This article is mainly written because the senior high school students and their parents who suggested to apply for Taiwan Province provincial schools a while ago don't know much about technical and vocational colleges, and they don't even know whether they are undergraduate or junior college students. Many people mistakenly think that it is similar to Chinese mainland's technical and professional system. In fact, there are still many good schools in technical and vocational colleges. It may also be because Taiwan Province Province is only the first year to enroll students, so everyone is not familiar with the academic system of Taiwan Province Province. I hope that through this article, we can have a better understanding of Taiwan education.

To explain the division between ordinary universities and technical colleges, we must start with the education system in Taiwan Province Province. In particular, the explanation of senior vocational schools is very important for the understanding of technical and vocational colleges, which is also the reason why the technical and vocational system in Taiwan Province Province is generally much better than that on the other side.

The following is an overview and explanation of the education system in Taiwan Province Province:

Kindergarten, primary school, junior high school and large class for 3 years-> Primary school for 6 years-> Junior high school for 3 years-> 3 years in high school/3 years in higher vocational school/3 years in comprehensive high school/5 years in five-year junior college-> Ordinary university, 4-year /4-year college, 4-year /2-year college, 2-year /2-year college-> 2-year master's degree program-> Postgraduate doctoral degree for 4 years.

Kindergartens are called kindergartens in Chinese mainland, while primary schools are called primary schools in Taiwan Province Province.

Junior high school is referred to as junior high school, which is equivalent to junior high school in the mainland. If you want to enter a higher school from junior high school, you must take the entrance examination, which is called the basic academic ability test, which is equivalent to the senior high school entrance examination in the mainland. 20 1 1 Taipei, Xinbei and Keelung take separate exams, which are called the North-North-North-based senior high school entrance examination. According to the results of this test, you can choose to apply for and be assigned to a senior middle school, a senior vocational school, a comprehensive high school or a five-year junior college according to your personal ambition. Some people enter high school art classes, music classes or high school physical education classes as special sports students. These educational systems are the same as those of art students and physical education students in Chinese mainland.

Senior middle schools, like Chinese mainland, are called high schools for short. Nearly half of junior high school students in Taiwan Province Province will choose to study the senior high school system after graduation, mainly to cultivate the ability of basic subjects. Most students who have a good foundation in junior high school or a good family will choose to go to high school. In order to enter colleges and universities, high schools must take the university subject ability test, which is called academic test. According to the test results, they can apply to ordinary universities or four-year technical and vocational colleges, and then they can take the tests of the subjects designated by the universities. With this achievement, I entered an ordinary university. Senior high schools in Taiwan Province Province also study for three years, and I will start grouping when I am a senior one and a senior two. In Taiwan Province Province, liberal arts is called social group (also called the first group), and science is called natural group, which is divided into the second group and the third group who study more than one subject. Most girls will choose the first and third groups, while boys will choose the second and third groups. Due to the profound concept of attaching importance to literature in Taiwan Province Province, in recent years, the number of people who choose the natural group has gradually increased. Famous public high schools in Taiwan Province Province, such as Taipei Jianguo Middle School, Yi Bei Girls' Middle School, Middle School Attached to Normal University, Chenggong High School, Zhongshan Girls' Middle School, Taoyuan Wuling High School, Taichung No.1 Middle School, Taichung Girls' Middle School, Kaohsiung Middle School and Kaohsiung Girls' Middle School, are very crowded every year.

High school students in art classes, music classes and physical education classes must take the entrance examination and pass the technical examination before they can continue to study art, music, physical education or other related majors in universities. It should be similar to the results of the college entrance examination and unified examination of mainland art students.

Higher vocational schools in Taiwan Province Province are called higher vocational schools, which are similar to those in Chinese mainland. Different from the technical and vocational system in mainland China, there is another entrance examination for higher vocational education, which is called the unified examination for four skills and two majors. You can enter a four-year technical and vocational college or select an ordinary university. A good technical and vocational college can also be equivalent to two universities in Chinese mainland or even 2 1 1.

