Arabic numerals, also known as decimal numerals, are a decimal-based numeral system, which consists of ten digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. Arabic numerals are widely used in the world, not only in the field of mathematics, but also in many fields such as calculation, science, business and daily life.

The characteristics of Arabic numerals include:

1, state system: Arabic numerals use state system, and the position of each digit represents a different order of magnitude. From right to left are units, ten, hundreds, thousands, etc. The number of each position is multiplied by the corresponding power of 10.

2. Introduction of zero: Arabic numerals introduced zero (0), which was not found in other ancient digital systems. The existence of zero makes the representation of numbers more accurate and makes calculation and recording more convenient.

3. Modular structure: The modular structure of Arabic numerals makes the representation and calculation of numbers simple. By combining different numbers, you can represent numbers of any size and perform basic arithmetic operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

4. Universality: Arabic numerals are a universal number system, which can be easily understood and used by people regardless of language, country and culture. This universality makes Arabic numerals the most widely accepted digital system in the world.

Arabic numerals can be traced back to ancient India. With the passage of time, Arabic numerals spread to the Arab world, hence the name. In Europe, Arabic numerals have replaced Roman numerals as the main numerical representation. The introduction of this digital system has greatly promoted the development of mathematics and scientific progress.

In modern society, Arabic numerals are widely used in various fields, such as:

1, Mathematics: Arabic numerals are the basis of mathematics, which are used to represent numbers, perform calculations and solve problems.

2. Computer science: Binary is used in computers, but people usually use Arabic numerals to interact with computers for programming and data processing.

3. Finance: In the financial field, currency, interest rate and stock price are calculated with Arabic numerals.

4. Commerce: Arabic numerals are used for accounting, statistics and statements in commerce.

5. Science: Arabic numerals are used for data analysis and experimental results representation in scientific research.