Zhao's poems, words, books, paintings and plays. At that time, many people asked their teachers for advice. Poetry and ancient prose are the most energy-consuming, while painting, calligraphy and drama are considered as spare time. Chen Shi said that he was "quick in poetry, which was achieved in the Tang and Song Dynasties". Liang Qichao, the owner of the "ice-drinking room", also admired the manuscript for advice many times, calling himself a disciple modestly, and commented on Zhao Xi's "poem shaking the Shaolin method, pen grinding Changli Lei", "the sound is straight to heaven and earth, and poetry is famous in the world". Yang Zengqi, a friend of Zhao Xi's poems, wrote 60 farewell poems overnight when he went to work from Beijing, which caused a sensation in Beijing and was widely read. Chen Jianhe said that "there are more than a thousand poems in his life, the etymology is like an inverted gorge, the mountains and rivers in Sichuan are recited several times, the ancient style is rich, and the body is quiet and graceful", which are all true evaluations. He became close friends with the famous painter Zhang Daqian and often wrote inscriptions for Zhang Daqian's paintings and poems. Guo Moruo has great respect for him. He imitated Zhao Zi in his early years. After liberation, he also raised funds with Zhou Shanpei to publish the first two volumes of Poems of Hunan Songs. Tang Zhenchang, a famous contemporary scholar, said: "Mr. Wang's poems are the first, and his words are the second."
Zhao Xi was diligent and studious all his life. He really "reads thousands of books and writes like a god". There are thousands of books at home, many of which are carefully reviewed. Today, there are four poems written by Zhao and Du Fu in Chengdu Caotang. His prose is mostly prose, and there are still inscriptions in Chengdu Caotang, Emei Mountain and Leshan Wulong Temple. Zhao Xi's poetic theory is refined from the past and applied to the present. He is good at the ancient style, the law and the unique, especially at the five laws. He was knowledgeable and ambitious, but he couldn't display it at that time, so he put his feelings between mountains and rivers. Chen Shi commented on Wu Zeng's five visits to wizards, Songshan Mountain, West Lake and Emei: "His poems are full of the beauty of Shushan and Shushui." .
Zhao Xi's life can also be regarded as brilliant, with infinite scenery. From Song Ba's enlightenment to a second-class scholar, he was elected to imperial academy, Jishi Shu, to be an official in Beijing and to teach in Sichuan. He is famous all over the world, and his disciples come forth in large numbers, mostly for a while. As a suggestion, he was called a "tough guy" because he impeached the Qing Prince Yi Kuang, the postal department Sheng Xuanhuai and the Sichuan Governor Zhao Erxun. He is also famous for his love of mountains and rivers. He has traveled to Jiawu, Chongqing, Three Gorges, Daiyue, Luo Song, Yique and Wuyue. Every time he goes to a scene, there are many poems and calligraphy works. A generation of great men have passed away, and it is also a great pleasure to leave poems and paintings in the mountains and rivers.
In his early years, he studied Yan (Zhenqing) and Liu (public power), and his momentum was magnificent. Middle-aged scholars such as Su (Dongpo), Huang (Gu), Mi (Fu) and Zhao (Meng Fu), as well as Preface to Shinto, Book Score, Ouyang Father and Son, Sui Monument, etc. They are all in one hand, and when their personal styles have been displayed, they are all harmonious. After the age of 50 in his later years, he copied the North Monument, kept abreast of the Six Dynasties, learned from others' strengths, developed superb calligraphy skills, and formed his own unique elegant and elegant style. Chen Jianhe thinks that his "calligraphy is the most skillful, and it was close to Ouyang Xiaozhi from the beginning, and later it involved the steles of the Han and Wei Dynasties, especially Zhang Menglong of the Northern Wei Dynasty, so his works are rigorous and dense, which is rare in a hundred years." This evaluation is more comprehensive. The scribe in Rong county was the most popular, and it was known as "Zhao Zi in Rong county" at that time.
