As one of the seven major areas of new infrastructure, the construction of charging piles has great market potential.
Thanks to the double stimulation of policy and market, China has become the country with the fastest development of charging infrastructure in the world: the advanced charging technology in the charging infrastructure industry has been continuously broken through, new operating modes have been constantly emerging, and the service network of charging facilities has become perfect, which has strongly supported the popularization and application of electric vehicles.
"In the past, we mainly focused on how to speed up the construction of charging facilities. After nearly 10 years of hard work, this task has been basically completed and the problem of charging facilities has been solved. " According to Liu Yongdong, director of the Standardization Management Center of China Electric Power Enterprise Federation, "In the future 10, charging facilities should make consumers aware of the advantages of the scientific and technological revolution of new energy vehicles, and charging facilities will help the transformation of the energy revolution."
Incite tens of billions of investments and incite trillions of markets.
At the end of 20 19, the Ministry of industry and information technology issued the development plan of new energy automobile industry (202 1~2035) (draft for comments). It is estimated that by 2030, the number of new energy vehicles in China will reach 64.2 million. According to the construction target of 1: 1, there will still be a gap of 63 million charging piles in China in the future 10, and it is estimated that the infrastructure construction market of charging piles will be 10253 billion yuan.
However, by the end of 20 19, the cumulative sales volume of new energy vehicles in China was 4174,000, the number of charging piles in China reached12190,000, and the vehicle-pile ratio decreased from 4.6: 1 in 20/6 years to 3.4.
The Annual Report on the Development of Charging Infrastructure in China from 20 19 to 2020 released by China Charging Alliance shows that the number of public charging piles in China has increased from 57,800 in 20 15 to 5 16.40 in 2019, while the number of private charging piles has increased from 20/KLOC.
Even so, the completion rate of private piles is only 16.3%, which is 3.6 million sets short of the existing plan.
As a result, with strong policy support and market potential, various capitals have once again strengthened the charging pile market. If capital bets and related enterprises are added, the industry predicts that the investment of the whole charging pile industry will exceed10 billion yuan in 2020.
The data shows that at present, the investment of four domestic charging pile giants, State Grid, China Southern Power Grid, TELD and Star Charging, has reached nearly 6 billion yuan.
Automobile manufacturers and charging pile companies are also increasing cooperation stickiness. On May 20th, BMW signed a cooperation agreement with State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Co., Ltd. to double the number of charging piles by directly accessing the State Grid charging network. On June 3, the two sides formally signed a strategic cooperation agreement, covering three aspects: research and innovation of charging technology, cooperation and promotion of charging service products, and promotion of new energy vehicles and new energy power.
In addition to the above-mentioned professional charging operators and car companies, technology giants such as Huawei and Alibaba are also eager to move.
In April this year, Huawei launched Huawei? HiCharger DC fast charging module has entered the new energy vehicle market strongly, aiming to become the core supplier of "incremental components" in the intelligent electrical field such as electric drive, charging and battery management system, and trying to solve the development dilemma of high operating cost and short equipment life cycle in the charging industry.
Shortly thereafter, Huawei and TELD signed a comprehensive cooperation agreement, which will promote the construction of pile networking and the development of intelligent charging business through comprehensive cooperation and resource sharing, and build charging piles into data interfaces.
Alibaba chose to use stocks to lay out new infrastructure. At the end of March, the wholly-owned subsidiary of Ant Financial invested in the charging pile operator "simple charging" in the parking lot scene, becoming its second largest shareholder, and its layout was close to the new infrastructure proposed by the policy.
Alipay also claims that it has covered more than 95% of the country's electric vehicle charging pile network. Two private charging operators, including TELD and Star Charging, and two aggregation charging platforms, United Bank Technology (including State Grid) and Express Power, have all landed on Alipay and opened charging service "offices" through small programs.
It can be seen that the presence of technology giants can bring more value-added space to the charging pile industry, and it is expected to solve the problems that have long plagued users, such as low charging efficiency, poor quality of charging piles, complicated payment links and insufficient intelligence of charging modules.
Two months after the introduction of the new infrastructure policy, the local government's enthusiasm for building piles was once again ignited. Including Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Sanya, Jiangsu and other regions have successively introduced charging pile construction plans.
On June 10, the new infrastructure action plan of Beijing Municipal Development and Reform Commission proposed to promote the coordinated development of people, vehicles, piles and networks, formulate an optimized layout plan for charging piles, and increase the number of charging piles in old communities, transportation hubs and other areas. By 2022, there will be no less than 50,000 electric vehicle charging piles and about 100 power stations.
