Press: Chemical Industry Press
Pricing: 33 pounds
Bar code: 97875025724 19
ISBN:ISBN 7-5025-724 1-4
Author: Dai Qixun
Print date: August 2005-1
Release date: August 2005-1
Hardcover paperback _ folio _ Pages: paperback 16 folio, 295 pages
China Library Classification:
The first-class classification of China Library Classification;
Secondary Classification of China Library Classification;
Book number:
Introduction: preface
Metal material is the most used material among all materials, and its theory and system are relatively complete. Since 1980s, great progress has been made in mature and widely used new metal materials, such as metal matrix composites, new functional metal materials, microalloyed non-quenched and tempered steel, etc. Even traditional materials have made great progress. In addition, due to the severe problems of resources and environment, new concepts such as simple alloy and general alloy adapted to environmental design are put forward. 1998 the national adjustment professional catalogue gives a new description of the connotation of materials. In recent years, although the professional requirements have changed greatly, there is still a lack of corresponding supporting teaching materials.
Metal materials science is the core course of materials, such as metal materials engineering. This course occupies a very important position in the professional knowledge structure, and it is the most direct course for students to use knowledge when they go to work. This course is comprehensive, applied and empirical. Comprehensive means that the content involves a wide range of knowledge, involving all the professional knowledge learned before; Applicability means that the course content is materials and technologies widely used in production or scientific research; Empiricism means that some content is a long-term experience summary, but it is still relatively variable in practical application.
The author of this book has nearly 20 years' experience in the teaching of metal materials science. In the process of teaching, the contents and ideas are constantly rectified to form a certain system and characteristics, and more attention is paid to cultivating students' ability to analyze and solve problems, and to cultivating students' innovative thinking. The basis of writing this book is: on the basis of drawing lessons from the original textbook, supplement new content; Combined with years of teaching experience, adjust the system and framework of this book. The idea of compiling is to grasp the main line of material service conditions-composition-technology-organization-performance-environment, focus on the basic theory of alloying, highlight the ideas in the development of material science as much as possible, and make the teaching materials comprehensive, applicable and novel. This textbook is more suitable for materials, such as construction machinery and applied metal materials engineering.
This book includes three parts: iron and steel materials, nonferrous metal alloys and new metal materials. Based on the principle of alloying, the characteristics of material composition and processing technology are emphatically expounded, and the relationship between material structure, properties and application is emphasized, so that students can master the basis of design and formula of various material compositions. The development of various new materials is also introduced. In order to make students better understand and master the content and key points of the course, grasp the main line, core and thought of material development, and cultivate students' ability to analyze and solve problems, a summary is written at the end of each chapter, and a certain amount of exercises and thinking questions are arranged.
This book is one of the important contents of the brand building of metal materials engineering in Jiangsu Province, and it is also the teaching material organized by the construction of key quality courses in Jiangsu University. Chapters 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 and the introduction of this book were written by Professor Dai Qixun, chapters 2 and 7 were written by an associate professor, chapters 8, 9, 10,10/were written by Professor Shao, and chapters 12, In the process of writing this book, I consulted many documents, and the main documents are listed at the back of the book. I want to express my sincere thanks to the authors of all the references. Jason Wu and other teachers provided relevant metallographic pictures, and Chemical Industry Press made great efforts to publish this book. I would like to express my heartfelt thanks here.
This book is not only a textbook for undergraduates majoring in materials, but also a reference book for graduate students and technicians engaged in materials work. Limited to the author's level, there are inevitably mistakes in the book. I urge colleagues and readers to criticize and correct me, so as to supplement, modify and improve it in the future.
