1, China, BC 1 1 century, Shang Gao, a mathematician in Zhou Dynasty, put forward "Gousan, Gu Si and Xian Wu". A dialogue between Shang Gao and Duke Zhou was recorded in The Book of Balance Calculation in Zhou Dynasty. Shang Gao said, "How's it going? Therefore, the moment is folded, the hook width is three, the strand is repaired four, and the angle is five. " Meaning: When two right-angled sides of a right-angled triangle are 3 (hook) and 4 (chord) respectively, the radius angle (chord) is 5. In the future, people will simply say that this fact is "three strands, four chords and five". According to this allusion, Pythagorean theorem is called quotient height theorem.

In the 3rd century A.D., Zhao Shuang in the Three Kingdoms period made a detailed annotation on the Pythagorean theorem in Nine Chapters Arithmetic in The Book of Changes, and Zhao Shuang created the Pythagorean square diagram, which is a combination of form and number, and gave a detailed proof of the Pythagorean theorem. Later, Liu Hui also proved the Pythagorean theorem in Liu Hui's notes. ?

Hua Hua, a mathematician in China in the late Qing Dynasty, put forward more than twenty proofs of Pythagorean theorem.

2. The ancient Babylonians knew and applied Pythagorean theorem as early as 3000 BC, and they also knew many Pythagorean sequences. There is an ancient Babylonian clay tablet numbered "Printon 322" in the library of Columbia University in the United States, on which a large number of checkers are recorded. The ancient Egyptians also used Pythagorean theorem when building magnificent pyramids and measuring the land after the Nile flooded.

In the 6th century BC, the Greek mathematician Pythagoras proved the Pythagorean theorem, so westerners used to call it Pythagorean theorem.

On April 1876 and 1 day, Garfield published his proof of Pythagorean theorem in the New England Journal of Education.

The Pythagorean proposition was published in 1940, and 367 different proofs were collected.

Second, the relevant information

Pythagorean theorem is a basic geometric theorem, which means that the sum of the squares of two right angles of a right triangle is equal to the square of the hypotenuse. In ancient China, right-angled triangles were called Pythagorean Theorem, the smaller right-angled side was a hook, the other longer right-angled side was a chord, and the hypotenuse was a chord, so this theorem was called Pythagorean Theorem, and some people called it quotient height theorem.

There are about 500 ways to prove Pythagorean theorem, and Pythagorean theorem is one of the most proven theorems in mathematics. Pythagorean theorem is one of the important mathematical theorems discovered and proved by human beings in the early days. It is one of the most important tools to solve geometric problems with algebraic ideas, and it is also one of the ties of the combination of numbers and shapes.

Let the lengths of the two right-angled sides of a right-angled triangle be A and B respectively, and the length of the hypotenuse be C, which can be expressed in mathematical language as follows:

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The meaning of Pythagorean theorem;

1. The proof of Pythagorean theorem is the beginning of proving geometry.

2. Pythagorean theorem is the first theorem in history that connects numbers with shapes, that is, the first theorem that connects geometry with algebra.

3. Pythagorean theorem led to the discovery of irrational numbers and the first mathematical crisis, which greatly deepened people's understanding of logarithms.

4. Pythagorean theorem is the first indefinite equation in history to give a complete solution, which leads to Fermat's last theorem.

5. Pythagorean theorem is the basic theorem of Euclidean geometry and has great practical value. This theorem is not only a dazzling pearl in geometry, but also widely used in advanced mathematics and other scientific fields.

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