In addition, Shanghai has also proposed to build 65,438+10,000 charging piles for electric vehicles, and Jiangsu has made it clear that it will invest about 370 million yuan this year to speed up the construction of charging facilities, and achieve a vehicle-to-pile ratio of 2: 1 by the end of this year. Other regions have also invested in charging pile projects according to their own conditions.
The ultimate goal of pile construction is to form a net.
Looking at the development of charging pile industry, like many emerging industries, it has experienced the process from extensive development to refined operation.
As early as 2009, State Grid took the lead in opening the layout of charging and replacing facilities with its own advantages. However, it was not until 20 14 that the charging pile industry was opened to social capital, which opened the era of charging pile infrastructure construction. In the same year, Telecom and Star Charging were established and gradually became industry giants.
However, before 20 17, there were a large number of charging pile manufacturers, with increasing competition, high product similarity and no obvious difference between products and business models. Most enterprises have fallen into an extensive business model, and the surviving enterprises are barely supported.
After entering 20 17, the number of electric vehicles has been increasing, and small and medium-sized operators have begun to emerge in large numbers, and the market has shown a situation of blooming. However, on the one hand, charging pile manufacturers are facing the price pressure from downstream customers, on the other hand, due to the continuous decline in equipment prices, the gross profit margin of products is also declining year by year, and the profit margin of charging pile manufacturers is constantly being compressed. Even TELD, the largest charging service operator in China, made its first profit in 20 19.
During this period, the surviving charging pile manufacturers and operators began to enter a period of cooperation and integration, forming a cooperation situation with vehicle companies, operating companies, travel platforms, real estate companies and insurance companies.
In 20 18, State Grid, China Southern Power Grid, TELD, Star Charging and TELD set up a joint venture company, Beijing United Airlines Technology, in an attempt to solve the problem of industrial interconnection.
In the first half of 2020, affected by the epidemic, the charging pile industry is facing an operational crisis, and the number of enterprises still operating in 2020 is less than 50% of 20 17.
Nowadays, with the implementation of the new infrastructure policy, the charging pile industry has entered a new stage of development.
Zhao Jian, brand general manager of Qingdao Teruide Electric Appliance Co., Ltd. believes that the charging network is a new type of infrastructure with Internet of Things attributes, which is deeply linked with "people, cars and energy" to maintain real-time online and high-intensity interaction; Charging is just the need of electric vehicles and the basic support for the large-scale development of electric vehicles. The "car networking, energy networking and data networking" can be deeply integrated to form a "new industrial Internet", which is the biggest application scenario of the industrial Internet.
The White Paper on the Development of Charging Pile Industry for Electric Vehicles issued by CCID Consulting believes that the construction of charging piles in the new era should be closely integrated with smart grid, Internet of Things, 5G communication, cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, car networking and other high technologies to create an intelligent charging network of "car-pile-power grid-Internet-multiple value-added services".
Therefore, based on the industrial ecology and the current situation of charging piles for new energy vehicles in China, charging piles, 5G and Internet of Things will further integrate and develop, showing the trend of parallel development of smart charging piles, V2G, high-power charging stations and private piles.
The first is to launch smart charging piles. Driven by technologies such as big data, Internet of Things and artificial intelligence, charging piles are becoming more and more intelligent.
On the one hand, it is the intelligent networking of charging piles, and the cloud can obtain the status, charging data and damage degree of charging piles and monitor them; On the other hand, users can also search the location of charging equipment through mobile phones, and access the system and pay for charging through mobile phone clients.
Secondly, using V2G technology to realize two-way communication and two-way energy flow between electric vehicle and power grid can effectively manage the charging and discharging process of electric vehicle, reduce the impact of electric vehicle load on power grid, make full use of battery resources of electric vehicle, and increase the flexibility and stability of power grid energy management.
In addition, build a high-power fast charging station. DC fast charging station meets the demand of temporary and emergency charging, and high-power charging is its key supporting technology. High-power charging technology can achieve "charging 10- 15 minutes and battery life of 300 kilometers", which increases the convenience of charging.
It is understood that State Grid is currently accelerating the research and development and application of advanced technologies such as high-power charging, plug-and-play charging and energy blockchain, tackling V2G technology and exploring business models. In the future, Shenzhen Chedian Network Co., Ltd. will also strive to realize the friendly interaction of "vehicle-pile-network", promote the practical application of V2G and other technologies, make the power grid regulation and control means more abundant and flexible, connect "people-vehicle-life" and realize the cross-border integration of distribution network and upstream and downstream industrial business.
Finally, due to resistance factors such as difficulty in entering the community, the proportion of private charging piles in the central city of first-and second-tier cities is low, and the enjoyment of private charging piles can meet the charging needs of some electric car owners.
This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.