The so-called mathematical model is a mathematical structure formed by abstractly and generally expressing the main characteristics of the studied object and their relationships by using formal mathematical language according to specific research purposes. In junior high school mathematics, algebraic expressions, relations, equations, functions, inequalities, charts, graphs and so on established by mathematical symbols such as letters and numbers are all mathematical models. The mathematical model structure has two main characteristics: first, it is a pure mathematical relational structure formed by abstracting some non-essential attributes of objects. Secondly, this structure is expressed by mathematical symbols and can be deduced by mathematical methods. As a link between mathematics and the outside world, mathematical model thought is one of the basic mathematical ideas that students must master. 1. Gradually infiltrate and establish the idea of mathematical model in teaching. It takes a long time for students to understand the model idea. In this process, students always accumulate experience from relatively simple to relatively complex, from relatively concrete to relatively abstract, master modeling methods, and gradually form the habit of using models for mathematical thinking. Mathematical model teaching in junior high school mainly combines related concepts with learning, and guides students to analyze and express practical problems by using functions, inequalities, equations, equations, geometric figures and statistical tables. The perception of model thinking should be included in the teaching of concepts, propositions, formulas and rules, and closely combined with the cultivation of number sense, symbol sense and spatial concept. The establishment of model concept is a gradual process. For example, the idea of function is a way of thinking that considers correspondence, movement change and dependence, describes another state with certainty from one state, and transitions from research state to research change process. The essence of function thought lies in establishing and studying the corresponding relationship between variables. What changes is the' process' and what remains unchanged is the' law' (relationship). In teaching, students should be guided to discover and express laws, which is the infiltration of function thought in teaching. For example: "Volume problem", a rectangular iron sheet with a length of 30cm and a width of 25cm, cut a square with a side length of 5cm from each of the four corners, and then make a box. How much iron is used in this box? What is its volume? "This problem is only a simple calculation problem, but if we change the provision of" cutting off a square with a side length of 5 cm "in the original problem to guess and verify that" when cutting off a square with a side length of several centimeters, the volume of the iron box is the largest ",the problem will change from static to dynamic. With the help of such a process of movement and change, students begin to be instilled with functional ideas. 2. Experience the mathematical activity process of "problem situation-modeling-solution and verification". The mathematical activity process of "problem situation-modeling-solution and verification" embodies the basic requirements of model thinking, and is also beneficial for students to understand and master relevant knowledge and skills, accumulate experience in mathematical activities, and appreciate the essence of model thinking. This process is more conducive to students actively discovering, proposing, analyzing and solving problems, and cultivating innovative consciousness. For example, in the teaching of equations, we used to focus on relatively "pure" knowledge and skills such as equation definition, type solving and isomorphic discussion from concept to concept. Now students can abstract the model of "equation" from a wealth of practical concrete problems, thus solving concrete problems. Mathematical model not only provides an effective way for mathematical expression and communication, but also provides an important tool for solving practical problems, which can help students understand and understand the meaning of mathematics accurately and clearly. In junior high school mathematics teaching activities, teachers should take effective measures to strengthen the infiltration of teaching mode ideas, improve students' interest in learning, and cultivate students' awareness of using mathematics and their ability to analyze and solve practical problems. In solving problems, expand the applied mathematical model. The established mathematical model can be used to solve problems in real life, make students realize the practical application value of the mathematical model, experience the use and benefits of the knowledge they have learned, and further cultivate students' awareness of applying mathematics and their comprehensive problem-solving ability. 3. Improving learning methods to promote mathematical modeling teaching Mathematical modeling is different from simple problem solving, it is a comprehensive process. This process is characterized by questions, activities, processes and searches. The following learning methods can be tried in mathematical modeling: (1) Small-topic learning method allows students to independently determine topics, make research plans for topics, and submit research reports after completion. Guide students to put forward research topics according to their own life experience and observation of the real situation. (2) In mathematical modeling, cooperative learning can be divided into reasonable groups, cooperate with each other, and cultivate students' cooperative communication ability. (3) The openness of the open learning mode here has many meanings, such as breaking the boundaries between class and extracurricular, entering the society and conducting mathematical investigations; Make full use of network resources, collect useful modeling information, and encourage different modeling methods for the same problem. (4) The learning mode in the information technology environment makes full use of the computing function, display function and application function of special software packages of computers. To seek the way of modeling and improve the effectiveness of mathematical modeling.