More than half of junior high school graduates will choose to study in higher vocational colleges. In the early days, some students from poor families or who want to learn skills earlier will choose to study in this academic system. In recent years, the scores of higher vocational colleges have been greatly improved, which can attract many students who are admitted to good high schools at the same time. The main reason for this phenomenon is that they can learn practical skills to get jobs or take technical and vocational exams in advance to enter technical and vocational colleges and even ordinary universities. Therefore, the level of higher vocational colleges in Chinese mainland is far better than that of secondary vocational schools and vocational high schools.

Higher vocational education takes three years, which is mainly divided into advanced engineering (advanced industrial vocational school) and advanced business (advanced commercial vocational school). There are many specialties, including construction machinery, sheet metal, casting, automobile, information, motor, electronics, civil engineering, architecture, chemical industry and so on. Accounting affairs, data processing, statistics, business design, advertising design, interior design, business management, foreign language application, international trade, etc. There are also some family or agricultural vocational schools. Well-known public vocational colleges such as Tai 'an Senior Engineer and Shilin Senior Engineer in Taipei, Taichung Senior Engineer and Taichung Businessmen in Taichung, etc. Other well-known vocational colleges include traditional eight-province workers and eight-province businessmen. These schools are admitted to Taiwan Province University of Science and Technology, National Taipei University of Science and Technology and Yunlin University every year, and are the top three technical and vocational colleges in Taiwan Province Province. Even after the public selection of ordinary universities in the past two years, some higher vocational colleges have been admitted to famous ordinary universities in China, such as Zhengsi Middle School, a youth course.

There is also a comprehensive high school system, which is between high school and higher vocational education. It belongs to the new system of secondary education in Taiwan Province Province in recent ten years. You can take the senior high school entrance examination or higher vocational education, but because both sides have to prepare, it is a bit like learning everything but not mastering it, but it is relatively unpopular.

Five-year junior college, referred to as five-year junior college for short, is the most famous technical and vocational education system in the early days, especially the five-year college department of the provincial Taipei Institute of Technology (now national taipei university of technology). At present, few colleges and technical and vocational colleges have five-year specialties, so I won't explain them much.

The two-year junior college is referred to as the second college, and the students mainly come from higher vocational colleges. There are very few schools with this academic system, and most of them have low scores in the unified examination, with the exception of national schools such as Taichung Nursing College, Tainan Nursing College and Taitung College. Otherwise, ordinary higher vocational students will choose a four-year technical vocational college to study.

The entrance examination for the second and fifth colleges is to enter ordinary colleges, technical vocational colleges or two-year technical vocational colleges by taking the unified examination for two skills, which should be similar to the entrance examination for the mainland.

Ordinary universities are called Puda for short. The students are mainly high school students, but also a few vocational school students. This academic system is almost the same as that of ordinary universities in Chinese mainland. The biggest difference is that the level of private schools in Taiwan Province Province is much better than that in Chinese mainland. In particular, established private universities can be equivalent to two universities, and top private ordinary universities such as Chang Gung University and Fu Jen Catholic University can be equivalent to 985,2168.

Four-year technical vocational college is called "four skills" for short. The students are mainly vocational college students, and some high school students will learn the "four skills", especially in public schools. This kind of educational system is the most confusing for Lusheng, and it will be mistaken for being similar to junior college and vocational college. In fact, the four skills, as the name implies, are four years of study, which is equivalent to an undergraduate course, and a bachelor's degree is awarded after graduation. The names of technical and vocational colleges are divided into University of Science and Technology and Technical College, which also confuses many people. It's just that the scale of the school is small, for example, the number of undergraduate, master and doctoral classes is small, so some technical colleges can't be promoted to polytechnic university. Another exception is Wenzao Foreign Languages Institute, which is not an ordinary university, although it was later called Foreign Languages Institute. The same is true of Taipei University of Nursing and Health and Kaohsiung University of Food, both of which belong to technical and vocational colleges.

Of course, most so-called technical colleges have lower scores than HKUST. Only the National Taipei Institute of Business Technology and Pingtung Institute of Business Technology, as well as the private Zhi Zhi Institute of Technology and Wenzao Institute of Foreign Languages are exceptions, because these colleges have been very famous since the fifth junior college, so their scores are extremely high.

