1, building energy saving is the need of economic development;

Energy is an important foundation for human survival and development, and economic development depends on the development of energy. Nowadays, the energy problem has become a worldwide concern, and energy shortage has become an important factor restricting economic development. Buildings consume energy all the time from the production and construction of building materials to the use of buildings. Statistics show that building energy consumption in developed countries such as Europe and America accounts for about 1/3 of China's total energy consumption, and China also accounts for more than 25%. Therefore, it is imperative to popularize building energy-saving technology.

2, building energy saving is the need of environmental protection:

The energy we use now is mainly non-renewable energy, mainly coal, oil and natural gas. These energy sources will emit a lot of harmful substances (carbon dioxide, sulfur, nitrogen oxides and so on). In the process of use, this is an important cause of air pollution and ecological environment damage. Therefore, advocating building energy conservation and reducing pollutant emissions is also an effective way to improve the living environment and quality of life.

3, building energy saving is the need to improve people's living standards:

With the development of modernization and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people pursue a more comfortable living environment in architecture. Heating in winter and air conditioning need energy supply in summer. In the current situation of energy shortage, it is particularly important to save building energy consumption. Building energy-saving design is based on meeting reasonable comfort requirements, reducing building energy consumption, improving energy efficiency, and meeting building energy-saving requirements through technology.

Second, the general situation of building energy efficiency in China:

1. Overview of building energy consumption in China:

Statistics show that the total energy consumption of buildings in China is increasing year by year, and its proportion in the total energy consumption has increased from 10% in the late 1970s to 27.8% in recent years. China is a country with coal as its main energy source, and the climate conditions in most parts of China are characterized by hot summer and cold winter. Therefore, the energy consumption of buildings in China is huge, and a large number of harmful substances are emitted from coal burning, which has caused serious pollution and damage to the environment. According to statistics, in 1999, China emitted 2.667 billion tons of co, ranking second in the world, of which 85% was emitted by coal. In 2000, China discharged SO219.95 million tons of SO, ranking first in the world, of which 90% was coal. Due to the discharge of pollutants, 57% of urban particulate matter exceeded the national standard, and the concentration of SO2 in 48 cities exceeded the national secondary standard. All kinds of data show that the promotion of building energy efficiency in China is imminent.

2. General situation of building energy efficiency development in China:

Building energy conservation in China began in the early 1980s. By the end of 1995, the national energy-saving building area reached 47 million square meters, and by the end of 1998, the energy-saving building area reached 1 100 million square meters. Some demonstration projects of building energy efficiency have been built in various places, such as Beijing Anyuan Beili Community, Zhouzhuang Community, Wolong Community, Tianjin Li Yihua Community, and Gansu Institute of Building Science Dormitory. These projects have achieved good results in energy saving. In order to promote energy-saving design in an all-round way, China has formulated a series of laws and standards, such as People's Republic of China (PRC) Energy-saving Law, Civil Building Energy-saving Design Standard, Technical Specification for Energy-saving Renovation of Existing Buildings, Energy-saving Testing Standard for Heating Residential Buildings and Regulations on Building Energy-saving Management. It is believed that with the gradual improvement of building energy-saving regulations and standards, China's building energy-saving cause will be further popularized and popularized.

Third, the development and utilization of new energy:

1, the meaning and classification of new energy:

The concepts of new energy and renewable energy were defined at the energy conference held by the United Nations in Nairobi, Kenya in 198 1. It is different from the traditional energy used now, with abundant sources, almost inexhaustible, and little environmental pollution. It is a kind of clean energy in harmony with the ecological environment. The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) currently classifies new energy sources into three categories:

(1) Large and medium-sized hydropower.

(2) New renewable energy, including small hydropower, solar energy, wind energy, modern biomass energy, geothermal energy and ocean energy.

(3) Traditional biomass energy.

2, the significance of the development and utilization of new energy:

With the increasing demand for energy, the resources of non-renewable energy on the earth will be further reduced until they are exhausted. For the sake of social development and human progress, while improving energy utilization efficiency and saving energy, we must also develop and utilize green and renewable new energy. According to experts' prediction, by 2060, the global renewable energy consumption will reach more than 50% of the total energy consumption and become the main part of the future energy structure. Adopting new energy is an important measure to protect the ecological environment and take the road of sustainable development.

3. The significance and prospect of the application of new energy technology in architecture:

Buildings consume a lot of energy. At present, the construction industry in China is developing rapidly. It is an inevitable trend to apply energy saving, environmental protection and ecological technology to engineering. The effective application of new energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and geothermal energy in buildings can not only replace traditional energy sources with limited resources, but also reduce pollutant emissions and protect the ecological environment. Its development and utilization have broad prospects and far-reaching significance. China is rich in new energy resources. At present, the utilization of solar energy is developing rapidly. Solar cell power generation technology is widely used in buildings, and the amount of solar water heaters is also increasing at a rate of 20% every year. It is estimated that by 20 15, the penetration rate of solar water heaters will reach 25%, and the ownership of solar power generation system will reach 320MW. In addition, great achievements have been made in the development of wind energy and geothermal energy, and it is expected that new energy will play a great role in the construction industry in China.

