First of all, from the content point of view, a book is usually a complete work, and its theme and content are usually coherent, covering a specific theme or problem. A periodical is a continuous publication, and each issue will contain many independent papers or articles, which may involve various topics and fields. Therefore, the contents of books are usually more in-depth and comprehensive, while the contents of periodicals are more extensive and diverse.
Secondly, from the formal point of view, books usually include preface, text and appendix, and the structure is relatively complete and rigorous. Periodical articles usually include title, abstract, keywords, introduction, methods, results, discussions and references, and the structure is more concise and clear.
Thirdly, judging from the publishing cycle, the publishing cycle of books is usually long, which may take months or even years. Periodicals, on the other hand, are published regularly, and new articles will be published in each issue. Therefore, the contents of books are updated slowly, while the contents of periodicals can reflect the latest research results more quickly.
In addition, books and periodicals have different readers. Books are usually aimed at readers who have in-depth research needs on specific topics, while periodicals are aimed at researchers and scholars.
Generally speaking, books and periodicals have their own characteristics and advantages, and their main difference in content lies in the depth, breadth and continuity of content.