2. What is a pacemaker system?

3. Why is there arrhythmia?

4. What are the common symptoms of arrhythmia?

5. What is arrhythmia? What are the classifications of arrhythmia?

6. What is the brief history of pacemakers (pulse generators)?

7. What are the types and development history of pacing electrode leads?

8. What are the types of pacemakers?

9. How are pacemakers classified and coded?

10. What is the composition of pacemaker battery?

1 1. Which patients need pacemakers?

12. How to choose the appropriate pacing mode?

13. What is a single chamber pacemaker? How does it work?

14. What is a dual-chamber pacemaker? How does it work?

15. What is Pacemaker Syndrome?

16. What is pacemaker-mediated tachycardia and its treatment?

17. What is frequency adaptive pacing?

What is physiological pacing? How does pacemaker realize physiological pacing?

19. What is the process of pacemaker implantation?

20. What is the access path and selection of pacing electrode leads?

2 1. What parameters should be tested and set after pacing lead implantation?

22. What is VOO pacing mode? When can I use VOO pacing mode?

23. How does the pacemaker adjust as needed?

24. Which branch or bundle branch block patients need pacemaker implantation?

25. Do patients with myocardial infarction need to implant pacemakers?

26. Do patients after heart transplantation need to implant pacemakers?

27. What are the suggestions for pacemaker treatment in patients with congenital heart disease and its surgical treatment?

28. What is vasovagal syncope?

29. Can pacemakers treat vasovagal syncope?

30. How can pacemakers be used for the prevention and treatment of atrial fibrillation?

3 1. Which patients in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy can be treated with pacing?

32. How can pacemakers treat hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy?

33. What are the complications related to pacemaker implantation?

34. What are the complications related to the pulse generator?

35. What are the complications related to electrode leads?

36. How to deal with the infection of pacing system after pacemaker implantation?

37. What are the precautions after pacemaker implantation?

38. Why do you need regular follow-up after pacemaker implantation?

39. Do pacemakers with automatic sensing and threshold measurement need regular follow-up?

40. In rapid supraventricular arrhythmia, how does the pacemaker maintain the ventricular pacing frequency?

4 1. How does pacemaker realize automatic determination of atrial pacing threshold?

42. How does the pacemaker manage the ventricular pacing threshold?

43. How does a pacemaker measure its own atrial and ventricular perception?

44. What are the causes of palpitation discomfort in patients after pacemaker implantation and how to deal with it?

45. After implanting a pacemaker, which electrical appliances can be used safely?

46. What is electromagnetic interference? What will cause electromagnetic interference?

47. Can I use transportation or drive a car after implanting a pacemaker?

48. What medical devices may affect pacemakers after implantation?

49. What should I pay attention to in my daily life after implanting a pacemaker?

50. What's the impact of airport or shopping mall security system on pacemakers?

5 1. What are the causes and treatment methods of patients fainting after pacemaker implantation?

52. What is the difference between the warranty period and service life of pacemakers?

53. How to follow up after pacemaker implantation?

54. What is the role of dynamic electrocardiogram in judging pacemaker function?

55. How to judge the pacemaker battery energy exhaustion?

56. What preparations need to be made before pacemaker replacement surgery?

57. What is the difference between pacemaker replacement and first implantation?

58. What sports can I participate in after implanting a pacemaker?

59. What is heart failure? What is the cause of heart failure?

60. What is cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT)?

6 1. Which patients with heart failure can use ventricular resynchronization therapy?

62. The role of diagnostic function in cardiac resynchronization therapy pacemaker?

63. What are the preparations before cardiac resynchronization pacemaker implantation?

64. How is the cardiac resynchronization pacemaker implanted?

65. How does cardiac resynchronization pacemaker treat heart failure?

66. What is the reason for the poor curative effect of cardiac resynchronization pacemaker?

67. What is the effect of cardiac resynchronization on heart failure in patients with atrial fibrillation?

68. How to make CRT realize personalized treatment?

69. Why do patients with heart failure need not only cardiac resynchronization therapy, but also implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy?

70. How to judge the effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with heart failure?

7 1. How to choose the implantation position of left ventricular electrode in cardiac resynchronization therapy?

72. What are the common complications after CRT pacemaker implantation?

73. What should I pay attention to in the follow-up after CRT pacemaker implantation?

74. What is sudden cardiac death? What is the cause of sudden cardiac death?

75. Which patients need implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)?

76. What is the brief history of ICD?

77. What is the electrode wire of ICD?

78. How does ICD realize high-energy electric shock?

79. How does ICD set up and treat ventricular arrhythmia?

80. What are the preparations before ICD implantation?

How was 8 1.ICD implanted? What parameters need to be measured in implants?

82. How to determine the defibrillation threshold during ICD implantation?

83. What drugs can cause the change of DFT?

84. What is the electrical storm after ICD implantation and why?

85. After coronary heart disease myocardial infarction, which patients need ICD implantation?

86. Which patients in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy need ICD implantation?

87. Which patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy need ICD implantation?

88. Which patients with Brugada syndrome need ICD implantation?

89. Which patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy need ICD implantation?

90. What suggestions are there for ICD treatment of pediatric patients and patients with congenital heart disease?

What is the difference between 9 1.ICD central ventricular sensing and anti-bradycardia pacemaker?

92. What are the common complications after ICD implantation and how to deal with them?

93. Which patients need to implant a single-cavity ICD? Which patients need dual-cavity ICD implantation? Which patients need CRT-D implantation?

94. How do patients feel during ICD treatment?

95. How to follow up after ICD implantation?

96. How to judge that the ICD battery is exhausted and needs to be replaced?

97. What are the possible causes and treatment methods of accidental discharge of ICD?

98. What is the ICD painless treatment for tachycardia patients?

99. Why do ICD patients need medication?

100. which patients are not suitable for ICD treatment?

10 1. What is temporary pacing? What are the methods of temporary pacing?

102. What are the clinical uses of temporary pacing?

103. Which patients need temporary pacing?

104. What are the intravenous routes of temporary pacing electrode lead implantation?

105. What are the common complications of temporary pacing implantation?