12. Some scholars think that Niu Geng may have appeared as early as Shang Dynasty. The most favorable evidence for him is that
A. Cattle bones have been unearthed in the ruins of Shang Dynasty.
B. there is a description of farming life in the book of songs.
C. Confucius' student Ran Geng is called Bo Niu, and there are two words in his name: Geng and Niu.
D. Ancient philologists found that there are words in Oracle Bone Inscriptions that show the shape of a cow pulling a plow to open the soil.
Analysis: Inscription: Shang Dynasty and Niu Geng. Item A "ox bone" is not equal to "Niu Geng", so it is excluded; The Book of Songs includes poems from the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period, excluding B; Confucius student Ran Geng was born in the Spring and Autumn Period, excluding C; Oracle Bone Inscriptions wrote it in the Yin and Shang Dynasties, and the sentence "Cows pull plows to open the soil" indicates that Niu Geng may have appeared at that time, so the correct answer is D.
Answer: d
13. The phenomenon that "vassals have to eat, clothe, pay taxes and rent, but are not allowed to govern" reflects that.
A. Consolidate the enfeoffment system B. Strengthen centralization
C. The demise of patriarchal clan system D. The weakening of absolute monarchy
Analysis: When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty established the attached interest law, the vassals got only food, clothing, taxes and rent, and no political affairs. This phenomenon shows the weakening of vassal power and reflects the strengthening of centralization in Han Dynasty. The correct option is B.
Answer: b
14. some people commented on the political system at that time: if the prime minister system had not been abolished, the prime minister would have admonished the monarch with the virtue of ancient sages and sages, and the monarch would not be unscrupulous. On this basis, he thinks
A. Limiting monarchical power B. Weakening relative power
C. Implement a constitutional monarchy D. Abolish the system of three provinces and six counties
Analysis: material significance: under the condition of prime minister system, the prime minister will persuade the monarch with the virtue of ancient sages and sages, and can restrict the monarch to a certain extent and choose A.
A: A.
15. Figure 5 is a poster of a certain period, from which we can see that
A. The author opposes Yuan Shikai's dictatorship and traitorous behavior.
B. the author propagandizes the anti-Japanese national United front.
C. The Kuomintang reinterpreted the Three People's Principles
D. the may fourth movement has a broad mass base.
Analysis: Pay attention to the title "The First Army of the National Revolutionary Army" at the bottom of the picture. The First Army of the National Revolutionary Army was founded in August 1925. Originated from the teaching regiment of Huangpu Military Academy, it is the main force of the Central Army of the National Government, so the correct answers are C. Yuan Shikai's dictatorship and traitorous behavior (1 912-16), the anti-Japanese national united front (1year after Japan launched the war of aggression against China), and the May 4th Movement (.
Answer: c
16 Zhou Enlai said: "* * * international leading comrades are still worried that we are too far away from the working class. I said that after a long struggle in the countryside, under the leadership of Comrade Mao Zedong, we can be completely proletarian, and some international comrades made a big fuss after listening to it. " The correct understanding of this passage is
A. The working class in China has not yet entered the political arena.
B. * * * Production International opposes farmers' participation in the China Revolution.
China pursues an independent foreign policy of peace.
D. China * * * Production Party adheres to Marxism in China www.xkb 1.com.
Analysis: According to what I have learned, the "training through long-term struggle in rural areas" in the materials refers to the road of armed separation of workers and peasants, that is, the China * * * production party insisted on the China of Marxism and chose D. China working class 19 19 May 4th Movement to enter the political arena, excluding A; * * * The leading comrades of Production International are worried that the revolution is too far away from the working class, and they do not oppose the participation of farmers in the China Revolution, excluding B; The material has nothing to do with foreign policy, and C is obviously wrong.
Answer: d
17. on the eve of the first national people's congress, the slogan of mobilizing the masses to publicize and discuss the draft constitution is as follows
A. "Struggle to consolidate the new democratic system"
"B." Adhere to the policy of "letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend". "
C. "Struggle for the successful realization of socialism in China"
D. "Warmly celebrate the basic establishment of the socialist social system"
Analysis: In order to ensure the smooth political transition from new democracy to socialism, New China held the first National People's Congress and formulated the Constitution of People's Republic of China (PRC), so the correct answer is C. On the eve of the first congress, that is, 1954 years ago, B( 1956 put forward the policy of "letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend") and D.
