1. Overview of statistics \x0d\ Statistics is a branch of applied mathematics, which mainly uses probability theory to establish mathematical models, collect data from observation systems, make quantitative analysis and summary, and then infer and predict, providing basis and reference for relevant decisions. It is widely used in various disciplines, from physics, social sciences to humanities, and even in industrial and commercial and government information decision-making. \x0d\ Statistics are mainly divided into descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Given a set of data, statistics can summarize and describe these data. This usage is called descriptive statistics. In addition, the observer establishes a mathematical model in the form of data to explain its randomness and uncertainty, thus inferring the steps and matrices in the research. This usage is called inferential statistic. Both of these usages can be called applied statistics. In addition, there is a subject called mathematical statistics, which is devoted to discussing the theoretical basis behind this subject. \x0d\2。 Socioeconomic Statistics \x0d\( 1) Definition \x0d\ Socioeconomic Statistics is a discipline that studies the laws and methods of socio-economic statistical activities. Socio-economic statistics is an investigation and research activity on socio-economic phenomena. It is closely related to the qualitative aspects of things, and the quantitative aspects of social and economic phenomena are investigated and expressed as accurately as possible with digital language. Socio-economic statistics is a social science that studies how to carry out this kind of investigation and research activities. \x0d\(2) Features and sub-disciplines The main features of \x0d\ socio-economic statistics are: ① Quantitative. Including the number of socio-economic phenomena, the quantitative relationship between phenomena and the quantitative boundary of qualitative change. Socio-economic statistics reflect the present situation of these quantitative aspects and their development and change process in a certain quality. ② Totality. That is, the overall quantitative understanding of social and economic phenomena. ③ concreteness. Refers to the quantitative aspects of specific things. It studies the quantitative expression of specific things at a certain time, place and condition. Therefore, it is always closely related to the quality of the phenomenon. ④ Sociality. Socio-economic phenomenon is the condition, process and result of human social activities. They are all conscious social activities of human beings and are related to human interests. The cognitive subject of socio-economic statistics is also social. \x0d\ The results of socio-economic statistical activities are: ① statistical data; ② Statistical methods. In the development of socio-economic statistics, these two achievements have been included in their own research scope. The actual development shows that the research field of socio-economic statistics is gradually developing towards the latter. It has become a methodological discipline to understand the quantitative aspects of social and economic phenomena. \x0d\ Socio-economic statistics is a multidisciplinary subject. Its basic branches are: principles of socio-economic statistics, economic statistics, social statistics, departmental statistics and statistical history. In departmental statistics, it is divided into demographic statistics, agricultural statistics, industrial statistics, education statistics, cultural statistics, health statistics and so on. \x0d\(3) Relationship with other disciplines \x0d\ Except statistics of various departments are closely related to corresponding disciplines, socio-economic statistics are most closely related to philosophy, political economy and mathematics as a whole. \x0d\ In philosophy, the principle that matter is primary, the law of the unity of opposites of things, the universal connection of things and the viewpoint of sustainable development are the basis of many methods discussed in social and economic statistics. Socio-economic statistics are also guided by the economic relations and laws scientifically revealed by socio-economic theory. Such as gross output value, net output value, wages, profits, labor productivity and other specific statistical indicators, all reflect a certain economic category. When determining their concepts and calculation scope, they are also based on the relevant principles expounded by political economy. \x0d\ Socio-economic statistics also uses mathematical methods, including mathematical statistics, for strict quantitative description and quantitative analysis. In social and economic phenomena, many quantitative relations can be studied by a certain mathematical model. Therefore, socio-economic statistics constantly absorb and apply the latest achievements of modern mathematical methods. \x0d\\x0d\3。 Mathematical statistics \ x0d \ Mathematical statistics is to study how to use data collection and data processing, various models and technical analysis, social investigation and statistical analysis. Effectively, and how to infer the frontier of science and technology, major and complex problems in the national economy, and a large number of problems in society and government, so as to infer or predict problems. \x0d\ In short, socio-economic statistics and mathematical statistics are two branches of statistics. Their research objects and research methodologies are the same, but their research scope and theoretical basis are different. It is a prejudice to separate socio-economic statistics from mathematical statistics. That's all.