Editor's editor
April 2005
Introduction-Past, Present and Future of Metal Materials 1
0. 1 metal material development history 1
0. 1. 1 first stage-original steel output 1
0. 1.2 Phase II-Fundamentals of Metal Materials 1
0. 1.3 the third stage-the great development of microstructure theory Ⅱ
0. 1.4 the fourth stage-in-depth study of microscopic theory II
Modern metal materials II
0.3 Sustainable development and trend of metal materials 4
Practice and think about question 6
Article 1 steel materials
Introduction to alloying of steel in chapter 1 7
1. 1 Effect of alloying elements and iron 7
1. 1. 1 Element 7 in steel
1. 1.2 iron-based binary phase diagram 8
1. 1.3 Effect of alloying elements on Fe-C phase diagram 9
Phase composition in 1.2 alloy steel 10
1.2. 1 instead of solid solution 10
1.2.2 interstitial solid solution 1 1
1.2.3 carbides and nitrides
1.2.4 intermetallic compound 15
Distribution and segregation of 1.3 alloy elements in 15 steel
1.3. 1 Distribution of alloying elements in 15 steel
1.3.2 segregation of alloy elements 16
Phase transformation of 1.4 alloy steel 17
1.4. 1 heating austenitizing of alloy steel 5438+07
1.4.2 decomposition of austenite in undercooled alloy
Tempering transformation of 1.4.3 alloy steel
Effect of 1.5 alloy elements on strengthening and toughening of 24 steel
1. 5 1 strengthening form and mechanism of steel 24
1.5.2 effectiveness of strengthening alloy steel 26
Effect of 1.5.3 alloying elements on toughness of 27 steel
1.6 Effect of alloying elements on steel manufacturability 28
1.6. 1 heat treatment manufacturability of materials 28
1.6.2 formability of materials 35
Effect of trace elements in 1.7 steel 35
The role of trace elements 35
1.7.2 alloying elements in microalloyed steel 36
1.8 environmental coordination design of metal materials 38
1.8. 1 general alloy and simple alloy 38
1.8.2 Composition design of environmentally compatible alloy 40
1.9 classification and number of alloy steel 42
1.9 1 classification of steel 42
1.9.2 numbering method of alloy steel 42
Chapter 45 Overview
Practice and think about questions 48
Chapter II Engineering Structural Steel 49
2. 1 Basic requirements for engineering structural steel 49
2. 1. 1 Sufficient strength and toughness
2. 1.2 Good weldability and forming manufacturability 49
2. 1.3 Good corrosion resistance 50
2.2 Alloying of low-alloy high-strength structural steel 50
2.2. 1 Effect of alloying elements on mechanical properties of low-alloy high-strength steel 50
2.2.2 Influence of alloying elements on weldability and atmospheric corrosion resistance 52
2.3 Ferrite-pearlite steel 53
2.4 Micro pearlite low alloy high strength steel 55
2.4. 1 Strengthening mechanism 55
2.4.2 Controlled Rolling and Controlled Cooling Technology 55
2.4.3 The role of microalloyed elements
2.5 acicular ferrite steel 57
2.6 Low Carbon Bainite and Martensite Steel 58
2.7 Dual-phase steel 59
2.8 Development trend of low-alloy high-strength steel 60
Summary of this chapter 6 1
Exercises and Thinking Questions 6 1
Chapter 3 Steel for Machine Parts 62
3. 1 overview 62
3. 1. 1 Characteristics and alloying of structural steel for mechanical parts 62
3. 1.2 Strength and brittleness of structural steel for mechanical parts 63
3.2 Integral Strengthened Steel 64
3.2. 1 quenched and tempered steel 64
3.2.2 microalloyed non-quenched and tempered steel 67
Spring steel 7 1
3.2.4 Rolling bearing steel 73
3.2.5 Low Carbon Martensite Steel 77
3.2.6 Ultra-high strength steel 78
3.3 Surface strengthened steel 82
3.3. 1 alloy carburized steel 83
3.3.2 Nitrided steel 87
3.3.3 Low hardenability steel 88
3.4 Wear-resistant steel 89
3.4. 1 Wear resistance of steel and its influencing factors 89
3.4.2 High manganese cast steel 90
3.4.3 Low alloy wear-resistant steel and graphite steel 9 1
3.5 Basic Principles and Ideas for Material Selection of Parts 9 1
Basic principles for selecting materials 92
3.5.2 Basic ideas and methods of material selection 93
Abstract of this chapter 95
Practice and think about problems 97
Chapter 4 Tool and Die Steel 99
4. 1 overview 99
4. 1. 1 tool steel composition and performance characteristics 99
4. 1.2 Basic properties and test methods of tool steel 100
4.2 carbon steel and low alloy tool steel 10 1
4.2. 1 carbon tool steel
4.2.2 Low alloy tool steel 10 1
4.3 high speed steel 103
4.3. 1 classification of high-speed steel 103
