1. Greek mythology

Greek mythology (Greek: ε λ λ ν ι υ θ ο λ ο γ α) is all myths about ancient Greek gods, heroes, nature and the history of the universe. The spiritual product of primitive clan society, the earliest literary form in Europe. It came into being before the 8th century BC, and formed a basic scale on the basis of long-term oral communication by primitive Greeks. Later, it was recorded in Homer's epic, hesiod's Divine Spectrum and ancient Greek poetry, drama, history and philosophy. Later generations organized it into the present ancient Greek fairy tales, which are divided into two parts: the story of god and the legend of hero.

2. Nordic mythology

Nordic myth is a unique myth system in Scandinavia, and its formation time is later than other major myth systems in the world. The oral spread history of Nordic mythology can be traced back to the 2nd century1-AD, which was first popular in Norway, Denmark and Sweden, and spread to Iceland and other places with a group of immigrants going north around the 7th century. In the Middle Ages, Christianity prevailed throughout Europe. Due to the strong political blow, most of the works recording Nordic myths were regarded as heresies and burned. So far, the Icelandic epic Eda and the Germanic epic Song of Nibelungen have been well preserved.

3. Egyptian mythology

Egyptian mythology is also the religion of ancient Egypt. Refers to the gods and religious systems that ancient Egyptians believed in before Christianity and Islam spread. Ancient Egyptian myths can be traced back to at least 2780-2250 BC. Because the beliefs of ancient Egyptians have gone through a history of almost 3000 years, many great changes have taken place during this period. The biggest difference between Egyptian mythology and Greek or Roman mythology is that most of the gods in Egyptian mythology are the heads of human animals, which is a remarkable feature of Egyptian mythology. The beliefs of ancient Egyptians belong to polytheism, and most of them can be symbolized by animals. The ancient Egyptians believed that people would go to the afterlife after death. They think that the body is the container of the soul, and the soul leaves the body every night and comes back the next morning. They also believe that the soul will be revived after death, and the body must be preserved so that the soul can have its own residence, so they invented anti-corrosion and mummification.

(2) What are the foreign fairy tales?

The shoemaker's dream

Brave Omon

Magical merlin

The story of the king's extinction

Little knight

The devil's boulder

I'm fishing at the Nigro Hotel.

Magician Mogis

Ghost king and treasure

Magic shoes

Lucky violinist

My name is knight.

KING DEER

phoebus apollo

Pandora's box.

Ai fruit

A pair of legendary birds in fly with me-a loving couple.

Greek story

laurel

The origin of the sun, moon and wind

Tanimka night

Create the world

Stolen fire

Star dance

Guang Lai and the monster.

Brave Kenzo

The story about cattle

Moon, banyan tree, little liar

Jinxiang Hua Mu

The legend of Eden

Noah's ark

Swan marriage

Deer's son

The legend of huadu

The story of the fisherman and the devil

Waterbirds and turtles

The story of three apples

The story of the caliph and the lazy man

The story of crow and snake

The story of flying wooden horse

The story of the merchant and the devil

The story of the crow and the fox

Aladdin and the Magic Lamp

The story of buffalo and donkey

The story of a businessman and two swindlers

The story of cat and mouse

The story of the dyer and the barber

Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves

A young man pretending to be a thief

(3) Top Ten Foreign Folk Stories

Zeus, Apollo, Athena, Demeter, Poseidon, Hera, the legendary Danish mermaid, the city of dreams-Bangkok, the eternal city-Rome.

(4) What are the foreign fairy tales?

There are four mythological systems in the foreign world.

As a special ideology, myth is the product of a certain historical stage, with the characteristics of collectivity, concreteness and fantasy. The core of myth is belief, that is, believing that everything in myth is true. In the age of myth, myth has strong authority and functionality. For people of that era, myth is not only an online encyclopedia of knowledge, but also a code of conduct in real life. Some people say that myth is the Bible of primitive society.

Myth, as far as its explicit form is concerned, is the earliest comprehensive cultural creation of mankind in primitive times; As far as its explicit form is concerned, it is the ideology of primitive human beings; As far as its function is concerned, it is a way for primitive human beings to understand and grasp the world and a code of conduct to maintain interpersonal relationships. It is the earliest cultural complex created by human beings. For us modern people, myth is a symbol system, that is, its explicit form is inconsistent with the meaning behind it, and its "meaning is greater than form", so there is a problem of "decoding" myth, which is obviously different from history. But there are historical factors in myth, because myth is a reflection of its times.