I think this technical vocational college will be relatively unpopular mainly because only private schools are open, while Zhi Ming University of Science and Technology and some pharmacy majors are closed, so the best major in the school is probably similar to Grade Two A, which is higher than that in Guangdong. If there is an open national school next year, people may be more keen to apply for technical and vocational colleges. After all, every year in Taiwan Province Province, many high school students give up good ordinary universities and go to national technical and vocational colleges.

However, most of the technical and vocational systems only favor the majors of literature, business, agriculture, engineering and medicine, and literature only favors applied literature. Business has no theoretical economics, engineering is the most comprehensive, and ordinary universities have technical and vocational positions. Only Pink University has an agronomy major, but there is no entomology department. Medicine has only general medicine and nursing specialty. The rest of science, such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology and psychology, as well as politics, society, social work and philosophy of law, history, geography, media and social science, are all majors in ordinary universities. Of course, there are also some specialties that ordinary universities don't have, such as Chinese food, western cooking and facial makeup. It is more suitable for studying food travel, makeup and beauty. There are also many design majors in technical and vocational colleges, and few schools offer design majors in ordinary colleges and universities.

Two-year technical vocational college, referred to as "two skills", is a very unpopular academic system, because its students are also from five universities and two universities, and the number of students with two skills is decreasing. Most schools are more inclined to increase the number of places to four skills, and the best students will choose to take the big exam and enter the top ordinary universities instead of studying for two.

Ordinary colleges and universities, four-year and two-year technical and vocational colleges can participate in graduate school selection or unified examination to enter the master's class, and the master's class of graduate school should take the postgraduate doctoral class. This is the general situation of the education system in Taiwan Province Province.

In fact, the difference between ordinary universities and technical colleges in Taiwan Province Province has become increasingly blurred. Both senior high school students and vocational college students can enter these two academic systems, and both have set up postgraduate master's programs and doctoral programs. At the graduate stage, there is almost no difference between the two, and they are mainly academic research. The educational reform in Taiwan Province Province inclines the technical and vocational education to the academic line.

If you want to know what are the better universities and technical colleges, you can refer to my other national and private general universities and technical colleges. Recently, most of the better schools have been supplemented.

I would like to add here that Taiwan Province Province pays more attention to science students than liberal arts students because it is mainly engaged in scientific and technological manufacturing and biomedical industries. It is easier for science students to cross the subjects of liberal arts students, and it is also easy for many business majors with liberal arts students to cross the exam. As far as I know, there should be more science students in Chinese mainland. Although the college entrance examination is not like Taiwan Province Province, many majors are science enrollment. Including finance, accounting, international trade and business management. So like Taiwan Province Province, science students will have more choices. Moreover, recently, by observing the previous professional scores of mainland universities, it is found that liberal arts and science are both popular business majors with high scores. Unlike science students in Taiwan Province Province, they will give priority to electrical engineering and biomedicine. This is definitely related to the importance that both sides attach to the development of different industries. Therefore, it can also explain why most of the majors chosen by mainland liberal arts students are finance, international trade, business administration and media. On the contrary, few people apply for the best electrical engineering and biomedical majors in Taiwan Province Province.

Notes on 20 13/5/3 1

Recently, there is a feeling that in fact, Taiwan Province technical and vocational colleges should adopt the engineering practice system, emphasize practical skills and make the practice compulsory for one year, just like Zhi Ming University. However, most technical and vocational colleges are oriented to further studies and tend to teach in theory. People will continue to study for graduate students after completing their undergraduate courses. Taiwan Province University and Peking University, in particular, attract many outstanding high school students, not for learning practical skills, but as academic science and technology universities similar to national universities.

These views have also been discussed in forums in Taiwan Province Province recently. As can be seen from the high schools admitted to Taiwan Province and Beijing, most of them are concentrated in the star high schools in the north, especially in Taipei. On behalf of these students, they think that since they can't get into the exam and become the government, they should choose Taiwan Province and Peking, which are close to home, instead of going to four Chinese character colleges in other counties and cities. Of course, the design majors in Taiwan Province and Beijing have nothing to say, and they always emphasize the ability of design execution, but other engineering and business majors.