In his later years, Zhao Xi was particularly good at writing big characters, with rough lines, strong skills and simple tastes. Today, Zhao Xi's inscriptions are found in the Great Buddha Temple in Rongxian, Lingyun Temple in Leshan, Wulong Temple in Emei Mountain, and "Death Monument in the Autumn of 1911" in Chengdu, and there are countless inscriptions on places of interest in Sichuan. Xiaoxing's calligraphy is full of elegance, variety, indefatigability and individuality. Its elegance comes from Zhao (Zi Ang), while elegance comes from Su, Huang and Mi, and it is transformed into its own style by the power and interest of the North Monument. It is a masterpiece of calligraphy in the late Qing Dynasty, and it is extremely bookish. His book style was very popular at that time, which had a great influence on Sichuan book style, and there are still many learners today. There are many plagiarists all over the country. Guo Moruo admired his calligraphy very much, and he learned Zhao Zi in his early years. Zhao Qian was in the era when Kang Youwei advocated the supremacy of tablet school in the late Qing Dynasty, and everyone in the world learned from the North Tablet. Most people failed to learn from the tablet, but wrote the words tough and tasteless, and entered the wild road. However, Zhao Xi's calligraphy is very clever. He doesn't go with the flow, and insists on the principle of paying equal attention to his own inscription and postscript. Finally, his calligraphy style has formed a distinct personality, elegant and smart, and contains bones and muscles. He combined the inscriptions perfectly and was unique, which became a bright spot in the calligraphy field in the late Qing Dynasty and a generation of outstanding people. He believes that "poetry and calligraphy have their own ethos, and only heroes can stand outside the ethos". He is really a hero in calligraphy. In Sichuan, some people even commented that he was "the first person in poetry and calligraphy since Su Dongpo in Meishan".
Zhao Xi's calligraphy is mostly running script, regular script, and occasionally official script, which is rarely circulated. Calligrapher Xu had seen one before liberation and thought it was quaint and extraordinary. Zhao Xi's running script is sharp and steady, and the font structure is tight inside and loose outside, which is similar to Huang Tingjian's running script in Song Dynasty. His strokes are round and square, and his glyphs are mostly vertical rectangles. Line spacing and spacing are generally sparse, but his movements are excellent. No matter how big or small, his works are full of essence and elegance, and his calligraphy is rigorous without any slack. His style was very popular at that time, and many imitators, such as his son Zhao Yuankai, his disciples Zhou Shanpei, Xie Chi, Tao Liangsheng, Yu Zhongying, Xiang Chu and his fellow countryman Wu Zuyuan, were famous. People who admire imitation have never stopped, and they have become a school. Zhao Xi answered every letter to his friends. No matter how much he writes, he is famous for his precise work. He once said: "The letter is all-encompassing, and you can say a hundred words without losing your bookish spirit, and you can't be light." In his letters, many of them are about art, many of them are insightful, and those who get his letters regard them as treasures.
Zhao Xi believes that "books are elegant and free from vulgarity, so learning books must start from self-study", "everything must start from rules, and those who abide by the rules are extremely upright", "future generations should learn from ancient times, understand the judgments of ancient and modern customs, and customize their own style", "those who are talented in heaven are like books in the south, and those who win are like books in the north". The south is more industrious than the north, and the stupidity is close to the ancient times, and the work is close to the present. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages, so help each other to outdo each other. "These are very insightful views. He also made comments on many ancient stone tablets, and only a few words hit the point, which was highly praised by today's people and became the theoretical basis for future generations to learn books. The preface to Zhao Qian's Selected Books by Yu Zhongying, a close friend, said: "His calligraphy began with Yan (Zhenqing) and Zhao (Mengzhi), but after middle age, it was strict and heavy, catching up with Tang Xian and Tang Qian. The cover is due to his study and improved temperament. In his later years, the six dynasties merged, and the show was simple and unique, and he became a family. " China's calligraphy has been included in a special issue.
Zhao Xi's calligraphy is not only beautiful and vigorous, but also has unique innovation in the framework structure of regular script. Therefore, people in Rongxian love calligraphy and are used to copying several of his inscriptions, such as the Inscription of Cunsang School by Yan (Yan Zhenqing), the Tombstone of Mr. Zhan Changpo by Chu (Sui Liang), the Epitaph of Zhang Xutang, the Literary Story, the running script Ben Jun, and the Seven Laws Inscription. Sichuanese especially respect him, saying that his calligraphy is "the crown of the moment, and few people can reach it in a hundred years", so Zhao Xi's word is called "Zhao Zi of Rongxian County".
Zhao Xi's painting began in 19 18. At first, he used Ni Yunlin's brushwork to capture the spirit in a simple and subtle way, showing his penetrating power. The color is Danqing, the shape is landscape, and there are even figures such as Buddha statues and feather eagles. Chen Jianhe believes that this is a realm that can only be achieved through "out of touch". He seldom draws big pictures, so he doesn't draw mountains and peaks, but mostly sketches, and the artistic conception of his paintings is very high. Zhao Xi doesn't sell paintings, most of which are for his own entertainment. He often gives them to relatives and friends and leaves them for his family to remember. Therefore, it is rare for the world to see it, and he also cherishes it. Occasionally, he sells them at a high price. It is a well-known saying that "the poets in Hunan and Song Dynasties are endowed with extraordinary talents, who paint landscapes and white stones with wonderful strokes and get a new life". At that time, his poems, books and paintings were called three musts.
