Euler's profound knowledge, endless creative energy and unprecedented rich works are amazing! He published papers from the age of 19 to the age of 76, and has written countless books and papers for more than half a century. Up to now, Euler's name can be seen in almost every mathematical field, from Euler line of elementary geometry, euler theorem of polyhedron, Euler transformation formula of solid analytic geometry, Euler solution of quartic equation to Euler function in number theory, Euler equation of differential equation, Euler constant of series theory and Euler equation of variational method. Euler formula of complex variable function, etc. , is countless. His contribution to mathematical analysis is even more original. Introduction to infinitesimal analysis is his epoch-making masterpiece, and mathematicians call him "the embodiment of analysis" at that time.
Euler is the most prolific outstanding mathematician in the history of science. According to statistics, * * * has written 886 books and papers in his tireless life, of which 40% is analysis, algebra and number theory, 18% is geometry, 28% is physics and mechanics, 1 1% is astronomy, as well as ballistics and navigation.
The amazing productivity of Euler's works is not accidental. He can work in any harsh environment. He often holds his children on his knees to finish his papers, regardless of their noise. His indomitable perseverance and tireless academic spirit made him blind, and he didn't stop studying mathematics. During the 17 years after his blindness, he also dictated several books and about 400 papers. Gauss (1777- 1855), a great mathematician in the 9th century, once said, "Studying Euler's works is always the best way to understand mathematics."
Euler's father Paul Euler is also a mathematician. He wants little Euler to study theology and teach him a little at the same time. Because of his talent and extremely diligent spirit, little Euler was accepted by John? Bernoulli's appreciation and special guidance, when he wrote a paper about masts at the age of 19, and won the prize of the Paris Academy of Sciences, his father no longer opposed him to study mathematics.
1725 John? Daniel bernoulli's son? Bernoulli went to Russia and recommended Euler to Tsar Cadling I. In this way, 1727 May, Euler came to Petersburg. 1733, at the age of 26, Euler became a professor of mathematics at the Academy of Sciences in Petersburg. 1735, Euler solved an astronomical problem (calculating the orbit of a comet). Euler, on the other hand, used his own invented method to finish it in three days. However, due to overwork, he got an eye disease and unfortunately lost his right eye. At this time, he was only 28 years old. At the invitation of Prussian frederick the great, Euler went to Berlin as the director of the Institute of Physics and Mathematics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences until 1766, and later returned to Petersburg at the sincere invitation of Tsar Cadling II. Finally, he was completely blind. Unfortunately, the fire in Petersburg in 177 1 year damaged Euler's house. 64-year-old Euler was blinded by illness and was trapped in the fire. Although he was saved from the fire by others, his research and a lot of research results were reduced to ashes.
The heavy blow still didn't knock Euler down. He vowed to recover the loss. Before he was completely blind, he could still see vaguely. He seized the last moment, scribbled down the formula he found on a big blackboard, and then dictated its contents. His students, especially his eldest son A? Records of Euler (mathematician and physicist). After being completely blind, Euler still fought against the darkness with amazing perseverance and studied with memory and mental arithmetic until his death, which lasted 17 years.
Euler's memory and mental arithmetic are rare. He can retell the contents of his notes when he was young. Mental arithmetic is not limited to simple operations, and advanced mathematics can also be done by heart. An example is enough to illustrate his skill. Two students of Euler added the term 17 of a complex convergence series to the 50th place, and the difference between them was one unit. In order to determine who is right, Euler calculated all the errors in his mind and finally put them into the errors. It also solved Newton's headache of moon deviation and many complicated analysis problems.