be said to be eager to learn. " Reading of the analects of confucius, always moved by these words. Confucius hoped that his disciples would learn to reach the standard of governance.
Confucius believes that people who want to implement benevolent policies must be benevolent, and those who govern the country by virtue must be virtuous. Therefore, if a gentleman wants to realize his political ideal, he must first have high moral cultivation and talent. There are various ways, simply put, to learn.
In the eyes of Confucius, a gentleman values virtue over words, opposes force and is eager to learn. What the later Confucianists said about being sincere in learning things, being upright and cultivating one's morality must have come from Confucius.
4. Write a 700-word composition with a famous saying of Confucius or Mencius. "Don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you." This sentence comes from The Analects of Confucius Yan Yuan, which is one of the classic quips of Confucius and the essence of Confucian culture. China's Analects of Confucius, like the Bible in the west, is the summary and guidance of a nation or a region's culture. The Analects of Confucius is divided into twenty articles. Among them, Yan Yuan mainly tells Confucius' explanation of benevolence and forgiveness. "Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you" means: Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you. Confucius emphasized that people should forgive others and advocate the way of "forgiveness", which is the only expression of benevolence. The way of "forgiveness" is a negative expression of benevolence. The act of loving others certainly includes forgiving others. As mentioned in The Analects of Confucius, the only way for a master is loyalty and forgiveness. This sentence reveals the important principles of dealing with interpersonal relationships. Confucius said that people should treat others with their own behavior as a reference. People should be broad-minded, not narrow-minded, generous and forgiving. If they don't want to be treated by others, they shouldn't just be forced. It will also make things deadlocked and out of control. The communication between people should really adhere to this principle, which is the embodiment of respecting others and treating others equally. People should not only pay attention to their own existence, but also to the existence of others. Everyone is equal. Do not do to others what you don't want them to do to you. The above understanding of "people" is broad and refers to the public. However, the time when The Analects of Confucius was born was "people", that is to say, people above the scholar class were relative to "people". "Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you" is preceded by "be a distinguished guest when you go out and make the people like a big sacrifice", which is described in the same sentence. Obviously, the "people" here refers to the exploited class and the working people. In today's language, "people" in a narrow sense refers to slaves. Therefore, this sentence can of course be understood as the interpersonal principle of "don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you" applies to the exploiting class, but the relationship between the exploiting class and the exploited class is not necessarily the case. This understanding is not nonsense, nor is it completely impossible. However, as we all know, Confucius was a man who strongly advocated "benevolence". The "person" here should refer to a broad sense. Confucius is not talking about a universal theorem. If everything starts from this principle, many things will get stuck in the middle and it will be difficult to move forward. If two people confront each other with guns, A is just and B is evil. Wouldn't it be miserable if A abides by the principle of "don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you"? A definitely doesn't want to be killed, so don't you kill B who doesn't want to be killed Any truth, any law, is only applicable under certain conditions and circumstances. "Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you" is the essence of Confucianism and the deep-rooted creed of the Chinese nation. However, in reality, many people can't abide by the creed of "don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you". Everything is centered on personal interests, only taking care of their own feelings, ignoring the feelings of others. Whether dealing with interpersonal relationships or political relationships.
5. Write a short essay with the famous sayings in The Analects. I don't know what kind of words you need. Here, I will talk about the sentence "I can be a teacher when I review my past" for your reference.
People who can look back on the past and learn new things show that they are thoughtful and organized, and they have learned and thought. "Reviewing the past and knowing the new" is not to repeat or repeat what has been learned, but to think about what has been learned and explore and understand new knowledge in thinking, so as to "know the new" with the continuous development and improvement of ideological understanding. Of course, such people will also carry forward their own ideological understanding, whether they are apprentices or not, they can play the role of teachers. As for those who can review the past and learn something new, be teachers and learn from them. Of course, if you can do this, then you can also play the role of a teacher.
