Cloze mainly tests candidates' comprehensive comprehension ability and language application ability combined with context, that is, their application ability of discourse structure, grammar and vocabulary knowledge on the basis of reading comprehension, which is the positioning of cloze. The outline clearly points out the key points of cloze: word meaning discrimination, grammar, fixed collocation and logical relationship. Now, through the systematic analysis of the real questions in recent 13 years, we can have a clearer grasp of the proposer's thinking and understand how the proposer infiltrated the requirements of the examination outline into the examination questions.

1. Chart1:2001—— 2013 Distribution of cloze knowledge points.

age

Meaning discrimination

logical relation

Fixed collocation

Grammar knowledge

200 1

14

three

2

1

2002

1 1

four

four

1

2003

12

four

four

∕

2004

10

six

three

1

2005

nine

seven

four

∕

2006

1 1

six

2

1

2007

14

four

2

∕

2008

14

three

three

∕

2009

13

four

three

∕

20 10

1 1

four

five

∕

20 1 1

13

four

three

∕

20 12

14

three

three

∕

20 13

12

five

three

be equal to

134

50

43

four

Analysis conclusion

As can be seen from the statistical data of the icon, after nine years of macro-analysis, it is not difficult to find that vocabulary and logical coherence are the key points of cloze, and they account for far more than the other two items.

First, vocabulary is the most important test site.

As we all know, most English preparation for postgraduate entrance examination begins with vocabulary, and the mastery of vocabulary often determines whether the foundation of the whole English preparation for postgraduate entrance examination is solid. In cloze, the dominance of vocabulary is still unshakable, and we can see the investigation of vocabulary in countless topics. Generally speaking, we divide the investigation of diamond card for postgraduate entrance examination into two parts: basic meaning and near meaning analysis. The former mainly examines whether candidates can recognize the meaning and usage of words in the options, so the options are often not commonly used, or the less commonly used meanings are used in the more commonly used words. The latter is more difficult to test. It is based on the analysis of four options with similar meanings, or those with similar meanings that are easily mistaken for similar ones. On the one hand, candidates need to find out the general meaning of the words to be filled in the options in combination with the context. On the other hand, it is very difficult for candidates to select the truly correct option from the options with similar meanings. The improvement of this ability often requires a lot of good training on related topics.

Second, the proportion of logical coherence is increasing.

Logical coherence refers to context, and the core purpose of solving cloze is to do well with reference to context. As can be seen from the above table, in recent years, the examination of understanding the logical relationship of context in cloze questions has gradually increased. This kind of questions is mainly reflected in the choice of conjunctions, adverbs or phrases that can make the context coherent, which puts forward higher requirements for candidates to grasp the content of the article as a whole and pay attention to the relationship between sentences. On the other hand, just like this, logical coherence is usually not examined separately, but often examined together with vocabulary, fixed collocation or grammar. Candidates should not only try to master the main points and accumulate vocabulary, but also pay attention to the different characteristics of vocabulary collocation habits and usage. In addition, we should learn to infer the meaning of words and the usage of conjunctions through contextual clues, as well as the logical relationship between words, sentences and paragraphs.

Third, fixed collocation and grammar are one of the points that cannot be underestimated.

Compared with vocabulary and logical coherence, fixed collocation and grammar are not equally important points, but we can't completely ignore their review. In particular, fixed collocation, as a traditional cloze, has always occupied a position that cannot be ignored in cloze. As a very primary and intuitive examination point, fixed collocation has its own obvious characteristics, that is, in the examination of a fixed collocation, it is very simple and easy for those who know and master this fixed collocation, but it is often difficult for candidates who are not familiar with this fixed collocation to make correct inferences based on their existing English foundation. Therefore, the repeated memory of the huge fixed collocation of the system often becomes the starting point of this part of preparation.

Fourth, grammar can never be ignored.