From 192 1 year, after 54 years old, I saw that there were more and more people in need of calligraphy everywhere, so I simply hung Runge in Rongxian West Street (now shop No.241) and publicly sold calligraphy (people in Rongxian were good at calligraphy, with Li, Yu Xiangyao and Cao in front of the city, followed by Liu and Yang) At that time, there was an endless stream of people asking for calligraphy in Sichuan military and political circles and business circles. In his later years, Mr. Wang was rich and benefited a lot from writing.
The price tag is calculated in ocean:
Ten yuan for couplets and eight yuan for banners; Screen size for each room in 20 yuan and nave 12 yuan, folding fan painting and calligraphy for each handle 10 yuan, except folding fan, all are subject to six-foot rice paper, with two yuan per foot for more than six feet, and there is no quota for unnamed size. The Federation of Literary and Art Circles for weddings, funerals and weddings refuses to write (he hates grandma's flattery).
Since then, Zhao Xi's calligraphy has been hung all over Sichuan, which is the living room of rich people in Rongxian County, or a big business, teahouse and restaurant, in order to be elegant. At that time, many warlords, bureaucrats and tycoons in Sichuan asked Zhao Qian for calligraphy works through customers or remittances. Among them, Chang Dong 'an, a warlord in Wengongchang, Renshou County, is the most prominent. After he was promoted to the rank of commander of 29 army, he scraped a lot of people's money and was eager to marry Song's mother 10, hoping to show his respect to his mother through a birthday ceremony to honor his ancestors. So a large-scale construction was carried out in Wengongchang, and Dongsong Temple was newly built. In order to show off to others, 1930 appointed an adjutant, with a letter of introduction from Tian, the commander of the 20th Army, who made a special trip to Rongxian to beg for a preface for his birthday, so as to engrave the shrine and make it permanent. Although the adjutant he sent paid tribute to Zhao Yaolao, he waited in Rongxian for half a year before he got the article "East Zhu Da Ben Tangji" written by Zhao Xi, which was about 400 words. After the job was done, Dong gave Ocean two yuan as a reward.
Zhao Xi's running script, especially the fine-print running script, is particularly exquisite and precious. When he was in the College of Arts, he revised the comments of students' articles and poems, as well as the handwriting such as notes or inscriptions written on stationery. As soon as he deviated from himself, someone copied it and used it for other purposes. The original work was treasured as a precious calligraphy iron roll. For example, Zhao Xi's handwritten inscription on "Chinese Valentine's Day" on July 5th was quickly posted in front of the classroom, and it was already a copied sample, and the manuscript has been replaced. Zhao Xi's running script pen and ink can be described as exquisite words, vivid strokes, rough but not dull, fine but not delicate, extraordinary and refined, distinctive personality and extremely bookish.
Zhao Xi was rigorous in his studies all his life, diligent and self-disciplined, and never slacked off from childhood. He studied poetry, calligraphy and painting all his life, and worked tirelessly to achieve the highest achievement in poetry. Liang Qichao commented on this: "The voice is straight in heaven and earth, and the poem is famous in the world." Chen Yan, the leader of Guangxuan and Jiemin School, commented on Xiang Song's poems: "Being close to Cen Can, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, thinks that his words are clear and sincere, and the beautiful scenery comes from natural feelings." Liang Qichao once recalled that there were many readers of Song poetry in Beijing in the early years of the Republic of China. Every piece of paper comes from Shu, and everyone wants to get a sneak peek and swing an old fist. Zhao Qian tasted three songs of "A Wide Topic, Living on the Wall", laughing and cursing, which were cleverly thought out and spread all over the day.
Since 19 15, mr. yi likes to write lyrics, and he won 303 songs in two years. 19 17 years, relatives and friends carved into three volumes of "Xiang Song Ci" in Chengdu Library.