6. Write a 400-word composition with a famous saying in Chapter 12 of The Analects. Let me talk about Confucius' self-summary in his later years, that is, "I am determined to learn five out of ten, stand at thirty, be puzzled at forty, know my destiny at fifty, listen at sixty, and follow my heart at seventy."
This sentence should be said by Confucius in his later years. It is a summary of Confucius' life experience, not a requirement for others. Now we often quote and quote this sentence from beginning to end, misinterpreting Confucius' meaning.
Especially at the age of 30, many of us have a wrong understanding of it now. Some people think that at the age of 30, they should achieve their own career. Some people think that at the age of 30, you should be able to stand on your own feet in society; Some people think that you should start your own business at the age of 30; Some people think that at the age of 30, they should leave their parents and make their own living. There are many similar statements, but none of them conform to the original intention of Confucius.
Confucius summed up his life from the age of fifteen, taking every ten years as a time point. Nine times out of ten, I am determined to study, that is to say, I began to study at this time and made learning my main life content.
Confucius died shortly after his father was born. He grew up in a single-parent family. Later, his mother died again. Nine times out of ten, when Confucius was determined to study, he had already established himself in the society. He decided to study after solving the problem of survival.
According to Records of the Historian, Meng, a doctor of the State of Lu, praised Confucius for being young and eager to learn, and told his successor Meng to learn from Confucius. At this time, Confucius was only seventeen years old, and he was able to get such affirmation from the ruling doctor, which showed that he had established himself in society and made considerable achievements.
So the next 30 years old doesn't mean that you will start to stand on the society or make achievements at the age of 30. At the age of 30, I made a clear goal and started my future career with this goal.
Having goals does not mean that career development will be smooth sailing. In the process of development, especially in the early stage of career creation, there will be many unexpected difficulties, and there will also be all kinds of so-called opportunities to tempt him to give up his established goals. It cannot be said that Confucius wavered. But by the age of forty, Confucius had set a goal and would not be shaken by difficulties and temptations, so he was "not confused".
At the age of 50, I have a profound understanding of the history of society and the fate of life, and I have also learned a lot of laws from it. This is called "knowing the destiny". Confucius is actually a very emotional person, and he may be a little extreme when he was young.
As a saint, Confucius knows his weaknesses and has been trying to overcome them. At the age of 60, people have experienced more, the secretion of androgen has also decreased, and their mentality has become peaceful, so they naturally begin to "listen".
Life is seventy years old, there is nothing to see through, so I will do what I want, but I must pay attention to obeying the law, that is, not to exceed the rules. I still have a special understanding of the phrase "do whatever you want, don't overstep the rules", and I will share it with you here.
There used to be a popular word called "chic". At that time, people were as sloppy as possible and thought they were chic. Later, the word gradually faded out of our daily language, and now almost no one mentions it anymore.
Because we are beginning to feel more unhappy now, happiness has become our buzzword now. But what is chic and what is happiness has not been made clear.
I think Confucius inadvertently made the best comment on chic and happiness, that is, doing what he wants from the heart.
7. The sentence in The Analects gives the impression that if you don't change it, it will be too late. The son said Sichuan, and the deceased said that it would be too much not to change. It is true that people are not afraid of not making mistakes, but they are afraid that they will not admit their mistakes and that they should not be wrong. This is a mistake, and it is all wet. The wisdom of the ancients is really exquisite and can be called the best. Don't give up day and night This tells us once again that time is like a raging river and waits for no one. But when you are still wasting your time, it has gone away and you are no longer kind to each other, so let's cherish the present, whether we are studying or working! Moreover, Confucius said that it is far from resentment to bow down and blame others lightly. This is to teach us not to blame others easily, but to be modest and virtuous, which can really avoid a lot of resentment. From these three examples, we can see that Confucius is worthy of being a generation of saints, and his judgment on people and things really has his own uniqueness. So we should study and use the wisdom of the ancients.