4.3.2 Effect of alloying elements in high speed steel 105
Carbide in high speed steel 106
4.3.4 Heat Treatment of High Speed Steel 108
4.4 cold-working die steel 1 13
4.4. 1 carbon tool steel and low alloy tool steel 1 14
4.4.2 High chromium and medium chromium die steel 1 14
4.4.3 matrix steel 1 17
4.5 Hot working die steel 1 17
4.5. 1 hot hammer forging die steel 1 18
4.5.2 Hot extrusion die steel 120
4.5.3 Die casting die steel 122
4.6 Steel for other types of tools 122
4.6. 1 impact steel 122
4.6.2 Steel for Cold Rollers 123
4.6.3 Steel for Measuring Tools 124
4.6.4 Steel for Plastic Mould 125
4.6.5 cemented carbide 128
Summary of this chapter 129
Practice and think 130
Chapter 5 Stainless Steel 13 1
5. 1 Overview 13 1
5. 1. 1 Types of metal corrosion and methods to improve corrosion resistance 1
5. 1.2 Microstructure and classification of stainless steel 132
5.2 Factors affecting the microstructure and properties of 134 stainless steel
5.2. 1 Effect of alloying elements on the microstructure and properties of steel+0.54438.55555555556
5.2.2 Influence of corrosive medium on corrosion resistance of 138 steel
5.3 ferritic stainless steel 138
5.3. 1 Ordinary ferritic stainless steel and its characteristics 139
5.3.2 Brittleness of Ferritic Stainless Steel 139
Heat treatment of ferritic stainless steel 139
5.4 Martensite Stainless Steel 140
5.4. Composition and microstructure characteristics of1martensitic stainless steel 14 1
5.4.2 Heat Treatment Characteristics of Martensite Stainless Steel 142
5.5 Austenitic Stainless Steel 142
5.5. Composition characteristics of1austenitic stainless steel 143
Intergranular Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steel 144
Heat treatment of austenitic stainless steel 145
5.5.4 Cr-Mn-N austenitic stainless steel 146
5.6 Duplex Stainless Steel 147
5.6. 1 austenitic-ferritic duplex stainless steel 147
5.6.2 Austenite-Martensite Duplex Stainless Steel 148
Summary of this chapter 148
Practice and think 149
Chapter VI Heat-resistant Steel 150
6. 1 basic concepts 150
6. 1. 1 oxidation resistance of metals 150
6. Thermal strength of1.2 steel 152
6. Alloying of1.3 Heat Resistant Steel 155
6.2 Hot-Strength Steel 155
6.2. 1 pearlite heat-resistant steel 155
6.2.2 Martensite Heat Strength Steel 158
6.2.3 Austenite Superalloy 160
6.3 oxidation-resistant steel 16 1
Summary of this chapter 163
Practice and think 163
Chapter VII Cast Iron 164
7. Graphitization of1cast iron and its influencing factors
7. 1. 1 graphitization process of cast iron 5438+064
7. 1.2 factors affecting as-cast structure 166
7.2 Formation and Growth Mechanism of Graphite 168
7.2. 1 Growth mode of flake graphite in gray cast iron5438+068
7.2.2 Formation Process of Spherical Graphite 169
7.2.3 Formation Process of Wormlike Graphite 170
7.3 gray cast iron 17 1
7.3. 1 Microstructure characteristics of gray cast iron 17 1
7.3.2 Properties and Heat Treatment of Gray Cast Iron 173
7.4 Ductile Iron 174
7.4. Microstructure and Properties of1Ductile Iron 174
7.4.2 Heat Treatment of Ductile Iron 176
7.5 vermicular graphite cast iron 178
7.5. 1 metallographic structure of vermicular graphite cast iron 178
7.5.2 Performance characteristics and application of vermicular graphite cast iron 179
7.6 Malleable cast iron 18 1
7.7 Special Performance Cast Iron 182
7.7. 1 heat-resistant cast iron 182
7.7.2 Wear-resistant cast iron 183
7.7.3 Corrosion Resistant Cast Iron 184
Summary of this chapter 185
Practice and think 185
Article 2 Non-ferrous metal alloys
Chapter VIII Aluminum Alloy 186
8. Heat treatment and aging strengthening of1aluminum alloy 5438+086
8. Classification of1.1aluminum alloy 186
8. 1.2 Heat treatment strengthening characteristics of aluminum alloy 187
8. 1.3 Main factors affecting aging strengthening 188
8.2 Forged aluminum alloy 189
8.2. Naming and expression method of1wrought aluminum and aluminum alloy 189
8.2.2 Rustproof aluminum alloy 19 1
8.2.3 Hard aluminum alloy 192
8.2.4 superhard aluminum alloy 193
8.2.5 Forged aluminum alloy 194
8.2.6 Heat treatment and metallographic examination of deformed aluminum alloy 194
8.3 cast aluminum alloy 195
8.3. 1 Al-Si and Al-Si-Mg casting alloys 195
8.3.2 Other cast aluminum alloys 197
8.3.3 Heat Treatment of Cast Aluminum Alloy 199
Summary of this chapter 199
Practice and think about problems 200
Chapter 9 Copper Alloy 20 1
