cushion cap
The connection between a pile and a column or pier. Pile caps connect several or even a dozen piles together to form a pile foundation. Pile cap is divided into
Pile cap foundation high pile cap and low pile cap: low pile cap is generally buried in the soil or partially buried in the soil, and high pile cap is generally exposed to the ground or water. Because the high pile cap has a free length, there is no supporting body around it to bear the horizontal external force. The stress of foundation pile is extremely unfavorable. Under the same horizontal external force, the internal force and displacement of the pile are larger than those of the low pile cap, so its stability is worse than that of the low pile cap. High pile caps are generally used in ports, docks, marine engineering and bridge engineering. Low pile caps are generally used in industrial and civil buildings. Generally, the pile head extends into the pile cap by 0. 1m, and the steel bar is anchored into the pile cap. Columns or piers are built on pile caps to form a complete force transmission system. In recent years, due to the use of large-diameter bored piles, the stiffness and strength of piles are relatively high, so high pile caps have been widely used in bridge foundation engineering.
box girder
Hollow inside, with flanges on both sides of the upper part, shaped like a box, hence the name. A single box, multiple boxes, etc.
The box girder of reinforced concrete structure is divided into precast box girder and cast-in-place box girder. The box girder prefabricated in independent site combined with bridge erecting machine can be erected after the completion of the lower project, which can speed up the entry of the project and save the construction period; Cast-in-place box girder is mostly used for large continuous bridges. At present, there are two commonly used materials, one is prestressed reinforced concrete box girder, and the other is steel box girder. Among them, the prestressed reinforced concrete box girder is constructed on site, and some box girders have transverse prestress besides longitudinal prestress; Steel box girders are generally processed in factories and then transported to the site for installation. It's all steel structures and some reinforced concrete pavements.
Among them, steel box girder, also known as steel plate box girder, is a common structural form of long-span bridges. Generally used on bridges with large spans. It looks like a box, so it is called a steel box beam. Steel plate box girder is a common structural form in engineering. In order to study the influence of diaphragm spacing on the distortion of simply supported steel box beams under concentrated load, the distortion effect and rigid torsion effect of simply supported steel box beams with different numbers of diaphragms under concentrated load are compared, and the curve of maximum distortion effect with the number of diaphragms is obtained. Concentrated load is applied to the top of box girder web, and the calculation is carried out by load decomposition method according to four working conditions: distortion, rigid torsion, symmetrical bending and eccentric load.
Pier column
A lower load-bearing object used to support the superstructure in civil engineering. The cross sections of piers are mostly circular, and there are also anisotropic piers such as elliptical, square, curved and parabolic. It is an important part of highway bridges, railway bridges, sidewalks and other bridges, overpasses, ramp bridges, overpasses and other projects.
pile footing
A deep foundation (see figure) consisting of piles and caps connecting the top of piles, or a single pile foundation connected by columns and piles, referred to as pile foundation for short. If the pile body is completely buried in the soil and the bottom of the pile cap is in contact with the soil, it is called low pile cap pile foundation; If the upper part of the pile body is exposed to the ground and the bottom of the cap is exposed to the ground, it is called high cap pile foundation. Building pile foundation is usually a low pile cap pile foundation. Pile foundation is widely used in high-rise buildings.
sole
The floor in the building, that is, the foundation floor: after the foundation pit is dug to the end, the cushion layer is started, and the concrete slab above the cushion layer is the foundation floor. Cushion is the intermediate layer between reinforced concrete foundation and foundation soil. Its function is to make its surface smooth, which is convenient for binding steel bars on it, and also plays a role in protecting the foundation. It's plain concrete without reinforcement. If there are steel bars, it can't be called cushion, but should be regarded as foundation slab.
Question 2: What does it mean to divide the project site into different construction areas according to the different projects, that is, the different locations of the projects?
Question 3: What is the usage part of engineering data? Your statement is not very clear. For example, if you want to pour concrete, your concrete is used to pour nine beams and slabs. Then you should write a nine-story top beam and slab in the data usage section.
Question 4: What's the difference between a sectional project and a construction site, such as the main concrete project, how to write the name of the sectional project and how to write the construction site 1? The main works are subdivisional works, including concrete works and masonry works, in which concrete includes subdivisional works such as reinforcement works and formwork works, and reinforcement works include inspection lots such as reinforcement processing and reinforcement installation. Generally divided into: unit project-divisional project-divisional project-subdivisional project-inspection lot.
