In ancient times, Sichuan was the seat of ancient Shu and Pakistan. Most of them are Shu, and the Three Gorges generation is Pakistan. Du Yu was the King of Shu in the late Western Zhou Dynasty. In the early Spring and Autumn Period, the king of Shu was Master Roshi.
In 3 19 BC, King Qin Huiwen destroyed Shu. Sichuan belongs to the state of Qin. Li Bing, Shu Han of Qin State, built Dujiangyan.
During the reign of Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty, Wen Weng became the prefect of Shu County, built a school and set up a Wen Weng room.
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Yizhou (Sichuan) was divided by Ada and Liu Zhang (189 ~2 14). Later, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor in Chengdu, known as "Shu Han" in history (22 1 ~263). The territory of Shu and Han includes most of Chongqing, Sichuan and Yunnan, all of Guizhou, and a small part of Shaanxi and Gansu provinces. Form a situation in which Wei, Shu and Wu are divided into three parts. Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of Shu and Han dynasties, made great efforts to govern the social economy of Shu and Han dynasties.
In the first year of Yan Xing, the queen of Shu Han Dynasty (263), Shu was destroyed by Wei. Soon, Sima Yan established the Jin Dynasty.
At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, in the third year of Yongxing (306), Li Xiong proclaimed himself emperor in Chengdu, with the title of "Dacheng". In the fourth year of Xiankang in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (338), Li Xiong's nephew, Li Shou, changed his name to "Han" and was called "Cheng Han" in history. Han Cheng is the earliest established country among the sixteen countries, and its territory covered the Sichuan Basin and some surrounding areas in its heyday.
From the third year of Yonghe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (347 years) to the first year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (58 1 year), Sichuan was ruled by eight regimes: Eastern Jin Dynasty, former Qin Dynasty, Qiao Zong, Southern Song Dynasty, Qi Liang Dynasty, Northern Western Wei Dynasty and Northern Zhou Dynasty. Due to political turmoil and frequent wars, the social economy is basically at a standstill.
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Sichuan's society was stable and its economy entered its heyday. There was a saying that "promoting one benefits two". During the Anshi Rebellion, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty took refuge in Shu. Later, many monarchs in the Tang Dynasty took refuge in Shu, such as Tang Dezong, who fled Zhu Qi's rebellion, and Tang Xizong, who fled Huang Chao's uprising.
In the fourth year of Tang Tianyou (907), when the Tang Dynasty perished, Wang Jian and Meng Zhixiang successively established the pre-Shu regime and the post-Shu regime in Sichuan, which lasted 18 years and 3 1 year respectively. Both pre-Shu and post-Shu adopted the policy of recuperation, and Sichuan was once the most prosperous area in China because it was not involved in the Central Plains struggle. In the third year of Gande in the Northern Song Dynasty (965), Song Jun destroyed Houshu.
During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, there were many large-scale peasant uprisings in Sichuan, such as Wang Xiaobo and Li Shun. Nevertheless, compared with other parts of the country, Sichuan is relatively stable, which makes the social economy develop continuously and becomes the rear area of resisting gold and Mongolia in Song Dynasty. The half-century-long war in Sichuan at the beginning of Yuan Dynasty caused huge economic losses.
In the fourth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (137 1), the Ming Dynasty sent troops to bring Sichuan into the territory of the Ming Dynasty. Besides Chongqing and Sichuan provinces, it also includes Zunyi, northeastern Yunnan and northwestern Guizhou. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Peasant Rebels entered Sichuan and established the "Daxi" regime in Sichuan (1644 ~ 1646), with Chengdu as its western capital. For more than 30 years in the early Qing Dynasty, Sichuan was in a state of war until the twentieth year of Kangxi (168 1).
In the twenty-fourth year of Kangxi, Huguang filled Sichuan. From the end of Song Dynasty to the beginning of Qing Dynasty, under the unprecedented war, the population of Sichuan dropped sharply and the economy was depressed. As a result, the imperial court carried out two large-scale immigration movements in the early Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty, which was called "Huguang filling Sichuan". The two migration movements have enabled Sichuan, which is sparsely populated, to acquire a large number of laborers, and its social economy has been rapidly restored.
