Gansu Provincial Library was formed by the merger of Lanzhou Library of Gansu Province and National Lanzhou Library before the founding of the People's Republic of China. Gansu Provincial Public Library was founded in 19 16, and the National Northwest Library was born in 1944 War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's bonfire. Until 1949, the two libraries merged into Lanzhou People's Library, later renamed Northwest People's Library, and renamed Gansu Provincial Library from 1953.

Over the past 80 years, this old library has gone through the course of arduous pioneering and tortuous development, which embodies the painstaking efforts of several generations of librarians.

At the beginning of the building, the library was just a few crumbling collection buildings. After decades of dismal operation, by the time of merger in 49, there were only 1.6 million books and dozens of dilapidated bungalows. With the gradual development of librarianship after liberation, the conditions of libraries have improved year by year.

By the 1980s, there were three preparation stacks, Baiyin Road and Gancaodian, with a total area of 7 150 square meters. 1986 The new Gansu Provincial Library has been built on the beautiful Binhe East Road, with an area of 14364 square meters, a building area of 18073 square meters and a main stack building of 15 floors. In recent years, it has been built continuously, covering an area of 28,400 square meters. It is the largest library in northwest China.