Remarks:

Junior high school basic academic ability test: one * * * test six subjects, Chinese, English, mathematics, nature, society and composition. At present, the new system is 80 points for a subject, 0/2 points for composition, and 4/0/2 points for full score, which is moderate. This test result can be used as an application for senior high school, higher vocational school and Fifth Hospital (similar to mainland independent enrollment, for example,

University subject ability test: you can apply for high school. Chinese, English, mathematics, nature and society are five subjects, and the scores are called grades. One subject 15, out of 75 points. The difficulty is moderate, and it is considered as the most vague score in all the exams in Taiwan Province Province. After all, it is mainly used to apply for universities or as a screening threshold for registration distribution, and academic test scores only account for a small part of the applied schools.

The results of this test have a wide range of uses, including the recommended admission of stars in ordinary universities (most interested in school scores+university test scores+qualifications for freshmen in high schools and comprehensive high schools). You can only apply to one university or an academic group in a university, and each high school can only recommend two students to the same university at most), as well as applications for admission to ordinary universities (both current and past students can participate, and up to six schools can apply). The first stage mainly depends on the screening of college examination results. After passing the first stage, you can enter the second stage of written materials search review or school interviews and written examinations. At this time, the total score generally includes high school transcripts+college test scores+written materials+interview and written test scores), four skills application for admission (similar to the application for admission to ordinary universities, but only comprehensive high school students and high school students can apply for up to five schools), and many higher vocational students will also apply for college tests to increase the channels for further study.

University-designated subject examination: high school students can take it, but vocational students can hardly take it. After all, the depth of the examination content is completely unsuitable for higher vocational students. It can be regarded as the exam with the most subjects, including Chinese, English, Mathematics A (science mathematics), Mathematics B (liberal arts mathematics), history, geography, citizenship, physics, chemistry and biology. Full marks in all subjects are 6544. Therefore, it is also the most difficult entrance exam in Taiwan Province Province (because 20 1 1, most questions are not reversed). Liberal arts students can apply at will, because each school and major has specified which subjects to take, so the more schools and majors you can apply for, the more you can choose, which is obviously different from the total score of the mainland college entrance examination. The purpose of this exam is to combine the enrollment and allocation of admission in ordinary colleges and universities.

Unified examination of four skills and two specialties: comprehensive high school students and vocational college students can apply for the examination, ordinary high school students need to graduate for more than one year before they can apply for the examination, and many high school students who retake the examination (re-examination) will also take the unified examination. They mainly take five subjects, but there will be different subjects according to the professional category of the newspaper. At present, one * * * has 20 categories. It can be regarded as the entrance examination with the most types of examination subjects. Usually there are Chinese, English, mathematics A (nursing) B (business) C (engineering), major I (such as electronics, mechanical mechanics, introduction to design, etc. ) and major two (such as circuit science, introduction to business, introduction to computer, etc.). ). give an example of applying for a professional category, such as applying for the eighth category of engineering and management. The five subjects are Chinese, English, Mathematics C, Specialty (Physics, Chemistry) and Junior College II (Introduction to Computer). The national English score is 100, and the professional subject score is also 100. But in fact, it is necessary to weigh twice the original score when participating in registration and distribution, so the total score of five subjects is 700, which is easier to get than college academic test and finger test.

The results of this test can be used for the selection and admission of four skills and two majors (similar to high school students applying for colleges and universities and four skills, but the first stage of screening is transformed into a grading transformation of unified examination results. Both freshmen and non-freshmen can participate, but the new graduates of comprehensive high schools must complete the special courses with more than 25 credits before the last semester of senior three) and the joint registration and distribution of four skills and two majors (similar to the joint registration and distribution of colleges and universities, and the scores of major one and major two are fixed at x2).

There are many other channels for higher vocational students to enter higher education, such as:

Star recommendation for admission to science and technology schools: It is similar to the star recommendation for admission to ordinary colleges and universities, but it pays more attention to school performance (the grades of Grade One to Grade Three must be within 20% of all subjects at present), and it is necessary to have the qualification of fresh graduates of vocational courses in higher vocational colleges or comprehensive high schools. Each candidate must choose to enroll in each science and technology school of this enrollment group according to his own professional subject group and one of the subjects of higher vocational colleges 15 to which the course belongs.

Four skills and two specialties, technical Excellence into the school: no matter how the overall test results, whether it is an international skills competition or a Taiwan-wide competition, whoever wins the top three, whether it is this year or not, is eligible to get technical Excellence into the school. You can fill in volunteer walk and assignment directly, and you can fill in up to 50 volunteers.