1840, the Opium War opened the curtain of China's modern history, but it was not until 1895 that Li Hongzhang and Ito Bowen, a representative of the Japanese government, signed the treaty of shimonoseki, which stipulated that Chongqing, the gateway of Sichuan, was opened as a trading port. Sichuan social natural economy gradually collapsed and semi-colonized, and national capitalism began to sprout in Sichuan.
In the 65438+60s of 2009, Shi Dakai entered Sichuan, followed by the Chengdu Religious Plan and the Boxer Uprising. The movement of protecting roads in Sichuan became the fuse of the Revolution of 1911.
19 1 1 year, Chengdu established a military government independently; In the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), the first-level organizational system was abolished and changed to provincial capital, state, Ministry and county. 19 13, Yuan Shikai attempted to restore the imperial system, implemented "separate rule between the army and the people", abandoned provinces and diverted roads, and divided Sichuan into seven channels: western Sichuan, southern Sichuan, southern Sichuan, northern Sichuan, eastern Sichuan, eastern Sichuan and western Sichuan, and later changed the five channels in the basin to Xichuan, Jianchang, Yongning and Jialing. At the same time, the government, state and hall were abolished and the county was changed into the Tao. 19 14, the eastern and western boundaries were cut off, and 30 counties west of Kangding county were designated as special areas along the Sichuan River (including Changdu area west of Jinsha River), which was controlled by Sichuan Province.
During the Republic of China, warlords in Sichuan fought in melee, with more than 480 wars from 19 12 to 1933. The warlords in Sichuan, big and small, go their own way. 1935, the Kuomintang Central Army entered Sichuan. In order to "suppress * * *" and closely monitor local revolutionary activities, Sichuan was divided into 18 administrative supervision area and Xikang administrative supervision area (formerly a special area near Sichuan), and Chongqing was set up (later became the wartime capital and was promoted to a municipality directly under the central government). In 1939, the new county system was implemented, and towns and villages were separated. In the same year, the former Xikang Administrative Supervision District merged with the 17th and 18th Administrative Supervision Districts in Sichuan, and Xikang Province was established, and Sichuan and Kang were divided and ruled. In the same year, Zigong City was added.
During the Second Revolutionary Civil War, the first, second and fourth armies of the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants successively marched into Sichuan. 1February 1932 to1April 1935, the Red Fourth Front Army established the Sichuan-Shaanxi revolutionary base area in the northeast of Sichuan and the border area with Shaanxi, covering an area of more than 42,000 square kilometers and a population of 7 million. It was the second largest revolutionary base area in China at that time.
With the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, various industrial and mining enterprises, universities and cultural groups along the coast of China have also moved to Sichuan, and Sichuan has once again become the rear area of China. At the same time, 3 million Sichuan troops went out of Sichuan to fight Japanese aggression and made outstanding contributions to War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.
1949 65438+On February 27th, China People's Liberation Army entered Chengdu. 1952, the Central People's Government of People's Republic of China (PRC) abolished the administrative regions of East Sichuan, West Sichuan, South Sichuan and North Sichuan, and restored the organizational system of Sichuan Province. 1In July, 954, Chongqing was reintegrated into Sichuan Province and changed to a provincial city. 1955, Xikang Province was abolished and the east of Jinsha River was transferred to Sichuan Province.
During the period of 1960, Sichuan Province was one of the key areas for the third-line construction in People's Republic of China (PRC), and many large enterprises moved to Sichuan from the northeast and coastal areas, making great contributions to the local economy of Sichuan.
From 65438 to 0997, Chongqing, Fuling, Wanxian and Qianjiang in Sichuan Province were separated from Sichuan Province to form a new municipality-Chongqing.
After the western development since 1990s, Sichuan Province is now one of the best developed provinces in western China.
Ancient celebrities in Sichuan
Lei Zu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan, invented sericulture.
Li Bing, the prefect of Shu County in Qin Dynasty, was good at water conservancy, and Dujiangyan was his masterpiece.
Wen Weng, the prefect of Shu County in Han Dynasty, founded Wen Weng Shishi, the first official school in China.
