Section 1 Preparation before Sample Collection 2

The second water-saving sample collection method 5

I. Collection of water samples 5

Second, the pretreatment of water samples 6

Three, the storage of water samples 8

In the third section, the collection method of sediment and sediment samples is 1 1

I. Collection of sediments and sediment samples 1 1

2. Pretreatment and storage of sediment and sediment 1 1

Section 4 Collection Methods of Atmospheric Samples 12

I. Sampling of Indoor Air Pollutants 12

Ii. collection of aerosol (smoke) 13

Section 5 Collection Methods of Biological Samples 15

I. Sampling 15

II. Sample Processing and Storage 16

Section VI Evaluation and Prospect of Existing Sample Pretreatment Technologies 18

I. Solid Phase Extraction Technology 19

Second, solid phase microextraction technology 19

Three. Pressurized liquid extraction and subcritical water extraction 20

Fourth, purging? Capture technology 2 1

V. Microwave digestion and microwave-assisted extraction technology 2 1

Six, supercritical fluid extraction technology 22

Seven. Immunoextraction technology 22

Reference 23

Chapter II Solid Phase Extraction Technology 24

The first section solid phase extraction principle 24

I. Defects of traditional sample preparation methods 24

Second, the principle of solid phase extraction 24

Three. Characteristics of solid phase extraction 25

Section 2 Step 26 of Solid Phase Extraction

I. Adjustment of solid phase extraction column or tray 27

Second, the loading or adsorption (loading or absorption)27

Three. Cleaning the filler that interferes with impurities 28

Four. Elution) 28 and the collection of analyte 28.

Section III Solid Phase Extraction Adsorbent 29

I. Requirements of Solid Phase Extraction on Stationary Phase 29

Second, commonly used solid phase extraction adsorbent 3 1

Section 4 Solid Phase Extraction Device 59

I. Structure of solid phase extraction column 59

Second, the solid phase extraction filtration device 63

Three. Automation of solid phase extraction 64

Section 5 Theory and Method of Solid Phase Extraction 67

I. Theory of Solid Phase Extraction 67

Second, the choice of solid phase extraction method 70

Section 6 Solid phase extraction of metal ions 74

I. Adsorbent for Solid Phase Extraction of Metal Ions by Ion Exchange 75

Second, metal ion chelating solid phase extraction adsorbent 75

Three. Solid phase extraction based on hydrophobic interaction 82

Section VII Prospect of Solid Phase Extraction 94

Reference 95

Chapter III Solid Phase Microextraction Technology 105

Section 1 Overview of Solid Phase Microextraction Technology 105

I. Development of Solid Phase Microextraction Technology 105

II. Fiber Solid Phase Microextraction Device 106

Three. Fiber Solid Phase Microextraction 108 Operation Process

Section 2: Theory of Fiber Solid Phase Microextraction 1 1 1

1. Basic principle and mathematical model of fiber solid-phase microextraction11.

Second, the factors affecting the extraction efficiency and the methods to improve the extraction efficiency 1 13

Section III Development Status of Fiber Solid Phase Microextraction Technology 123

I. Development of Fibers and Their Coatings 123

II. Subsequent Analytical Instrument for Fiber Solid Phase Microextraction 130

Section IV Application of Fiber Solid Phase Microextraction 133

I application of solid-phase microextraction in environmental analysis 133

Second, the application of solid-phase microextraction in food detection 140

Third, the application of solid-phase microextraction in the field of medicine and health 14 1

4. Application of Solid Phase Microextraction in Chemical Industry 146

Application of solid-phase microextraction in speciation analysis of metals and metalloid compounds 146

VI. Application of Solid Phase Microextraction in Other Fields 155

Section V Capillary Solid Phase Microextraction Technology 156

I. Capillary solid-phase microextraction device and operation flow 156

2. Mathematical model of capillary solid-phase microextraction principle 159

Three. Application of capillary solid-phase microextraction 16 1

Section VI Advantages and Disadvantages of Solid Phase Microextraction 163

Reference 164

Chapter iv flow injection and membrane extraction technology 17 1

The first membrane separation process 17 1

I. Definition of membrane 17 1

II. Membrane Classification and Membrane Separation Process 17 1

Application of membrane separation in analytical chemistry 173

I. Dialysis 173

Ii. electrodialysis 175

Iii. Membrane filtration 175

Four. Membrane extraction 176

Section III Supported Liquid Membrane Extraction 176

I. Principle of Supported Liquid Membrane Extraction 176

II. Supporting Liquid Membrane Extraction Device 178

Three. Influencing factors of supporting liquid film 178

IV. Joint Technology and Automation 18 1

Application of verb (abbreviation of verb) in environmental sample pretreatment 182

Section IV Continuous Flow Liquid Membrane Extraction 185

I. Basic Principles 185

Second, the influencing factors 187

Third, the combination of technology and automation 190

Four. Application in environmental sample pretreatment 193

Section 5 microporous membrane liquid-liquid extraction 196

I. Basic Principles 196

Second, the factors affecting liquid-liquid extraction microporous membrane 196

III. Combination and Automation 196

Iv. Application of 197

Section 6 Polymer Membrane Extraction 197

I. Basic Principles 197

Second, the combination and automation 198

Iii. Application of 198

Reference 199

The fifth chapter low temperature purification and capture and related technology 202

Section 1 Overview 202

I. Development of low temperature purification and capture technology 202

Second, the comparison between purge and capture technology and other new sample pretreatment methods 203

In the second quarter working principle and instrument introduction 204

I. Purging and Trapping Principle and Operation Steps 204

Second, the factors that affect purging, trapping and purging efficiency 205.

Three. Introduction to Commercial Paper 207

In the third quarter, the application of volatile organic compounds analysis 209

I. Characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds and Their Common Pretreatment Techniques 209

Second, the application of purge and capture technology in the analysis of volatile organic compounds 2 12

Section IV Application in Speciation Analysis of Methyl Organometallic Compounds 2 19

I methyl organometallic compounds and their impact on the environment 2 19

2. The application of purging and trapping technology in the speciation analysis of methyl metal organic compounds.

Section 5 Application of Other Capture Techniques in the Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere 222

I. Application in the determination of volatile organic compounds 223

Second, the application in the determination of volatile sulfide 224

Three. Application of 225 in Determination of Volatile Nitrides and Phosphine

Four. Application of determination of volatile organic metals and metalloid compounds

Reference 226

Chapter VI Microwave Digestion and Microwave-assisted Extraction Technology 230

Section 1 Definition and Mechanism of Microwave Digestion and Microwave-assisted Extraction 230

I. Definition of microwave digestion and microwave-assisted extraction 230

Second, the mechanism of microwave digestion and microwave-assisted extraction 230

Section II Microwave Digestion and Microwave-assisted Extraction Device 232

1. Microwave digestion and microwave extraction container 232

Second, the microwave oven 234

Three, continuous flow microwave digestion system 236

4. On-line microwave digestion system after liquid chromatography column 238

In the third quarter, factors affecting microwave digestion and microwave extraction 238