● Anti-aging: The aging and embrittlement of books do not lie in the length of time, but in how to deal with the acidic substances contained in the pages. It has been found that some books published in Europe in the15th century are well preserved up to now because the paper at that time was made of cotton and linen with neutral pH value, and calcium carbonate can prevent the formation of acid. In modern society, the circulation of books is huge, and it is obviously impossible to use cotton and linen paper, so most of them use wood as raw materials. The plant fiber in paper loses its strength and adhesion after being hydrolyzed by acid, and the acid in paper mainly comes from aluminum sulfate in pulp. When the paper begins to get wet, aluminum sulfate begins to produce sulfate and hydronium ions, and finally forms acidic substances, which corrode the paper. Sulfur oxide and cyanogen oxide in polluted air can also react with water or plant fiber itself to produce acid. Therefore, to prevent books from aging and embrittlement, the most important thing is to remove the acid from the paper. Now the most commonly used method is to soak books in magnesium bicarbonate or calcium bicarbonate solution and then dry them. This can remove the acid from the paper and prevent the acid reaction from happening again in the future.

● Insect prevention: Sometimes there will be bugs in books, which will seriously endanger the service life of books. The ways to prevent insects are: 1. The articles in the library should be clean, dry and well ventilated; There should be no cracks on bookshelves, walls or floors; 2. The temperature of books and articles should be kept at 6-20 degrees, and the humidity should be kept at 50%-60%. 3, books should be moved frequently, even books that are not commonly used should be turned over regularly; 4. On the bookshelf or bookcase, you can put some wrapped sanitary balls.

● Decontamination: Books contaminated by stains will not only shorten the life of books, but also affect the reading effect. The decontamination method is: 1. Remove oil stains. Put a piece of absorbent paper on the oil stain and iron it gently for a few times to absorb all the oil. It can also be wiped off with a mixture of a few drops of gasoline and magnesium oxide. 2, in addition to ink marks. Put a piece of absorbent paper at the bottom of the page stained with ink marks, then soak the spots with 20% hydrogen peroxide solution or potassium permanganate solution, then put a piece of absorbent paper at the top of the page and press a heavy object, and the ink marks will disappear after drying. If there are brown spots when using potassium permanganate solution, oxalic acid or citric acid solution can be used to remove them. 3, in addition to mildew spots. Soak the cotton in ammonia water and gently wipe the mildew spots until it is clean. 4, in addition to fingerprints. Wipe off fingerprints with soap first, then wipe off soap traces with a wet cloth, and finally draw lines on the pages with absorbent paper to absorb water. 5, except flies. Dip cotton in vinegar or alcohol and gently rub it on the fly's excrement until the stain is removed.

For other common stains, as long as you carefully wipe them with soap, then wipe them off with a wet cloth, and then line the books with absorbent paper to absorb water, you can get satisfactory results. ● Auxiliary books:

Many people have done the work of mending broken books, using too much paste and tape. This is actually a delicate job, so we should be especially careful. Paste is much better than glue, because it will not cause chemical corrosion to paper, paste repair is reversible, and it can be recovered by soaking in water. Avoid using thick glue, the concentration of glue itself is too high. If it is concentrated again, there will be no normal air drying time, which will cause books to be deformed. And the concentration of glue can't be adjusted at will, but the paste can.

● Anti-wrinkle:

There is no good treatment except pleating. The corners of books are particularly easy to roll. If you really like a book, you should patiently smooth every page, then press it under the pile of books, and then take it out with only traces, and few of them really roll. In addition, when reading a book, you must form the habit of not rolling books. Some people think it is very convenient to read this way, which is the most harmful to the book, even if it is useless at ordinary times.

● Skin changing:

This trick is the secret of Teacher Wang. In the past, there were not as many hardcover editions of books as there are now. He loved books like life, so he came up with such a way to protect books. Changing the cover is to repackage the bought soft-cover books (especially novels, so there is no need to change magazines) into hard-cover books.

First, prepare two hard paper covers 2-3mm wider than the book, an adhesive tape (medical adhesive tape can also be used) as thick as the book and a special glue for sticking wood, connect these three hard paper covers with glue, and then stick them on the seams with adhesive tape, so that the defects are basically covered, and the preliminary work of such a "book cover" is completed.

The next most important and crucial step is to completely cut the cover from the book. This step should be very careful, the book will not be broken if it is lopsided or broken. Cut out the front cover and back cover and stick them in the center of the cardboard cover. Remember to hide the edges and corners of the tape under the cover paper, then put on the "new" book cover and spread the glue evenly. You can't read this book until the glue is completely dry. According to reports, this method effectively solves the problem that books are easy to rub with other books in order to be put in and taken out, which is easy to cause volume damage; In addition, such books are not easy to fold, which saves a lot of trouble in pressing books. When you take this kind of books, you can also get rid of the bad habit of reading by scrolling.