Luoxiahong (140 -87), a native of Langzhong, Sichuan, was a historian of the Western Han Dynasty.
Sima Xiangru (179- 1 17), a native of Chengdu, Sichuan, was a writer in the Han Dynasty and was good at Han Fu.
Zhuo Wenjun, a native of Qionglai, Sichuan, was a talented woman in the Han Dynasty.
Yang Xiong (53 years ago-18), born in Chengdu, Sichuan, was a philosopher and writer in the Han Dynasty.
Chen Shou (233-297), a native of Nanchong, Sichuan Province, is a historian of the Western Jin Dynasty. He is the author of Zhuge Jiliang and The History of the Three Kingdoms.
Wu Zetian (624-705), a native of Guangyuan, Sichuan, was the only female emperor in the history of China.
Yuan Tiangang: A native of Chengdu, Yizhou in the early Tang Dynasty, one of the two great alchemists in the early Tang Dynasty, an astronomer and a magician of Yin and Yang. As representative works, TuiBei Tu, Liu Ren Lei, Five Elements Physiognomy, and Weighing the Bone to Kill, etc., have had a far-reaching impact on the later Yi studies.
Chen Ziang (66 1-702), a native of Shehong, Sichuan, was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. He once wrote a famous article on the Youzhou rostrum.
Li Bai (70 1-762), a native of Jiangyou, Sichuan, was the first poet in ancient China.
Huang Quan (903-965), a native of Chengdu, Sichuan Province, was a painter in Xishu during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, and created the meticulous flower-and-bird painting school in China.
Su Shunqin (1008- 1048), a native of Zhongjiang, Sichuan, was a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty.
Su Xun (1009- 1066), a native of Meishan, Sichuan, was a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty and one of the "Eight Great Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties".
Su Shi (1037-11year), a native of Meishan, Sichuan Province, was the first writer in the Song Dynasty and one of the "Eight Great Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties".
Su Zhe (1039-112), a native of Meishan, Sichuan, was a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty and one of the "Eight Great Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties".
Wei Liaoweng (1 178—1237), a native of Pujiang, Sichuan, was a philosopher in the Southern Song Dynasty and a master of Shu studies.
Qin (1202- 126 1 year), a mathematician from Anyue, Sichuan, is the inventor of Nine Chapters, Chinese remainder theorem and Qin algorithm.
Yang Shen (1488- 1559), a native of Chengdu, Sichuan Province, was a writer in the Ming Dynasty and one of the three great talents in the Ming Dynasty. He wrote "Rolling the Yangtze River and Passing Water to the East ...".
Li (1734—1803), a native of Mianyang, Sichuan, was an official and scholar in the Qing Dynasty.
Liu Guangdi (1859—1898), a native of Fushun, Sichuan, was an official of the Qing Dynasty and one of the six gentlemen of the 1898 Movement.
Yang Rui (1855-1September 28th, 898) was born in Mianzhu County, Sichuan Province. One of the six gentlemen in the Reform Movement of 1898, a reformist in the late Qing Dynasty. [14] Famous figures in Sichuan from modern times to contemporary times
During the Revolution of 1911: Wu, Long Mingjian, Pu Dianjun.
Period of Beiyang Government: Yin, Chen Yi, Cai E, Dai Kan, Yang Shukan, Zhang Lan, Liu Xiang, Liu Cunxun, Yang Sen, Deng Xihou and Lai Xinhui.
During the National Government: Xie Chi, Lai Xinhui, Liu, Liu Xiang, Wang Zuxu, Zhang Qun, Deng Xihou and Wang.
People's Republic of China (PRC): Zhu De, Chen Yi, Liu Bocheng, Nie, Luo Ruiqing, Huang Jiguang, Qiu, Guo Moruo, Yang, Zhang Aiping, Liao, Li Jingquan, Zhang Guohua, Liu Xingyuan, Tan Qilong, Yang Rudai, Xie Shijie, Li, Zhang Guohua, Liu Dazhang.
Deng Xiaoping (1904- 1997), a native of Guang 'an, Sichuan, was a Marxist, a proletarian revolutionary, politician, strategist and diplomat, and also one of the main leaders of China People's Liberation Army and People's Republic of China (PRC). He is the chief architect of China's socialist reform, opening up and modernization, and founded Deng Xiaoping Theory.