Answer: c
On 18. 152 1, a representative of the Pope argued with Martin Luther that faith cannot be firmly based on the Bible. Because the Bible, like soft wax, can make everyone twist or pull at will. "Their main difference is that
A. is faith necessary
C. Can the Bible be the basis of faith D. Can believers be saved by faith alone?
Analysis: Martin Luther preached "justification by faith" and advocated that faith in the Bible and God can save you. The Pope preached "justification by deeds" and believed that faith could not be firmly established in the Bible. Therefore, the main difference between them lies in whether believers can choose D only by believing in salvation. Both of them regard the Bible as the basis of faith and reject C.
Answer: the new curriculum standard d first network.
19.65438+65438 At the end of 2008 and the beginning of 2009, a western literary school "artistically described the restless, sensitive and delicate spiritual world of people in this particular era, showing the self with a strong desire for personality expansion". Its creative style is
A. Realism B. Romanticism C. Classicism D. Rationalism
Analysis: According to the materials of "65438+65438 at the end of 2008+early 2009" and "strong personality", it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that his creative style is romantic. Romantic literature came into being at the end of18th century and reached its peak in the first half of19th century. The most disturbing realism is1the literary trend of thought that first appeared in France, Britain and other places in the 1930s, excluding A.
Answer: b
20 "New forces and new theories are constantly emerging, challenging orthodox liberalism in the19th century. Utopia and other socialists have fired several rows of small guns, and now it is the turn of the cannon to fire. " "Cannon" is
A. Enlightenment B. Biological evolution C. Scientific socialism D. Utopian socialism
Analysis:19th Century Challenging Orthodox Liberalism shows that after the industrial revolution, the drawbacks of the capitalist system were exposed, when the utopian social system was criticized and reformed and other socialists rose. Artillery should be the birth of Marxism, so choose C.
Answer: c
2 1 Roosevelt During the New Deal, the US government encouraged the following behaviors.
A. capitalists improve workers' treatment B. foreigners go to the United States for employment
C.people keep their money at home. D. farmers expand production scale.
Analysis: Roosevelt's New Deal standardized industrial production and labor relations, so the government encouraged capitalists to improve the treatment of workers, and chose A. to rectify finance, restore bank credit, and eliminate C; Restrict agricultural production and exclude D; Organize public works and social relief, solve the unemployment problem and eliminate B.
A: A.
Some scholars said: "The design intention of the Soviet system is to make an extremely backward and underdeveloped country embark on the road of industrialization as soon as possible ... Although this system is inefficient and wasteful, it still achieves the above goals." According to this, we can see that this scholar
A. think Stalin's model is reasonable
B. agree with Lenin's new economic policy
C. objectively evaluated the wartime capitalist policy.
D. Denying the necessity of Khrushchev's change
Analysis: "(Soviet Union) ... Although this system is inefficient and wasteful, it has achieved the above goals after all. (Industrialization) "Accordingly, the scholar thinks that Stalin's model is reasonable.
A: A.
23 1962 A French newspaper said that President Charles de Gaulle should always be ready to show his diplomatic trump card with a large amount of dollars in his hand and put pressure on the United States by buying gold from the United States. The US government attaches great importance to this and thinks that "the dollar held by France is both a political issue and an economic issue", which reflects this point.
The trend of world multipolarization, the development of non-aligned movement, the challenge of Bretton Woods system and France's resistance to Marshall Plan.
A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
Analysis: The "dollars held by France" in the material reflects that after World War II, Western Europe began to unite, the economy overtook the American economy, and the Bretton Woods system faced challenges. At the same time, it has politically impacted the hegemonic position of the United States and the trend of world multipolarization. The Non-Aligned Movement has nothing to do with France, and the materials cannot reflect France's boycott of the Marshall Plan, excluding ② and ④.
Answer: b
Second, non-multiple choice questions: this big question ***2 small questions, out of 52 points.
38.(25 points) The daily life of all beings is an important part of history, from which we can see the trajectory of social changes. Read the following materials and answer the questions according to what you have learned.
Material 1:/kloc-In the 6th century, a spicy condiment from America was introduced to Europe, which brought a new flavor to the European diet and became very popular, mainly due to the Dutch-according to the European cultural history.
