First, enrich examples, so that students can fully perceive.

In concept teaching, students should be exposed to concepts from various situations to make them easy to understand. For example, when introducing a new concept, it is best to use a large number of objects, facts and examples, and make necessary explanations, so that related things appear continuously and the same stimulus appears repeatedly, and it is easy to distinguish which are important attributes and which are secondary attributes.

Second, grasp the connotation and extension of the concept.

In teaching, help students to establish a clear concept and clarify its connotation and extension. For example, the concept of "divisibility" focuses on guiding students to grasp the connotation that the quotient obtained by dividing the number A by the number B is exactly an integer without remainder. On this basis, the extension of "the two numbers divided are natural numbers, and the quotient is an integer without remainder" is emphasized, and an example is given to illustrate that students can really master it by grasping the connotation and extension teaching.

Third, use "variants" to guide students to understand the essence of concepts.

After students master the concept, they can change the narrative method of the concept and let them understand the concept from different angles and aspects. The expression of concepts can be varied. For example, when talking about the concept of "prime number", it can be said that "there is no other divisor except 1 and its own two divisors, and this number is called prime number". Sometimes you can say "only 65433". In this way, students can understand the same narrative, which shows that their understanding of concepts is thorough and flexible, not rote learning.

Fourth, grasp the counterexample of the concept example.

For some concepts that are difficult for students to understand, first guide students to analyze some examples and counterexamples of related concepts, and then sum up the correct concepts with students, such as "odd and prime numbers" and "even and composite numbers". Students can give several examples to find out the connection and difference between the two numbers in each group, and show some judgment questions for students to make judgments and understand from positive to negative and from negative to positive.

Fifth, grasp the essential attributes of the concept.

For example, when teaching "the understanding of circle", teachers can ask students first: "Which objects we see in our daily life are round in shape?" Under this question, students must be scrambling to answer the teacher's question, so the "circle" has a certain shape in students' minds. In this way, the concept is introduced intuitively and vividly, which provides students with perceptual experience adapted to the concept and guides students to discover its basic attributes. Then, on the basis that students have formed the concept of "circle", the teacher shows the nouns of this concept, making it easier for students to master this similar concept.