The position of grammar can never be ignored, whether in postgraduate English or in the application of English knowledge. Grammar, the key part of English, has been listed as the only English knowledge application that can continue to examine grammar, but many exams have become hidden. The number of questions that directly examine grammar knowledge in cloze is very small, but in fact all the questions in cloze are more or less related to grammar, especially the questions that combine vocabulary use and context understanding to examine grammar still appear from time to time. Therefore, in the initial stage of postgraduate review, we must pay attention to consolidating our grammatical foundation.

2. Chart 2: 20065438+0-2065438+03 Distribution of Part-of-Speech Tests

Analysis conclusion

We can see that in the part-of-speech examination, verbs and nouns account for more than half of the part-of-speech examination points. Thus, the review of verbs and nouns is the most important part of part-of-speech preparation.

Secondly, the investigation of adjectives and adverbs. It can be seen that the traditional important position of verbs, nouns, descriptions and adverbs represented by basic parts of speech has not wavered at all, and the basic parts of speech of basic vocabulary is still the basis of vocabulary examination.

What is worth mentioning is the examination of prepositions, phrases and conjunctions. Although the proportion of these three parts of speech is far less than the previous basic parts of speech, their importance is quite high. First of all, preposition, as the biggest difficulty in cloze, has always been one of the biggest goals for candidates to lose points, and the fixed collocation naturally related to preposition test has also become a big difficulty. The last conjunction looks simple. In fact, due to the overall difficulty of cloze, the difficulty of the exam has been rising. So the difficulty of cloze has been increasing. Therefore, after conquering this part, the large-scale loss of points in the gestalt will also be effectively alleviated.

Finally, the examination of verb present participle and gerund, that is, the examination point of ing form and pronoun, has a small proportion and is not difficult, and its position in the whole part-of-speech examination is relatively low, which is not the key preparation point of the whole part-of-speech examination.

3. Chart 3: 200 1——20 13 Syntactic and Logical Relationship Test Content Distribution

Analysis conclusion

Syntactic logic in logical coherence refers to the logical relationship between contextual sentences, or turning, or progressive, and so on. The purpose of analyzing syntactic logic is to better highlight and understand the problem-solving ideas highlighted in the "connecting context" gestalt. Only by correctly understanding the logical relationship between contexts can we better understand the original intention of the article and choose the correct options. Generally speaking, an important reason for the wrong choice is the ambiguity of the author's meaning, and an important reason for ambiguity is nothing more than the syntactic and logical grasp between contexts.

As can be seen from the above table, the turning relation occupies the most important position in all syntactic logic, and cloze pays great attention to the turning sentence, that is, the meanings of different contexts are different, and commonly used turning words such as but and how are generally used as guides to complete the turning of sentence meaning. Candidates must pay special attention to turning sentence patterns in order to find out the correct options effectively.

At the same time, the examination point of concession relationship is also very prominent in syntax and logic In real questions, it is very common to guide through or even through the form, which requires candidates to clearly master these words or phrases that express the tone of concession.

4. Chart 4: Distribution of grammar test sites from 38+0 to 20 13 in 20065438.

Analysis conclusion

After the single-choice question that directly examines grammar was won, it is generally believed that the largest grammar test item was transferred to cloze, which is also reflected in the increase of the total number of cloze questions from 10 to 20 questions. However, the biggest difference between the grammar of cloze test and the grammar test directly before is that cloze test on grammar knowledge points is relatively hidden. From an intuitive point of view, there are not many items directly examined in cloze, but after careful analysis, it is not difficult to see that a considerable number of cloze examination options are indirectly related to grammar. Mastering relevant grammar items for postgraduate training will not only help to better understand cloze articles that are particularly difficult because of the lack of effective options, but also help to better exclude them.

As can be seen from the above table, preposition usage and verb-object structure account for a very large proportion of the few options for directly examining grammar knowledge points, which also tells us that we must attach great importance to the review of these two in preparing for the exam. At the same time, the quotation-object structure and object-complement structure also need to attract the attention of candidates.