Because myth is the oldest cultural creation, all primitive peoples have created their own myths. To sum up, myths generally go through three stages from generation to maturity. That is, from biological myth to fairy myth, to highly personalized hero myth. Of course, due to the different living conditions and historical development of different countries and nationalities, the specific forms of these three stages are also different, but the general framework is roughly the same. Some backward ethnic groups, such as Australian aborigines, whose myths are still in the first stage, provide us with living fossil samples. In the process of historical development, many primitive peoples disappeared, and so did the myths they created. It is generally believed that there are five systematic myths in the world, and they have a complete system:

First, ancient Indian mythology

The formation of Indian mythology is closely related to its own history. Around 3000 BC, civilization appeared in the Indus Valley. Around 2000 BC, a southward Aryan invaded India. After countless wars, their troops entered the Ganges River valley from the Indus River valley and enslaved the local aborigines. So far, the indigenous civilization in the Indus Valley has been destroyed and changed. Ancient Indian myths are mainly preserved in the Vedas, Brahma Purpura, Vishnu Purpura, Shiva Purpura, Dapeng Purpura, Ramayana and Mahabharata.

Although China myth has its own characteristics, such as premature historization and moralization, the general trend is still the same. The myth in Shan Hai Jing can represent the first stage. In the generation of the Yellow Emperor, if its historical and moral factors are excluded, it should be a heroic myth. The Yellow Emperor is the highest god, the god of thunder and lightning, the ancestor of heroes and cultural heroes. This complex includes a long process from the emergence of patriarchal commune, through the struggle between tribes, to the gradual formation of the Chinese nation, which embodies the people's creation and belief in the Yellow Emperor.

5] What are the European folk stories?

European folk stories include: mice and elephants, kites, farmers and snakes, turtles and rabbits, and so on.

1. The story of "Little Mouse and Elephant" mainly tells that the elephant was caught in the hunter's net. On the verge of life and death, the mouse bit through the net and saved the elephant. The elephant and the mouse became good friends. One day, the mouse was caught by a lion. It was the elephant that saved the mouse. The mouse is grateful that the elephant saved his life. Another day, the mouse and the elephant fell out, and no one paid attention to each other. Finally, the elephant was taken away by the hunter and the mouse was eaten by the lion.

The race between the tortoise and the hare is an intriguing fable, which depicts a proud rabbit and a persistent little turtle. This story tells everyone: don't underestimate others easily. Modesty makes people progress, while pride makes people lag behind. Only by doing things in a down-to-earth manner and not giving up halfway can we succeed. In addition, don't be proud that you are better than others, and don't use your own strengths to make up for others' shortcomings, but learn from each other's strengths.

[6] What are the foreign folk stories?

It is commendable to be brave and save lives, but innocence is not easy. Next we will tell the story of an innocent man.

In ancient Japan, there was a man named Kumamoto, a subordinate of Hosokawa Morihiro, whose position was very low. He is short, plain, sallow and a little uncomfortable. It is said that he is young, but his face has deep wrinkles, messy hair and fluffy beard. Although he is ugly and comes from a poor family, he is simple and honest, believes in Buddhism and is liked by his friends and neighbors.

One day, sitting at the door in the sun, he saw a second-hand goods collector passing by with a pair of baskets on his shoulders, shouting as he walked: "There are old clothes and shoes, and second-hand goods and antiques sell well!" " Seeing a carved Buddha statue in his laundry basket, Kumamoto stopped him and said, "Hey, you are not afraid of sin as a second-hand collector. How can even bodhisattvas be bought and sold? " Seeing that this second-hand collector is a businessman, he dared not be too presumptuous, so he had to smile apologetically and say, "Brothers don't know anything. We will accept anything from people who eat our bowl of rice. Since people are willing to sell bodhisattvas, I will accept them. " Kumamoto respectfully took a look at this bodhisattva. It was Guanyin Bodhisattva, boxwood carving's. This Buddha statue is 1 ft high, simple and meticulous in carving, beautifully painted and heavy in hand. He was so happy that he was afraid that the bodhisattva would be thrown around and desecrated, so he spent 200 pence to buy it. Second-hand collectors accepted it with150p, but they changed hands and earned 50p, so they don't have to sell it.

Once famous foreign folk stories

Foreign folktales:

The Happy Princess in the pigsty In a big castle, there was a beautiful princess named Isa. She wears beautiful clothes, a glittering crown and curly hair every day. Every day, a servant combs her long curly hair, and there are six maids to protect her when she plays. Everyone else thinks she is the happiest child in the world, but Princess Isa really doesn't think so. She looks unhappy every day. "Baby, you are the happiest child in the world." The queen always says this to her. One morning, Isa jumped out of bed and shouted, "I don't want to be a princess anymore. How boring! " Then she took off her crown and threw it into the goldfish pond outside the window. The entourage quickly reported to the king. What foreign folk stories (source: Photo Network) "Go and get your crown!" The king ordered. Isa said, "I don't want it! I don't want to be a princess The princess can't do anything fun! " The king's hair stood on end with anger. "Before she fished out the crown from the goldfish pond, she took her to the pigsty!" "The attendants took Isa to the pigsty ... ISA began to feed the pigs, clean the pigsty and so on. Piggy gently arched her with her pink nose. Three days later, the king came to see her. "The queen, you look very dirty. ""yes. But do you know that pigs eat potatoes? " Isa touched her sparse hair. The king shouted, "I'll give you one last chance to take your crown out of the goldfish pond." "I don't want it!" Isa shouted, "I'd rather help in the pigsty! "When night came, the king fished up his daughter's crown, and then he went to the pigsty to find her. The king and elsa sit side by side. " You are dirty, but you look happy! "yes, father!" Isa said happily, "This is the happiest time in my life!" " "all right." The king sighed and said, "This is your crown. Come back if you want. I miss you! " "Father, I can wear the crown at any time." Isa said, "Maybe I can wear it when picking blueberries. Do you know that blueberries can make sauce? " "I don't know." The king said, "But you can do it for me." The king kissed his daughter's dirty cheek and her daughter kissed him on the nose. Then they returned to the castle hand in hand. Later, Sha Yi often went to work in the pigsty.

