Pension. The only-child generation in the "family planning" population after 1980s, 1990s and 00s is under heavy pressure of providing for the aged, which leads to a lot of caution in giving birth to children.
House price. The tradition of getting married and having a house in China has met with high housing prices, which has caused a considerable number of young people to postpone their marriage and the corresponding childbearing period, and mortgage has become the competitive pressure of child-rearing.
Price. Faced with the high cost of "birth, rearing and education", it refers to medical expenses, milk powder fees, study fees and other expenses. Even if you want to have children, you have to weigh your money bag.
Time and energy. School-age women are facing the problem of reproductive period in the workplace, and choosing to have children will make career sacrifices and even social leisure time.
On the other hand, women of childbearing age are faced with difficult life choices. In the end, do you choose to have children, give up the workplace, or miss the golden age of your life and turn to your career? Recently, POP MART, a well-known tide play company, was hotly debated by netizens because it asked female job seekers to fill in "whether there is a recent birth plan" on the interview sheet, and thought it was suspected of employment discrimination, reflecting the reality that women's career stability is much lower than that of men because of their reproductive function. At the same time, some business owners admit that with the opening of the three-child policy, a female employee who intends to raise three children may not be able to undertake normal work for several years, which is really a heavy burden for enterprises.
"It's a little easier to have a second child in kindergarten." An An is Bao Ma. At present, her eldest son is 7 years old and her youngest son is 2 years old. She has been at home full-time since her eldest son was born. "Now I feel that I have an advantage in re-employment. After all, the baby is older and won't have a third child. "
Recently, according to "2 1 Century Business Herald", a poster circulated on the Internet belonging to Jiangxi Branch of Bank of China shows that the bank has launched a "maternity consumption loan". This "maternity consumption loan" is applicable to married natural persons aged 20-50 who have full capacity for civil conduct and are pregnant for 6 months to 2 years; The loan amount is 654.38 million yuan for the first child, 200,000 yuan for the second child and 300,000 yuan for the third child.
In fact, both the "excitement" caused by the recruitment of POP MART and the ingenious consumer loans provided by Jiangxi Branch of Bank of China are essentially different aspects of people's current fertility problems. I came to the coffee think tank last week and chatted with several parents. Not only do they have a low desire to have three children, but it is also difficult for them to make up their minds to raise a second child.
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Full-time nanny Melissa Zhou
Take Melissa Zhou as an example. She lives in Shenzhen and is a medical beauty practitioner. At present, her baby is one year old, and she has stopped working and concentrated on raising her children. Melissa Zhou can be regarded as a typical example of raising a baby in a first-tier city, and it is a good "buy-in-buy". Before the baby was born, she hoarded two boxes of milk powder, two boxes of diapers, various Haitao toys and a bunch of English picture books. As soon as the child is born, he will place an order on his mobile phone to buy various imported complementary foods as soon as he is free. Complaining that you can't afford to raise children while buying.
Her baby-care content: about one can of Haitao milk powder in 250 yuan, four cans a month; A Japanese brand of Haitao has a bag of diapers 150 yuan, about four bags a month; You need to buy new clothes in different seasons and different toys at different stages. Children will go to infant swimming once a week (100 yuan/lesson) and early education (350 yuan/lesson or so), and the monthly child-rearing cost is 6,000 yuan. These are just the daily expenses of children, not counting the medical expenses brought by various health checks due to illness and cold.
Then Melissa Zhou calculated an account and made a statistic on the cost of the process from spare tire to college graduation:
Physical examination, production, supplement, confinement-about 80 thousand;
Milk powder, diapers, medical care, clothing, etc. -About 654.38+ ten thousand;
Various expenses in kindergarten-about 1.5 million;
Primary school expenses-about 6.5438+0.8 million;
The cost of middle school-about 360 thousand;
University expenses-about 230,000.
A * * * adds up to about 165438+ ten thousand, which is only for an ordinary second-tier city, and it is the case that "children can be completely independent after graduating from college" as the cost required by parents. If you live in a first-tier city, the economic expenditure at each stage is much higher than this.
Some people say that before giving birth to a child, there is no guarantee of 65438+ 10,000 in your pocket, so don't give birth. This is not just a spit, but a living reality. Children don't know what it means to spend money, but from the moment they come to this world, everything has been clearly marked.
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Mr. Wang from Kunming
Mr. Wang lives in Kunming. At present, he has two children, which is the maximum they can afford to raise them. He is not going to have three children, and even has some regrets about having two children. Mr. Wang's eldest son is about to take the senior high school entrance examination. He said that raising children is really expensive, but he never calculated it carefully. "We still go to public schools, and the tuition fee is about 4,000 yuan a year. The most expensive is the tuition fee for making up lessons, which is almost 20 thousand a year. The child is about to take the senior high school entrance examination. Once he fails, he will face a large school selection fee. " Mr. Wang said.
"In fact, I don't want to put too much pressure on my children, but seeing that other children are studying this major and that major, my heart began to panic, for fear that the children would fall behind. The summer vacation lasts for two months. I originally wanted my children to make up classes for only one month and have a little rest for the other month. As a result, I saw that other children didn't rest, and we couldn't add another 20 days of classes, which cost more than 3,000 yuan. " Mr. Wang said helplessly.
In addition, although mobile phones and MP3 players affect learning, my son said that all his classmates have them, so he can only buy them, and the electronic products cost 20,000 yuan. I bought the brain tonic recommended by my colleagues for three months, 1000 yuan; Counting, it is tens of thousands of yuan. There are still some odds and ends that are not counted. Mr. Wang has only a wry smile. "It doesn't matter how much it costs. I just hope that my children can study hard, have a good job and have a stable life in the future. "
Mr. Wang's voice actually represents a large part of parents: they attach importance to education and are confused about their children's future. The bottom line is that they can support themselves in the future.
Regardless of first-tier cities or second-and third-tier cities, the total amount of education expenditure is generally divided into three parts: basic education expenditure, expanded education expenditure and selected education expenditure. According to the survey of middle-class families in second-tier cities, the results show that among the three items of basic education expenditure, expanded education expenditure and selected education expenditure.