Guangxi Zhaoping
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Based on the ancient astronomical measurement technique written in Qingnangjing [1], this paper discusses the connotation and significance of the newly discovered cultural relic patterns in archaeology, and makes clear the origin of the world astronomical history. The earliest country was China. 1, revealing the technical principle of calendar measurement; 2. Technical contact with documents and cultural relics; 3. Comparing the time of foreign Egyptian astronomical history with that of China astronomical and technical material evidence yearbook, it shows that Chinese astronomical history is the earliest in the world.
Key words: calendar, technology, use, earliest, motherland.
Ogata
At present, the research and discussion on astronomical calendars are mostly based on ancient calendar astronomy such as ancient Egypt, Babylon, India, Persia, Maya and Inca in South America. There are dozens of calendars used in the world, the most important of which are Gregorian calendar, Hijri calendar and Buddhist calendar, which are the so-called three calendars. In ancient China, the tropic of Capricorn was the year unit and the moon was the month unit, which was a combined calendar of yin and yang with both solar and lunar calendars. It is generally believed that the use of "calendar" originated in Egypt. Calendar was used in ancient China, which is said to have appeared in Fuxi era (100000 years ago), and the Yellow Emperor initiated the calendar. However, the early calendar now only leaves some legends, which is difficult to study in depth. Naturally, it will not be compared with other countries' well-founded astronomical calendars.
However, according to my attempt to interpret an ancient classic "Qingnangjing", I found that this book is an important and rare document that records the theory of how to calculate the ancient astronomical calendar technology in China. The content of astronomical surveying and mapping technology recorded in this document is the most detailed and complete ancient document in calendar astronomy books I have ever seen, and it is also the only great theoretical work in the world that records the principle of astronomical calendar measurement technology. Knowing the importance of this book is extraordinary. So, I made a special trip to Beijing to find Chen, an expert in ancient astronomy, and got Chen's inspiration and guidance. Subsequently, the reliability of the measurement technology recorded in the book was verified and the corresponding experiments were made. By consulting and comparing the archaeological data and pictures recently published by the archaeological community, it is found that the carved patterns of unearthed astronomical cultural relics are consistent with the theoretical content of surveying and mapping technology described in the book. On the basis of many years' textual research on the depicting patterns of cultural relics, it is fully explained that the country that invented and used astronomical calendars at the earliest was our great motherland-China.
Firstly, the principle and method of calendar measurement technology are revealed.
Through the in-depth study of the literature of Qingnangjing, it is found that "Liu Yi * * * School, Erqitong; March eighth is a friend, forty-nine is a friend, and fifty is the same. " Digital recording content is a technical principle argot of measurement, which expresses the digital sequence diagram of five sun high points and shadow points measured by "soil return method" The author made corresponding technical experiments on the reliability of astronomical measurement technology recorded in the book. There is no doubt that the technical content recorded in this book is credible. This paper briefly introduces the contents of astronomical calendar measurement technology in ancient books of Qing Dynasty.
It is stated in the book that the content of the relationship between man and heaven lies in the application of measuring astronomical technology. The ancient ancestors' understanding of the contradiction between themselves and nature mainly lies in their understanding of "heaven and earth". Therefore, the book regards the observed "heaven" as a circle and "earth" as a square (combining the distant polar horizon seen from the left and right, the same distance line ends). Heaven and earth are on the horizon. Theoretically, it is straight, equidistant and concentric. Analysis: A square is divided into four triangles by a circle. Every triangle has two equidistant lines, so a square has eight sides. The square gives the directional effect and the circle gives the observation range. The book holds that both of them can be used as surveying and mapping means and are necessary theoretical basis. On the basis of this theory, taking the summer solstice of the Tropic of Cancer as an example, the whole process of the surveying technology of "setting up a standard to measure shadow" is expounded. In fact, "coordinate shadow measurement" is a detection technology that uses the laws of sun movement and human movement to draw with the shadow of poles, analyzes the principle and technology, calculates the movement period between the sun and the earth, and formulates the calendar. The end of the shadow line measured by the "soil gauge method" technology completely passes through it, which is an inverted "S"-shaped pipeline figure, and the overall shape is like a double Ye Luo Xuan paddle with an inner flat and an outer circle. Then according to the rising and falling law of the sun, draw seven points equally on a straight line. If marked in a straight line on the anti-S-shaped assembly line, it looks like the "Big Dipper" figure in the sky from the point distribution shape. This is the original basis of calendar measurement division.