2. For example, in a building under construction, steel bars are being installed on the 25th floor of a concrete structure. Generally, the construction site can be written as follows: Steel bars are installed on the xx floor (xx M) where the xx axis intersects the XX axis of the XX building. Such as 7# building 25th floor (76.7m floor) beam slab reinforcement installation, in which 7-A axis intersects with 7-U axis, and 7- 1 axis intersects with 7-28 axis.
Question 5: What does the name of the project-level part mean? I will give you a classification of water conservancy projects for your reference!
The classification of water conservancy and hydropower projects should be based on their project scale, benefits and importance in the national economy.
* * * is divided into five categories: I, II, III, IV and V..
In the permanent building of the first-level project, the main building is the project 1 level part, and the second-level building is the project level 3 part;
The main building in the permanent building of Class II project is Grade II, and the secondary building is Grade III;
The main building in the permanent building of the three types of projects is Grade III, and the secondary building is Grade IV;
The main building in the permanent building of Grade 4 project is Grade 4, and the secondary building is Grade 5;
The main building in the five types of permanent buildings is Grade 5, and the secondary building is Grade 5;
Question 6: What is the lowest part of a construction project? The lowest part of a building project is the foundation and foundation.
Question 7: What does the overhead part of a construction project mean? The overhead floor, that is, the floor without floor, has only columns and beams.
Question 8: What is a project in a building? What is a unit project? What is a single project? construction project
Refers to the contract composed of investment and construction by the construction unit with legal person qualification, consisting of one or several single projects, which are independently accounted for economically and managed administratively, and are collectively called construction projects.
2, individual projects
Refers to a project with independent design documents, which can independently organize construction and independently exert production capacity or benefit after completion. For example: the school's teaching building, experimental building, library, etc.
3, the unit project
Refers to the project that can't exert its production capacity or benefit independently after completion, but has independent design and can organize construction independently. For example: civil engineering, electrical lighting, water supply and drainage, etc.
4, division of engineering
According to the different division of engineering parts, the types and models of equipment and materials used. Examples: foundation engineering, masonry engineering, concrete and reinforced concrete engineering, decoration engineering, roofing engineering, etc.
5, subdivisional work
According to different construction methods, different materials and different specifications. For example, masonry can be divided into brick masonry and rubble masonry, in which brick masonry can be divided into inner wall, outer wall and parapet according to different parts. Sub-projects are the most basic structural elements for calculating labor, materials and capital consumption.
Unified Standard for Quality Acceptance of Construction and Installation Engineering is more detailed:
Quality acceptance of construction projects should be divided into unit (sub-unit) projects, division (sub-division) projects, sub-projects and inspection lots.
1, unit project refers to: buildings and structures that have independent construction conditions and can form independent use functions;
2. Sub-unit project refers to the unit project with large construction scale, which can be divided into several sub-division projects in terms of certain material types, construction characteristics, construction procedures, professional systems and categories that can form independent use functions. Work for subordinate units;
3. Item refers to: determined according to the professional nature and building location;
4. Division project refers to: when the division project is large or complex, you can press.
5. The breakdown refers to the classification according to the main types of work, materials, construction technology and equipment categories;
6. Inspection lot refers to the division of floors, construction sections and deformation joints according to the needs of construction, quality control and professional acceptance.
7. Single project refers to the single subcontract given according to the professional nature in the Construction Law and the Bidding Law.
Question 9: What is the project site 4+425 in the road engineering data? The project site 4+425 in the road engineering data refers to 4 kilometers +425 meters.
Question 10: What parts does the building floor project refer to? Ground engineering refers to ground construction (excluding structural concrete): leveling layer, adhesive layer, surface layer (wood floor, ceramic tile floor, terrazzo surface layer, cement mortar surface layer ...).
Ground engineering refers to the lowest ground engineering, starting from soil. The surface layer and the bottom layer are basically the same. Below the surface layer are: soil compaction, gravel cushion, leveling layer, moisture-proof layer, concrete base and adhesive layer.
Floor works do not include roofing works.