9. 1 brass 20 1
9. 1. 1 Brass brand and expression method 20 1
9. 1.2 Ordinary brass 202
9. 1.3 Special brass 204
9. 1.4 heat treatment of brass 206
9.2 Bronze 207
9.2. 1 bronze medal and its expression 207
Tin bronze 208
Aluminum bronze 2 1 1
Beryllium bronze 2 13
Summary of this chapter 2 14
Exercises and Thinking Questions 2 14
Chapter 10 titanium alloy 2 15
Alloying principle of 10. 1 titanium alloy 2 15
Basic properties and alloying of titanium10.1.1515
Phase transformation characteristics of titanium alloy10.1.2.216
10. 1.3 classification of titanium alloys 2 18
10.2α titanium alloy 2 19
10.3 α+β titanium alloy 220
10.3.1alloying characteristics of α+β titanium alloy566661
10.3.2 titanium aluminum vanadium series alloys (TC3, TC4, TC 10) 22 1
10.3.3 Other α+β titanium alloys 222
10.4β titanium alloy 222
Development and application of 10.5 titanium and its alloy 223
Improvement of production technology of titanium alloy 10.5. 1 10000.100000000806
10.5.2 new development and application of titanium and its alloys 223
Chapter 225 Summary
Practice and think about problems 225
Chapter 1 1 Other non-ferrous metal alloys 226
1 1. 1 magnesium alloy 226
Properties of11.1.1magnesium and its magnesium alloys.50000.000000000105
1 1. 1.2 composition, microstructure and properties of magnesium alloy 227
1 1. 1.3 Microstructure and properties of wrought magnesium alloy 230
Structure and properties of 1 1. 1.4 cast magnesium alloy50000.00000000016
On the heat treatment of magnesium alloy11.1.5.51000.000000000605
The application of magnesium alloy11.1.6.36666.966666666666
1 1.2 zinc alloy 236
1 1.2. 1 the characteristics of zinc and zinc alloys.50000.000000000505
1 1.2.2 Microstructure and properties of zinc alloy 237
Chapter 238 Summary
Practice and think about problems 239
The third article new metal materials
/chapter kloc-0/2 metal functional materials 240
12. 1 magnetic alloy 240
12. 1. 1 soft magnetic alloy 240
12. 1.2 hard magnetic alloy 243
12.2 electrical alloy 245
1 electrothermal alloy 245
12.2.2 superconducting material 247
12.3 shape memory alloy 248
1 shape memory principle 248
12.3.2 common shape memory alloy 250
12.4 Other functional materials 253
1 thermal expansion alloy 253
12.4.2 damping alloy 254
12.4.3 hydrogen storage alloy 256
Chapter 258 Summary
Practice and think about problems 258
13 chapter intermetallic compound structure material 259
13. 1 Overview of intermetallic compound materials 259
Performance characteristics of 13. 1. 1 intermetallics materials50000.00000000015
13. 1.2 Development history of intermetallic compound structural materials 260
13.2 crystal structure of intermetallic compound 26 1
Face-centered cubic ordered derivative structure 26 1
13.2.2 body-centered cubic ordered derivative structure 26 1
13.2.3 closely packed hexagonal ordered derivative structure 262
13.2.4 intermetallic compound with complex crystal structure 263
13.3 Common intermetallic compound materials and their applications 263
13.3. 1 Ni-Al-Al intermetallic alloy 263
13.3.2 Fe-Al intermetallic compound alloy 266
13.3.3 Ti-Al intermetallic alloy 267
Chapter 270 Summary
Practice and think about questions 270
Chapter 14 metal matrix composites 27 1
14. 127 1 overview
14. 1. 1 types of metal matrix composites 27 1
Performance characteristics of14.10.2 metal matrix composites1666/20068568686
Research and application of14.10.3 metal matrix composites1666/666666666666
14.2 strength and system selection of metal matrix composites 275
Strength of metal matrix composites 275
14.2.2 system selection of metal matrix composites 277
14.3 interface and control of metal matrix composites 279
14.3. 1 Interface Bonding between Metal Matrix Composites and Interface Type 280
14.3.2 interfacial stability of metal matrix composites 28 1
14.3.3 Interface Penetration and Interface Reaction Control of Metal Matrix Composites 282
14.4 manufacturing process of metal matrix composites 284
Solid state method 284
14.4.2 liquid method 285
14.4.3 spraying and spraying deposition method 286
14.4.4 in-situ autogenous recombination method 287
14.5 properties of metal matrix composites 288
Fiber reinforced metal matrix composite 288
14.5.2 short fiber and particle reinforced metal matrix composites 290
Abstract of this chapter 29 1
Practice and think about problems 292
Symbol description 293
Reference 294