1At the end of 1970s, China ushered in the spring of science. Xu Chi's reportage "Goldbach conjecture" swept the country, and Chen Jingrun's name spread all over the country overnight, becoming the hero of China's scientific revival. His achievements in Goldbach conjecture are still leading in the world. After the solution of Fermat's conjecture was published in 1995, the complete solution of Goldbach's conjecture became the main topic faced by mathematicians in the mathematical problems of 2 1 century. Chen Jingrun's number theory is a pure science. What is the value of number theory? On the one hand, in the intellectual Olympics, the winner is king. On the other hand, the world's top number theory experts are devoted to cryptography research, involving national security and corporate secrets. However, there is a gap between China's mathematics and the public. Although Chen Jingrun's scientific spirit is touching, it is generally believed that mathematical knowledge and other scientific languages can only be used as gymnastics to train thinking. As for the contribution of mathematics to economic construction, it is indirect to promote society, and it can't play a leading role. At most, it is a "behind-the-scenes hero". In A.D. 1990, the situation changed gradually, and mathematical technology began to show its power in China. A famous scientific achievement at home and abroad once again became attached to mathematics: Founder Group, with Wang Xuan as its president, developed the printing technology of laser phototypesetting system for Chinese characters. Wang Xuan, 1962, graduated from Peking University Mathematics Department. The printing revolution that he led to bid farewell to "lead and fire" was based on a mathematical technology-"data compression". At present, Founder Group and its partners occupy 99% of the domestic market of Chinese character printing and 70% of the overseas market. Wang Xuan became "one of the most profitable scientists" in China. Mathematics can directly produce economic benefits, which is once again proved by facts. The contribution of mathematics to society has changed from indirect service to direct intervention, that is, the social function of mathematics has changed from simply providing tools for other disciplines to directly creating value.
1940, Britain and the United States established operations research to deal with the threat of German submarines. Relying on mathematical intelligence and operational research can help improve equipment capacity and efficiency without increasing equipment. From 65438 to 0942, Andrei Andrey Kolmogorov of the Soviet Union and Wiener of the United States respectively studied the automatic tracking device of artillery, developed the predictive filtering theory of random process, and improved the air defense efficiency. 1948, Wiener published the famous cybernetics. Starting from 1939, the British mathematician Turing helped the British intelligence department successfully decipher the German code. The American army cracked the Japanese coded telegram and shot down the plane of Japanese general Isoroku Yamamoto. 1944, the game theory founded by von Neumann was used to make tactical decisions in the Pacific War. The "Applied Mathematics Group (AMP)" organized by the U.S. government involves air rocket launch, underwater trajectory, B-52 bomber calculation, etc. Mathematicians participated in the development of the atomic bomb. Polish mathematician S Ulan has made important contributions to the development of hydrogen bombs. 1950, von Neumann and others made a "numerical" weather forecast by computer. 1979 the nobel prize in medicine was awarded to Cormac of the United States and Hunsfield of the United kingdom for designing a CT chromatograph by using the Ladon transform principle in mathematics. 1993, the American digital TV scheme was swept away immediately after its birth, making the analog scheme a piece of waste paper. What supports the digitalization of TV is a mathematical technology-wavelet technology, which can compress huge data to the minimum and make the digital transmission of images possible.
1938, the famous Soviet mathematician Kantrovich created the "linear programming" method, which can make the linear goal reach the optimal under the linear constraint. 197 1 year, Kantrovich and Copeman of the United States won the Nobel Prize in Economics. Western mathematical economics has a history of 100 years. Its basic principle is the general economic equilibrium theory. Samuelson of 1970, Hicks of 1972, Arrow and Debru of 1983. Arrow and Debru are both mathematicians with professional training. Due to the development of western securities market, the research and practice of securities theory has become increasingly prominent in economics, and finally the "Wall Street Revolution" took place. 1990 the nobel prize in economics was awarded to Markevitch, sharp and miller. They study how to invest in various securities to get the maximum return. They turned the vague concepts of income and risk into clear mathematical concepts, and derived important theories such as capital asset pricing model. 1997 the nobel prize in economics was awarded to Shoals and Merton, whose work is related to the option pricing theory. From 65438 to 0997, the National Natural Science Foundation listed financial mathematics as one of the priority disciplines.
First, from linear to nonlinear. Chaos, fractals and dynamical systems have all made rapid progress. Second, from exchange to no exchange. The multiplication of matrix and operator is not interchangeable. Third, learn high-dimensional mathematics from 1 dimension, especially four-dimensional and infinite-dimensional. Fourthly, the opposition and integration, dispersion and connection, locality and integrity between stochastic mathematics and deterministic mathematics. The 2002 International Congress of Mathematicians was held in Beijing, which was a new starting point for China's mathematical progress. May China Mathematics realize the ideal of "2 1 Century Mathematical Power" in by going up one flight of stairs in the new century.