Admission: Regardless of the results of the unified examination, all winners of the recognized competition or holders of technical bachelor's certificates above Grade B, qualified vocational or high school students, whether they are fresh or not, can register, and five volunteers can be selected to participate in the appraisal of designated projects handled by the enrollment school. Evaluation methods may include interviews, implementation, portfolio review, written materials review, etc. , decided by the school, but neither written nor unified entrance examination is adopted.

Eight provincial workers: Eight provincial workers refer to eight famous industrial vocational schools in Taiwan Province Province. From 65438 to 0955, the Ministry of Education of Taiwan Province Province received American money to buy advanced instruments, introduced American "unit industry training system" and "industry unit teaching method", designated eight schools to conduct demonstration industry education, and implemented the unit industry training system. These eight schools are called "demonstration work". The eight schools are:

Taipei Industrial Vocational School is now restructured into Taipei Da 'an Senior Industrial Vocational School, referred to as Da 'an Senior Engineer.

Taiwan Province Provincial Hsinchu Industrial Vocational School is now restructured into the National Hsinchu Senior Industrial Vocational School, referred to as Hsinchu Senior Engineer.

Taichung Industrial Vocational School, founded in Taiwan Province Province, has been reorganized into National Taichung Senior Industrial Vocational School, referred to as Taichung Senior Engineer.

Changhua Industrial Vocational School, founded in Taiwan Province Province, has been reorganized into a senior industrial vocational school affiliated to the National Changhua University of Education, referred to as Zhangshi Affiliated for short.

Chiayi Industrial Vocational School in Taiwan Province Province is now reorganized into the National Chiayi Senior Industrial Vocational School, referred to as Chiayi Senior Project.

Tainan Industrial Vocational School, founded in Taiwan Province Province, has been reorganized into a national Tainan Senior Industrial Vocational School, referred to as Tainan Senior Project.

Kaohsiung Industrial Vocational School, established in Taiwan Province Province, has been transformed into Kaohsiung Senior Industrial Vocational School, referred to as Kaohsiung Senior Engineer for short.

Hualien Industrial Vocational School, established in Taiwan Province Province, has been reorganized into the National Hualien Advanced Industrial Vocational School, referred to as Hualien Advanced Engineering.

Eight Provincial Businessmen: Eight Provincial Businessmen refer to eight famous commercial vocational schools in Taiwan Province Province, which are eight provincial or municipal advanced commercial schools in Taiwan Province Province. It comes from the list of eight outstanding business jobs with strong competitiveness in Taiwan Province listed by many cram schools, so as to stimulate the fresh graduates to study hard. These eight schools are all provincial or municipal schools, so they are customarily called eight provincial businessmen.

The arrangement from north to south is as follows:

Taipei Commercial Vocational School is now reorganized into Taipei Li Shilin Senior Commercial Vocational School, referred to as Shilin Shang Gao.

Taipei Songshan Commercial Vocational School is now reorganized into Taipei Songshan Senior Commercial Family Vocational School, referred to as Songshan Jiashang.

Taiwan Province Provincial Hsinchu Commercial Vocational School is now reorganized into the National Hsinchu Senior Commercial Vocational School, referred to as Hsinchu Shang Gao for short.

Taichung Family Vocational School, founded in Taiwan Province Province, has been transformed into the National Taichung Senior Family Business Vocational School, referred to as Taichung Family Business for short.

Changhua Commercial Vocational School was established in Taiwan Province Province, and now it has been reorganized into the National Changhua Senior Commercial Vocational School, referred to as Changhua Shang Gao.

Chiayi Commercial Vocational School in Taiwan Province Province is now reorganized into the National Chiayi Senior Commercial Vocational School, referred to as Chiayi Shang Gao.

Taiwan Province Provincial Commercial Vocational School is now reorganized into the National Tainan Senior Commercial Vocational School, referred to as Tainan Shang Gao.

Kaohsiung Commercial Vocational School was established in Taiwan Province Province, and now it has been reorganized into Kaohsiung Senior Commercial Vocational School, referred to as Kaohsiung Shang Gao.