Four, the practical application of ecological energy-saving technology and new energy in architectural design:

There are many examples of using ecological energy-saving technology in design, such as the design of Zhangjiagang ecological farm house, the design of Tsinghua University Architectural Design Center building, and the library of Jinan Higher Jiaotong University. The design of the high-tech energy experimental building of Beijing University of Technology has adopted many energy-saving and new energy utilization technologies. According to the overall planning of the campus, the Hi-Tech Energy Experimental Building is planned to be located in the southeast corner of the North Campus of Beijing University of Technology, with the east-west axis line of Gongbei South Road in the south, the Science and Technology Experimental Zone of Beijing University of Technology in the north and the school playground in the west. Geographical location is very important. The construction land is rectangular, about 85 meters long from east to west and 35 meters wide from north to south, with a total land area of about 4,000 square meters and a planned construction area of 5,000 square meters. According to the characteristics of the base, the whole building adopts the I-shaped layout, with the south of the main entrance facing the central axis road, and the entrance of the experimental vehicle and the auxiliary entrance of the internal combustion engine laboratory arranged in the north. This form not only facilitates external contact, but also avoids mutual interference. The whole building will be set back to the north by the 10 meter red line, leaving the square in front of the main entrance and the outdoor parking lot, and arranging greening and ground paving to form a good outdoor space environment. In addition, the building heat consumption index increases with the increase of figure coefficient. The simple and regular architectural modeling of the experimental building, because of its small external area and small shape coefficient, can effectively reduce the building energy consumption, which is very conducive to achieving the energy-saving requirements of the building.

The most important measure to save building energy consumption is to improve the thermal performance of envelope reasonably, and the energy-saving effect of high-efficiency thermal insulation wall is obvious. 250 thick autoclaved fly ash aerated concrete blocks are used for the external wall of the experimental building. This material is a new wall material with fly ash discharged from thermal power plant as the main raw material and advanced production technology and equipment. This material can effectively reduce construction waste, is beneficial to environmental protection, and reduces the waste of resources. It is a real green building material product. Under the condition of meeting the requirements of thermal insulation and energy saving, a layer of 30mm thick silicone thermal insulation mortar is added to reduce the heat transfer coefficient of the outer envelope. Solar energy is the cleanest and richest energy we can use. The solar cell power generation system is installed on the roof of the experimental building, which can directly convert solar radiation energy into electric energy. Battery pack is used to store the electric energy generated by solar cells under illumination, and can supply power to electrical equipment at any time, thus meeting the electricity demand of power and lighting system in buildings. Solar cell power generation technology has many advantages, such as safety, reliability, no pollution, no consumption of conventional fuel, no geographical restrictions, simple maintenance, suitable for installation in buildings and so on. It is a promising new energy utilization technology in the world today. The air conditioning system of the experimental building completely adopts the ground source heat pump technology, which uses the energy stored in the shallow surface. The outdoor temperature fluctuates greatly, but the ground temperature below the surface is relatively constant all year round (the surface temperature of the earth is usually kept at about 65438 05℃), and the excess indoor heat is continuously discharged in summer and absorbed by the earth, so that the indoor temperature and humidity of the building can be properly maintained. This technology has the outstanding characteristics of low energy consumption, little environmental impact, low maintenance cost and flexible design, and is an efficient and environmentally friendly energy utilization system. School of Environment and Energy Engineering of Beijing University of Technology has a good level in the research of this technology. Through this design, not only the scientific research achievements of the college have been applied in specific projects, but also the damage to the building facade caused by hanging outdoor air conditioners has been avoided. The application of optical fiber technology in indoor lighting, roof wind power generation system and other energy-saving and environmental protection measures has made the high-tech energy experimental building a veritable green energy demonstration project.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) summary:

The above has made a simple analysis and research on building energy conservation and the development and utilization of new energy. Building energy conservation and utilization of new energy are fundamental measures to alleviate energy crisis, reduce environmental pollution, improve living and working conditions and promote sustainable economic development. As contemporary architects, we can't just pursue the novelty and uniqueness of architectural modeling, but ignore the waste of energy. We should establish the concept of ecological architecture, respect the natural environment, use the method of combining science and technology, economic benefits and social benefits to carry out planning and design, and implement energy-saving awareness in every link of design, so as to design more high-efficiency and low-energy architectural works that meet the requirements of the times and raise the architectural design concept to a new height.