Zhu De (1886- 1976), the word jade step. Yilong people in Sichuan.
Proletarian revolutionist, politician and strategist, one of the main founders and leaders of China Production Party, China People's Liberation Army and People's Republic of China (PRC). China people's top ten marshals.
Liu Bocheng (1892~ 1986), formerly known as Liu Bojian [15]. 1892 65438+Born in Kaixian County, Sichuan Province on February 4th. China revolutionary, strategist, military theorist, one of the founders and leaders of China People's Liberation Army, Marshal People's Republic of China (PRC).
Chen Yi (190 1- 1972), whose real name was born in 190 1 People from Lezhi County, Sichuan Province. Marshal People's Republic of China (PRC) is a proletarian revolutionary, politician, strategist, diplomat and poet.
Luo Ruiqing (1906— 1978), born in Nanchong, Sichuan, is a general, proletarian revolutionary and strategist. Founder of the Ministry of Public Security, the first Minister of Public Security. One of People's Republic of China (PRC)'s top ten founding generals.
Zhang Aiping (19 10~2003) was a great immortal in Sichuan. Proletarian revolutionaries and military strategists organized and led the "two bombs and one satellite". He has served as Chief of Staff of East China Military Region, Vice Premier the State Council, Director of National Defense Science and Technology Commission and Minister of National Defense.
Liang Guanglie,/kloc-0, born in February, 1940, was born in Santai, Sichuan. He is currently a member of the Central Military Commission, State Councilor and Minister of National Defense, with the rank of general.
Liu Xiang (1888- 1938), a native of Dayi, Sichuan, was a warlord of the Republic of China, and was one of the four giants in Sichuan (Liu Xiang, Liu, Deng Xihou and Tian), and was known as the "King of Sichuan".
Other celebrities
Yan, [16] Wang Guangqi, Zhao Yiman, Ba Jin, Yu Peilun, Zhang Daqian, Fan Shaozeng, Fan Changjiang, Xu Zhongshu, Zhang Xiushu, Alai, Gao Min, Liang Yan, Chen Longcan and Zhang Shan.
Young celebrities
Hu Yunhui is one of the top ten outstanding young people in the world, a famous young entrepreneur and singer in the global Chinese community and Asia.
Chen Xiaoyi (actor): Foreign Girl, Couple on the Way, Great Craftsman, Love is Hard, etc.
Jenny (actress): Seeing the curtain of another dream and so on.
Zhang Xinyi (actor): Give me a cigarette, there is nowhere to put our youth and the legend of the wind.
Le Tong Jia (actor): It's raining hard, etc.
Chris Lee (singer): See you at the next intersection. Shu embroidery, pink, like you, why me, and so on.
Che Li Yong (actor): Love Calls Transfer, Governor Joe and His Daughters, etc.
Nana (host): Happy Camp.
Love (singer): breaking up with loneliness
Baochai in A Dream of Red Mansions is in Chengdu, Sichuan and Zhang Li.
Shu Chang (actor): Lotus lantern, magic mobile phone, etc.
Yue Hong (actor): Wild Mountain, We'll see, etc.
Dai Rao (singer): A story is a story, and the sky is above people.
Purba Rgyal (actor): Prince of Himalaya, Battle of Peiping, etc.
,,, Luo Jing, Wang, Liu, Zhang,,,,, Jason, Guo Feng, Jijie, I love you, etc.
democratic
Zhang Lan, (1872 ~ 1955), male, from Nanchong, Sichuan (now from Lianchi Township, Xichong County), is a nationalist, patriot and educator.
Wu, (1878 ~ 1966), male, formerly known as Yongshan, born in Caijiayan, Shuangshiqiao, Rong County, Zigong City, Sichuan Province, is a revolutionary, educator and founder of Renmin University.
Jiang Zhujun (alias: Jie Jiang), (1920 ~ 1949), formerly known as Jiang Zhujun, was born in Jiangjiawan, Dashanpu Town, Jin Kui District, Zigong City, Sichuan Province on August 20th, 920.