Topology is a branch of mathematics that studies the nature and structure of space. The development history of topology can be traced back to18th century, and mathematicians began to study the geometric properties of surfaces. /kloc-in the 0/9th century, topology gradually developed into an independent discipline, and received extensive attention and application.

At the beginning of the 20th century, topology made great progress. Poincare put forward the famous Poincare conjecture, which has not been completely solved so far. In addition, Brouwer put forward the "fixed point theorem", which laid the foundation for the later topology research.

In the mid-20th century, topology entered a stage of rapid development. Many important topological concepts and methods have been put forward, such as homotopy theory, basic groups and homology theory. These concepts and methods provide powerful tools for the study of topology.

Since the end of the 20th century, topology has continued to make important progress. For example, Chen Shengshen proved the uniqueness theorem of high-dimensional compact Riemannian manifolds, which is an important achievement in the field of topology. In addition, topology is also widely used in physics, chemistry and biology.

In a word, topology, as an ancient and dynamic subject, plays an important role in the process of human understanding of nature. With the continuous development of science and technology, topology will reveal more mysteries about spatial structure and nature.