In foreign countries, folk stories

Stith Thompson (1885- 1970), an internationally renowned American folklorist, has made great achievements in studying folk literature for decades. Using the research method of historical geography, this book sorts out and classifies the folk stories circulating all over the world, and discusses the development and evolution track of all kinds of stories, the formation core of different types of mother-in-law stories with different motifs and their moral concepts, so as to reveal the original features of the stories and understand the folk customs, religions, witchcraft, morality, law, language, art and people's various mentalities in social life. This is a very valuable academic work, with detailed story materials and refined theory in the later period.

What are the foreign folk stories?

The story of the king and a gold coin, the slave of the princess, and the courage of Webb Bo Tu all stem from true love and the decision of life. It only took half a minute, and God became angry.

1, the story of the king and a gold coin

In the past, there was a king named Nando. In order to continue to enjoy happiness after death, he intends to search all the treasures of the country into his palace. In order to achieve this goal, he actually put his daughter in a brothel and all the money was turned over to the state treasury. After such a deliberate search, all the treasures and coins of the country are piled up in the state treasury.

There was a young man who admired the princess's extraordinary appearance. However, because he was poor, he could not see the princess, and his body became thinner day by day. The mother loved her son very much and said to him, "Your father had a gold coin in his mouth after he died. You can open the grave and get the gold coin. "

The son dug up his father's grave and took out gold coins for the princess. Seeing the gold coins handed by the princess, the king summoned the young man and asked, "All the treasures of the country have gone into the national treasury. Where did you get this gold coin? " You must have found the treasure! "

The young man told the king, "I really didn't find the treasure." It was my mother who told me that my father died with a gold coin in his mouth. I opened my father's grave and got this gold coin. "

The king sent someone to look into the matter carefully before he believed it. This shocked the king very much. "I can't take a gold coin. Can I use so many treasures? " Money is a thing outside the body, you can't take it with you when you are alive, and you can't take it with you when you are dead.

5. The voice of God's anger

Long, long ago, God did not live in heaven, but lived with people. They get along well and live a happy life. People have great respect for God. When it is cold, they will send firewood to keep him warm. When he is short of food, give him food to satisfy his hunger.

As for God, he treats everyone equally. No matter what contradictions exist in the world, he can mediate properly and fairly, so that both sides can be convinced. So, at that time, people on the ground lived peacefully and happily.

But God is getting old, and people are getting cold to him. For example, when the dry season comes and the weather is cold, people will warm around the fire, and God will come to keep warm, so people will push him out.

A woman even smashed his eyes with a pestle that mashed cassava. God got angry, left the world and returned to heaven. When God left, the ground was a mess. Those chiefs were unfair, justice was not done, but evil spread everywhere, and the world began to be shrouded in pain and misfortune.

One day, God opened the window and looked at the ground. He understands what is happening on the ground. He is very sympathetic to people's experiences, so he built a bridge. One end of the bridge is connected to his house, and the other end is connected to the ground.

In this way, the bridge connects heaven and earth, and people can find him along the bridge if they have something to do. Thus, with justice in the world, people have regained a peaceful and happy life.

One morning, God opened the window again and saw a man and three women coming along the bridge. Four men were all sad, and three women accused their husbands-the man abandoned them and fell in love with the fourth wife, and the man argued that there was no such thing.

God couldn't hear clearly, so he told them to talk one by one, but they didn't listen. Four throats rang together. God was confused and he became angry.

God's angry voice is very loud, not only in the sky, but also on the earth. When people heard the terrible sound, they quickly hid in the house.

When the fire went out, God said to the four quarrelling people, "All animals obey me, except you who don't obey my rules. Hurry home. From now on, I no longer care about human affairs. "

When the four men returned to the ground, God waved and the original bridge disappeared immediately. From then on, people can't go to heaven, but God still knows everything on earth. God gets angry at the sight of unpleasant things happening in the world.

God's angry voice was deafening, and people were very afraid. Today, whenever people do something bad, God gets angry. This angry voice is the thunder we hear.