The following are excerpts from celebrity comments on Zhao Xi's poems:
As far as writing is concerned, Mr. Wang is both sophisticated and arrogant, but he loves to write prose, especially the ancient prose of Tongcheng School. Existing are: Chengdu Caotang Temple and Leshan Niaoyou Temple. In Rongxian County, there are scattered rubbings of silkworm and mulberry tablets, epitaph of Zhang Xutang, and the first dust tombstone of Zhan Changpo, and literary books are collected. In the past, Dr. Liu Dafu (Pei Cun) wrote more than 20 biographies of Ranci, Liu Jian and Peng for Ba County Records. From192/kloc-0 to the Republic of China 1928, Mr. Wang specialized in [Rong County Records] and was the main author or finalized.
Mr. Wang studied poetry all his life, reading classics, history, Confucianism and gathering danger. Its strategy, first read thoroughly to see everything, then read intensively to understand its main points, and at the same time constantly talk about its incisiveness, mention its mystery, without any omission, the most fascinating and attentive.
Besides classics and history, I especially like reading Zhuangzi, Li Sao, Du Shaoling, Han Changli, Su Dongpo and Selected Works of Celebrities of Past Dynasties. Middle-aged people like to read Buddhist books to discuss philosophy. He has accumulated the reputation of giving lectures in Rongxian hometown, Chongqing, Shanghai and other places for more than ten years, and won favorable comments in China.
Mr. Wang teaches poetry, which can best comment on the main tendency, author style and research focus of Tang poetry in various periods. The poetic style in the early Tang Dynasty was superior to that in the Six Dynasties, from Wang, Li, Gao and Cen in the prosperous Tang Dynasty to Changli in the middle Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi has changed again Later, Liu Changqing, Li Shangyin and Mu Zhi became famous. But Changqing is not Yuxi, but Fan Chuan is comparable. By the end of the Tang dynasty, it was just skin and land. And the whole people in the Tang Dynasty failed to understand what Zifu was thinking, so they should be diligent and well prepared. Scholars can be deeper than Du Fu, just do their best.
Mr. Wang is well versed in poetry, especially in writing and commenting on poetry, and he usually evaluates poetry in general. Mr. Shiyou, the legacy of others, studied Song poetry and attached importance to Wang He and Yang Chengzhai for everyone. There is a saying that Mei Wanling can surpass the king, while Mr. Chen pays equal attention to the biographies of Tang and Song Dynasties, which cannot be neglected. Shi Yi Bao Shi Hua contains many of his theories.
There are five musts and five taboos in writing poetry: to be meaningful, to be carved, and to be meticulous. The topic should be aimed at the content, not vague, and look at the famous articles of predecessors for a long time. Need careful analysis and experience, not sloppy. Avoid harsh sancun dialect; Avoid greasy and muddy rivers and lakes; Avoid incense, because it is empty and tasteless. Don't make do with words, especially don't seek fame by poetry, just carve it. The writing method is to encourage eight generations of elites to learn the principles of Tang and Song Dynasties, pay equal attention to arrogance and dispersion, and focus on prose. Xiao Tong's Selected Works of Zhaoming, Yao Jichuan's Compilation of Ancient Characters and Zeng Guofan's Miscellaneous Notes on Classics and History are listed as required reading. It is also said that' the masterpieces of the ancients must have long knowledge, momentum, charm and smell, and what is important is the essence of scholars. It is pointed out that those who imitate ancient people are not good at retreating from Korea, but can do their best to get rid of the ancient shape and take * * *. Although there is imitation, it is not easy to find * * *. For example, Yang in the Han Dynasty and Liu Wuhou in the Tang Dynasty, who studied ancient times, looked too much like the ancients. They were not outstanding masters, and they were all just a disease in the end. When Mr. Wang is away, there are thousands of books at home. He tries to use fine words and carefully evaluate them. There are some comments on the main classics and history listed above, as well as the famous poems of Du Shaoling and Su Dongpo. There are four poems written by Mr. Du Fu in Caotang Temple in Chengdu, which shows that Mr. Du Fu's diligence is worthy of credit.
The beauty and freshness of chansons's poems have won the charm of Bashan and Shushui. For example, Zhao Xiji's works written in the 1920s before 1890 can now be found in seven words, such as "Walking through the city, the world knows who I am", "Going to the countryside is drizzling every year, all in a shallow peach blossom", "Who lives in a ravine tile house, a cluster of good forests", "Spring scenery is green, poetry comes to Bai Niao" and so on. Zhao is very old and indifferent to daily life, so he can be depressed after middle age, such as "I have no reason to go into the mountains, only to miss each other", "Who sold Lulongsai, Shanhaiguan is looking forward to the sunset" and so on, worrying about national affairs. In fact, Zhao Xi's housekeeping skill is not only poetry, but also chansons's ci, which is luxurious and elegant and close to Jiaxuan. Xiang Songzuo's word-building is stricter than the righteous method, and worse than the general traditional literati.
