Epidemiological investigation is the abbreviation of epidemiological investigation, and it is a basic work in epidemic response. According to the "People's Republic of China (PRC) infectious disease prevention law" and "public health emergencies emergency regulations".
Disease control personnel are the frontline troops to fight the epidemic. In addition to sampling, testing and disinfection personnel, there are epidemiological professionals responsible for on-site investigation and epidemic analysis. They went to the scene to carry out investigations, communicate face to face with patients, ask patients about their exposure, contact, activity track and medical treatment before and after the onset of the disease, and look for clues related to the source of infection and the route of transmission. This can describe a clear transmission chain and provide a basis for judging close contacts, taking isolation measures and delineating disinfection scope. Therefore, cooperating with the flow control work and providing real and detailed information to the flow control personnel are responsible for the health of themselves and others, and are the key measures to prevent more people from being infected, so as to investigate the close contacts and treat the patients as soon as possible.
Classification:
From the perspective of logical reasoning, people's ways of understanding things can be divided into induction and deduction. "Epidemiology is basically an inductive science" (Frost, 194 1). Epidemiology embodies its induction from two aspects: "description" and "analysis", with emphasis on analysis in description and throughout description in analysis.
Common epidemiological investigation methods in communities
The so-called analytical description is what people often call descriptive epidemiology, which is to group the obtained data according to the characteristics of different regions, different times and different people, and truly show the distribution of diseases, health or health events. Its method is both basic and flexible. People often get inspiration from their conclusions and guide people to further explore and study.
Descriptive analysis, that is, analytical epidemiology, refers to the mature methods such as observation research, experimental research and mathematical model research from the perspective of methodology. In fact, people's in-depth understanding of a health event needs to go through the process of analytical description and descriptive analysis repeatedly. Descriptive analysis can be easily carried out on the basis of analytical description, and when one or more descriptive analyses are completed, a higher-level analytical description is often needed, and so on, until the essence of things is fully revealed, and the leap from concrete description to macro description and from preliminary analysis to in-depth analysis is completed.