Material 2: "The decline of Huizhou merchants in the late Qing Dynasty became more and more serious. Today, I try to enter a family and see that people who use it every day, whether it is a necessity or a luxury, always come from other countries. "
Material 3: At the end of 2005, American financial journalist Sarah discovered that her shoes, socks, toys, lamps and other items were made in China, and so were most other ordinary American families. Xk b 1.co m
-According to A Year Made in China
What is the historical background of the phenomenon described by (1) material 1? (6 points)
(2) What is the meaning of "old industry" in Material 2? Briefly describe the historical relationship between its decline and the industrial revolution. (9 points)
(3) What Sarah found in Material 3 was unimaginable in 1950s and 1960s. Why? What is the historical reason why China products later entered ordinary American families in large quantities? (10)
Reference answer
(1) new route opened; Spain's colonial expansion and plunder of America; /kloc-in the 0/7th century, the Netherlands became a "sea coachman". (6 points)
(2) Traditional handicraft industry. (2 points) Countries such as Britain and France became industrial countries through the industrial revolution; External expansion, China was invaded; (4 points) Foreign goods produced in large quantities by machines are cheap and good quality, and flood into China, seriously impacting the traditional handicraft industry. (3 points)
(3) During the Cold War in 1950s and 1960s, China and the United States were hostile; China's economy is relatively backward. (4 points) Normalization of Sino-US relations after 1970s; The trend of economic globalization is strengthening; China's reform and opening up has become a manufacturing power; China's entry into WTO. (6 points)
Score means that if the candidate's answer is beyond the main point but reasonable, he can give points within the total score of each question as appropriate.
39.(27 points) Changes in words and concepts can provide important information for exploring history. Read the following materials in advance and ask questions according to what you have learned.
Material 1: In China, the translation of science has experienced the change from "Gezhi" to "science". In ancient China, the word "science" originally existed. For example, in the Song Dynasty, there was a saying that "since the prosperity of science, people who have learned in the world have often been trapped in a day's work, or even died of old age or never met each other". In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, it was influenced by ancient "teachers". At that time, people translated science into "Gezhi". /kloc-after the mid-9th century, "those who study hard and make continuous progress will inherit time." The word "Gezhi" is widely used. /kloc-at the end of 0/9, Liang Qichao and others followed Japan's example and translated science into "science", calling for "doing science and stressing art". In the early years of the Republic of China, seniors and sisters also transliterated science as "Sains" to emphasize the rational spirit of science.
-creation according to two types of modern Chinese terms, etc.
Material 2: With the formation and gradual spread of the concept of "representative democracy", the concept of democracy has undergone a major change. Not only ancient direct democracy is democracy, but modern indirect democracy is also democracy. The daily use of the word "democracy" is not as good as the direct democracy in ancient times.
-According to "The Evolution of Democratic Ideas during the American Revolution", etc.
The word "ke" in (1) material 1 is related to an official selection system in ancient China? What is the purpose of "learning from things" in Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism? (4 points)
(2)/kloc-What changes have taken place in the content of China's learning from the West from "Gezhi" to "sainz" since the middle of the 9th century? And analyze the reasons for the change (12)
(3) Combining the second material and the knowledge learned, from the perspective of the development of western democratic politics, briefly analyze the reasons for the change of the concept of "democracy". (8 points)
(4) Choose the word 1 from "economy", "middle school" and "fans" to explain the historical changes of its meaning or usage. (3 points)
Reference answer
(1) imperial examination system (2 points); "Justice of investigation" (2 points)
(2) Change: technology-political system-ideology and culture; (2 points)
Reasons: After the defeat in the Sino-Japanese War, I realized the backwardness of the system and the limitations of "learning from foreigners"; (3 points) Start learning western politics and promote political improvement; (2) After the Revolution of 1911, the Republic of China was established, but the democratic regime was nominal; (3 points) Therefore, we advocate scientific spirit and seek ideological emancipation. (2 points)
(3) establishing representative system; (2) Representative democracy has advantages, such as being applicable to a country with a vast territory and a large population; (3 points) and constantly improve in practice, such as expanding the scope of voters; And expand to more countries. (3 points)
(4) The total score of this question is 3 points. Candidates can score if they have one point. For example, the word "Jing" means "managing the world and helping the people" in ancient times, which means "governing the country and leveling the world"; Today refers to the production, circulation and exchange of social materials. The word "vermicelli" has always been one of the common foods in China. Nowadays, in the major news media, "fans" are often used to represent loyal fans, fans and other enthusiasts.
Score means that if the candidate's answer is beyond the main point but reasonable, he can give points within the total score of each question as appropriate. Question (4), point out the meaning or usage of a period, give 1 point, and point out the meaning or usage of two or more periods, give 3 points.
1, math, math. Pronunciation: beautiful/? m？ θm？ t？ ks/； English/? m？ θm？ t？ ks/.
2. interpretation: mathematics n. mathematics; Mathematical operation.
3.