In 1930 (nineteen years of the Republic of China), when Geng Wuqiu was in charge of the Museum at the age of sixty-four, he took advantage of the Double Ninth Festival to climb the mountain and improvise. He wrote in his poem: "It is difficult to live and work in peace and contentment, and Zhao Weng is more leisure than Su Gong." The words "autumn night gossip is idle talk, poetry is like a tiger without spots" have been repeatedly praised as "there is no end to the road" and he is brilliant, so he wrote thousands of poems and articles in his life. At present, there are 137 poems "Journey to the North" circulating in the world, which were written on the way from Chongqing to Tianjin in 1892 and arrived in Beijing in March. /kloc-after 0/909, when he was a Taoist supervisor in Jiangxi, he often drank with poets such as Legacy, Russell Gong and Yang Shangu in Beijing and wrote ten poems, many of which were published in Poetry Talk. Such as staying in Chongqing and Shanghai to give lectures, traveling to the West, Emei, Bird Friends, Chengdu and other places, describing the mountains and rivers along the way, or writing the most affectionate poems and rural miscellaneous poems, all of which were included in the two volumes of "Pre-Collection of Xiangge Poems" initiated by Lao Guo (Mo Ruo) in 1956, assisted by Jiang Yong and Yin Shigong, and prefaced by Zhou Shanpei. He wrote more than 3000 poems in his life. At the beginning of liberation, Guo Moruo raised part of the printing funds and initiated the printing of the first volume of "Poems as a Gift" in Shanghai, recording more than 300 poems/kloc-0. There are 3 13 poems in Hunan and Song Dynasties, which were published in the seventh year of the Republic of China (1, 9 18). In recent years, chansons's Poetry Talk has been published in Sichuan, which contains 500 poems.
1902, Zhao Xi watched the puppet show Wang Kui alive in Zigong, thinking that Jiao's loss of face was not gentle and sincere, so he gave a 10% discount to Sichuan Opera, and the subsequent Farewell, Listening to Hugh and Coming of It also gave a 30% discount, making it a full house of incense burning. I cherish the last 30% discount and other scripts such as The Fisherman's Sword and Eliminating Three Harms, which have been lost and nowhere to be found. His works have beautiful words and high style. At that time, famous actors in the pear garden competed to rehearse, and Sichuan opera was in full swing. In particular, "love detective" is a wonderful word in the play, which describes the daughter's lovelorn and tactfully moving. After the drummer entered the high-pitched tune, the performances of famous actresses were widely circulated. As far as rhetoric is concerned, it is already charming and touching. For example, the following lyrics of Dan Jiao: "It's quieter, the night is sad, and the moonlight is like a flooded balcony, revealing a mournful wind. Pear flower falls, apricot blossoms, dreams around Chang 'an 12th Street. Late at night, I stood on the windowsill, and at night I went back and forth outside the study. Paper, pen, ink and inkstone are all in my husband's place. Tears are shed in an empty house, and only one book is read. "Sorrow is in a bright place. Tang Zhenchang said: "This drama appeals to both refined and popular tastes. No wonder everyone in Sichuan can sing and everyone loves to sing. " Zhao Xi wrote Love Detective overnight, which became a much-told story in the history of Sichuan Opera.
Zhao Xi's famous saying:
"The article is based on device knowledge, how can it stand in a position of deep affection?"
"The problem with poetry lies in the classic history"
"Du Su's poems are all famous for their academic ability"
"Poetry have what method? Be bigger, and poetry will enter one ear. "
"Every poem must have a beautiful heart, secluded and deep, beautiful and dust-free."
"The five words of the poem are based on the eight generations, and they are sincere and sincere, while the seven words are quasi-Tang Ge, vigorous and broad-minded, and the Tang people are still in modern times."
"Yuefu songs, the source is elegant, the source is the wind. Five words are still simple, using folk songs in Yuefu, which is the legacy of the wind. "
"Tang people emphasize style, Dongpo practices gas, and practicing gas is better than refining sentences."
"Poetry and books, each generation has its own ethos, but heroes can stand outside the ethos.
"Talented people are fond of books in the south, and those who win gas are fond of books in the north. South Manchu workers are stupid in the north, and stupidity is close to ancient times and work is close to today, each with its own length. Mutual assistance is not contradictory, Si Jieshi also. "