Keywords: track and field direction; Master graduate students; Opening report 1. Problems and analysis
At present, there are some problems in the opening report of the postgraduate thesis of track and field in China, which are mainly manifested in the inconsistency between the topic selection and the writing content, the uncertainty of the scientificity and effectiveness of the questionnaire design, the ambiguity of the research focus and the basis and significance of the topic selection, and the unreasonable design of the research framework. The main reasons for this situation are: on the one hand, academic attitude is not rigorous; On the other hand, the topics of track and field graduate students are often humanities and social sciences. Because the topic is divorced from one's major, the knowledge of related disciplines is weak, and finally many problems are exposed. In order to make the master students of track and field in China more clear, accurate and thorough when writing the thesis opening report, the following opinions are summarized, hoping to provide useful reference for the thesis opening work of master students of track and field in China.
(A) literature review is the key to complete high-quality topics.
According to the survey, in recent years, the common problems in writing the opening report of master's degree thesis in track and field in China are: insufficient research on literature, insufficient understanding of research background, incomplete and detailed grasp of the specific progress of research direction at home and abroad, and poor pertinence and comparability of data citation. Some graduate students do not even fully understand the difference between the opening report and the literature review, but describe the previous research work and introduce their own research design very little.
The basic contents of literature review should include: the present situation at home and abroad; Research direction; Progress; There is a problem; Reference basis, etc. Literature review is not only a collation of academic viewpoints and theoretical methods. At the same time, it should be critical, so the author should summarize and comment on the literature with a critical eye, not just the "piling up" of academic research in related fields. If you want to write a good opening report, you must carefully study the literature, have a deep understanding of the research topic, and make clear what others have done and what aspects can be used as the starting point of your own research. Therefore, the depth and breadth of literature research is an important factor affecting the quality of the opening report.
(2) The coverage of the research content is an important symbol of the fineness of the subject.
The coverage of the research content should be concise and thorough, and the focus should be clear. For the thesis opening report, there is a time limit for each person to report, generally between 10 and 15 minutes. In the effective time, it is necessary to make the content of the report clear and control it to be completed within a certain time, which puts higher demands on reporters.
Drawing on the opinions of experts, scholars and professionals in related fields, the main contents of the opening report should include: the basis and significance of the topic, the research status at home and abroad, the way, steps and ideas of the project, the innovation points and expected creative achievements of the project, possible problems in the project process and emergency measures to be taken. The basis and significance of the topic selection should point to the preliminary topic selection, and select representative sentences as the focus of the report according to its research content, reflecting the organization and clarity; When writing the research status at home and abroad, we should pay attention to the hierarchy of content, and classify the summarized documents into three aspects: basic theoretical research, current situation summary and analysis and comparison research. At the same time, we should also pay attention to the standardization of the literature list, and the contents of the list should be arranged in an orderly manner according to the same format and the general law of the development of things.
The approach, steps and ideas of the project are one of the key parts of the opening report, which mainly includes five aspects: research approach, research method, research steps, preliminary paper framework and feasibility analysis. When expounding the research methods, it is necessary to explain which subject knowledge will be used and what perspective will be used as the starting point, and clearly explain the research methods, main research contents, key and difficult points, and the main research methods and means should be explained in detail. The research steps are generally listed from beginning to end according to the expected research procedure of the subject, and divided into stages according to time. As for the preliminary framework of the paper, whether in the opening report or in the writing process of the paper, it should be regarded as an extremely important part, which needs careful consideration and repeated consideration, and should also actively communicate with the tutor to ensure that the preliminary framework is designed more carefully and reasonably. Feasibility analysis should grasp its connotation, clearly explain the existing research conditions, the shortcomings of research conditions and the ways to be solved at this stage. The description of the innovation and expected creative achievements of the project should focus on what research achievements have been accumulated by predecessors in the research field related to the project, what contents have been studied, the focus and differences between the project and others' research, and briefly explain the innovation and the form of achievements around the research objectives.
(C) whether the academic attitude is rigorous is an important factor that restricts the improvement of academic level.
Through interviews with experts in related fields, it is known that the opening report of master's degree thesis in track and field in China is obviously not rigorous academically, which is mainly manifested in the fact that there are many typos and missing words in the opening report, the sentence expression is not smooth and complete, the discussion is not clear, the writing format of references is not standardized, the overall thinking of the opening report writing is not clear, and the key points and difficulties of the research cannot be grasped. This greatly restricts the improvement of academic level. Therefore, in order to improve the academic level and writing ability of track and field postgraduates in China, we must pay attention to the cultivation of scientific research thinking ability and the training of basic skills besides correcting the learning attitude.
Research thinking ability consists of the following three elements: first, thinking, which is the premise of research. If you can't understand the explicable objects when learning materials, the problems that can be discussed in depth when understanding a certain research field, the weak links when learning an academic article, the essence when using other people's theoretical viewpoints, and you can't write a high-quality opening report after collecting a lot of materials. So be good at doubt and be diligent in thinking; Second, accumulation, accumulation is the basis of research, knowledge is accumulated, and with more knowledge reserves, it is easy to become familiar and handy. If you are not good at accumulation and often forget before reading, you will not be able to adapt to further research in the future, so you should be good at accumulation and take good reading notes; Thirdly, as one of the research methods, analysis is both related and different from thinking. Regular thinking is conducive to the improvement of analytical ability, but regular thinking does not mean that analytical ability must be strong, so we should learn to think and grasp the direction of thinking, otherwise the conclusion of thinking will form a contrast and become low-level thinking.
2. Summary
The second part is the opening report of educational research projects.
First, the significance of mathematics classroom game teaching Mathematics teaching is the teaching of mathematics activities, and it is a process of communication, interaction and development between teachers and students. Students are the masters of mathematics learning, and teachers are the organizers, guides and collaborators of students' mathematics learning. Therefore, mathematics is no longer a single boring study. The fun of the game not only encourages students to explore and understand the law, but also makes students taste the endless fun of positive thinking in the process of exploration and understanding, and students' thinking habits, thinking ability and problem-solving methods have been developed. Games with numbers and operation rules are one of the driving forces and ways to stimulate students to explore.
Second, the concrete process of implementing game teaching in mathematics classroom
The game teaching method in the classroom requires the teacher to be both a mentor and a participant, and to sing, dance, play and blend in with the students.
I took a math class in the third grade of a school. There are 27 students in the class, and the students have good learning foundation and study habits. The teaching content is a toss in the "Wide Angle of Mathematics" in the first volume of the Compulsory Education Curriculum Standard Experimental Textbook. The following teaching objectives have been set before teaching: 1. Use games to stimulate students' learning enthusiasm and actively explore the law. 2. Understand the operation principle of the game with the laws of exploration. 3. Explore "the size of possibility" with game methods and rules.
The specific teaching process is as follows:
1. Create game situations to stimulate interest in learning.
Teacher: Children, let's roll a roll and see what the sum of two numbers is. And write them down.
What are the characteristics of the results obtained by students' operation and thinking?
Guide students to draw the conclusion that the minimum sum is 1+ 1=2 and 6+6= 12. Cannot have the sum of 13.
Interest is an emotional cognitive tendency. It is based on the need to know and explore something, is an important driving force to promote people to know things and explore the truth, and is the most active factor in students' learning. According to the characteristics of mathematics and pupils' active, innovative, curious and competitive thinking, we set up game situations, put new knowledge into game activities, and make students eager for new knowledge through games, so that students' attention is in a highly concentrated state, and they can acquire knowledge, develop their abilities and stimulate their interest in games. The teacher's guidance also makes students think about the secrets of the game, which improves the effectiveness of thinking.
2. Stimulate motivation, learn rules and improve interest in learning.
Let's compare teachers and students. If it is 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, the teacher wins, if it is the other 6, you win.
Students operate and record the results to see who can win.
The result must be that the teacher won, and the students were curious and wanted to know why.
The exploration of laws and the unveiling of game secrets greatly improve students' enthusiasm for discovering laws and exploring the unknown, make students feel interesting and cordial in mathematics learning, and improve their interest in mathematics. Exploration is the lifeline of mathematics. The proposition, verification and method of conjecture are the results of students' active participation and cooperative exploration. Although the whole process is smooth sailing, the teacher's proper "hitting a wall" will push the students to success, and the teacher's role is only to induce them one by one. This kind of teaching has cultivated students' spirit of inquiry and gained rich emotional experience in the process of inquiry.
3. Use laws to induce students to be bold in imagination and innovation.
Distribute tables and dice and roll them in pairs. If the total is a few, draw a grid on it and fill in one of the columns, and the game will be over.
Group sending, which are more likely to appear and which are less likely to appear? Why?
Guide the students to draw the following conclusions: 5 can be divided into several and several, 6 can be divided into several and several, and 7 can be divided into several and several.
Applying the rules and methods discovered by students is an affirmation to students. Through the practice of filling out the form, students feel the value of their own exploration, and at the same time, it also reflects the teacher's embodiment of the standard teaching concept. Guide students to associate, eliminate students' dependence, cultivate students' enterprising and self-confident spirit and expand their thinking space. When you encounter a problem, you can immediately relate it to relevant knowledge and find a solution to the problem, which can not only improve your problem-solving ability, but also cultivate and consolidate your innovative thinking ability.
Third, the effectiveness and reflection of the implementation of game teaching in mathematics classroom
The thinking level of primary school students is in the stage of representation and intuition. With a naive and lively nature, he has a "fun" ideological tendency for any novel creative activities. Game teaching caters to the psychological characteristics of primary school students. Teachers purposefully organize students to carry out observation and operation-oriented teaching, so that students can use their hands and brains in the actual operation of posing, spelling, drawing, folding and testing, so as to stimulate their thinking, thus cultivating students' interest in games.
Chapter III Opening Report of Educational Research Projects
I. Type, Purpose and Significance of Research "Mathematics Curriculum Standard for Full-time Compulsory Education" requires students to "be able to actively participate in mathematics learning and be curious and curious about mathematics." In mathematics teaching activities, teachers should help students master effective learning methods, let students actively participate in mathematics activities, cultivate students' interest in learning mathematics, pay attention to students' curiosity and thirst for knowledge, and promote students' all-round, sustained and harmonious development. Scientific learning method is the premise of mastering mathematical knowledge and improving mathematical ability. Guiding students to establish effective learning methods in a planned, step-by-step, phased and hierarchical manner is the basis for helping students to construct mathematical thinking methods and cultivate students' active and independent learning, which has far-reaching significance for cultivating students' mathematical ability and sustainable development. Interest is the most realistic and active component of learning motivation, and it is also a necessary factor to learn mathematics well. Therefore, paying attention to and cultivating students' interest in mathematics learning is the key content of mathematics teaching. This is the purpose of this study.
Second, the research status, level and development trend at home and abroad
At present, there are abundant research results about cooperative learning, autonomous learning, research learning and open learning of primary school students' mathematics at home and abroad, and the theory of cultivating primary school students' interest in mathematics learning has also become a trend of contention. However, in view of regional differences and individual differences of students, its specific pertinence is still lacking. It is necessary for us to find a set of teaching methods suitable for the guidance of mathematics learning methods and the cultivation of learning interest of primary school students in this area.
Third, the theoretical basis of the research.
Constructivism theory, action research theory.
Fourth, the basic content of the study.
It is the basic content of this study to explore the law of primary school students' mathematics learning methods and feasible and scientific mathematics learning methods, and to reveal students' interest can stimulate mathematics learning methods.
Fifth, research methods.
The core method of this topic is action research, supplemented by literature research, investigation, case tracking and experiment. First of all, under the guidance of experts, the current primary school mathematics learning methods are screened and sorted out, and the weaknesses of the current primary school mathematics interest cultivation methods are analyzed, so as to rebuild the learning method guidance and interest cultivation theory and explore new education and teaching models. Then, experts, college educators and front-line teachers practice and discuss together, and cooperate in the trinity to establish and exchange the teaching practice of the experimental school, adjust the deviation in the research process in time, and record the successful experience. Through the action research of two academic years, and the evaluation data of the experimental class and the control class at the end of the semester and at the end of the semester, this paper makes a process evaluation and qualitative analysis, sums up the research experience, forms the phased results of the research report on primary school students' mathematics learning methods and interests, and puts forward guiding opinions to popularize to teachers.
Six, the implementation cycle, steps and expected results of the study
Project research implementation period: July 20xx ~ June 20xx 65438+February 1.
Preparation stage: July 20xx ~ June 20xx 65438+ 10.
Set up a research group, collect relevant data, exchange and discuss the experience of primary school mathematics teaching and interest cultivation, formulate research plans and plans, reconstruct the theory of mathematics teaching and interest cultivation, and start investigation and research.
Experimental stage: from March 20xx to June 20xx, 65438+1October is divided into two stages:
The first stage: from March 20xx to June 65438+10, through the exchange of experience, the teaching practice was carried out on the guidance and interest cultivation of * * * construction school mathematics, and the experimental class and the control class were selected, with other classes in the same grade as external reference. The teaching of the experimental class focuses on the guidance of mathematics learning methods and the cultivation of interest, while the control class uses conventional teaching methods to carry out the first stage of action research, perfecting the teaching theory of mathematics learning methods and interest cultivation.
The second stage: March 20xx to June 20xx, 65438+ 10. On the basis of the first stage, the teaching methods of mathematics learning guidance and interest cultivation were further improved, and the experimental teachers designed their own lectures under the guidance of experts and university educators, and recorded the research process. The second stage of the final evaluation, summing up experience and drawing the final conclusion.
End stage:
12 from March 20xx to February 20xx, sort out all kinds of materials to form research results, and invite education leaders and relevant teaching and research personnel of brother schools to evaluate, popularize and learn from them.
Expected results: the research report on the guidance of primary school students' mathematics learning methods and the cultivation of interest is formed and the topic is concluded; Participants in the experiment wrote their own research papers.