Mr. Lu Xun said: "If you only look at the place when you are in doubt, and you can't understand it for a long time, then jump over and move on, so that you can understand the place ahead." This method is the further development of Tao Yuanming's reading method of "not asking for a very good solution". Its advantage is that it can save time, improve reading speed and focus on the overall understanding of the original text and the most important content.

Lao She s "Impression" Method;

Lao She said, "I seem to only seek a little inspiration when reading. A good impression is a good book, so there is no time for careful analysis. Impressive' is sometimes not the whole book, but a passage that interests me the most; Because this passage made me feel good about the whole book; In fact, the beauty of this paragraph is enough to ruin all the beauty, but I don't care; There is a saying that I like for two days and am grateful. "

Hua's "thickness" method:

Hua advocates that the first step in reading is "from thin to thick" In other words, reading should be down-to-earth, and every concept and theorem should be thorough and clear. In this way, a thin book becomes "thicker" because of a lot of content, that is, after the step of "from thin to thick", there is a more important step, that is, on the basis of the first step, analyze and summarize, grasp the essence, grasp the whole, and achieve mastery. After such a careful analysis, you will feel that there are not many things to remember. This is a process of "from coarse to fine" to really improve efficiency.

Yang Zhenning s "Infiltration" Reading Method;

Professor Yang Zhenning believes that since knowledge permeates and expands each other, the method of mastering knowledge should also be adapted to it. When we concentrate on studying a course or delving into a subject, if we consciously extend the tentacles of wisdom to the adjacent knowledge fields, it will inevitably produce a different artistic conception. As a link in the familiar knowledge chain, unexpected new discoveries are likely to be made. For those books of related majors, if time and energy permit, you might as well read them. It doesn't matter if you don't understand them for a while. Some valuable revelations may come from semi-communication. Infiltration learning will broaden our horizons, make our thinking active and greatly improve the efficiency of learning.

Bai Shouyi s "research" method;

Bai Shouyi, a famous historian, believes that "the reading of reading should be understood as the reading of the calligrapher's stickers and paintings, not the general reading or reciting. "

Feng said: "When I read a book, whenever I see the benefits, I can't help but enter the' role' in the book. It seems that the actors who perform on the stage can't help but be influenced by the characters in the play. "

Yu s "Afraid of Friends" Reading Method;

Yu, an essayist, said: "We should pay attention to finding friends who are higher than ourselves and make reading a friendly and enterprising activity that requires a lot of brain power. Try to reduce the reading level that is basically the same as your current level, and be willing to accept the shaping of yourself by good books. There may be different grades of books on our shelves, which are suitable for intensive reading. They should not be books that we can look down and look up, but books that we need to look up. "

2, celebrity reading method

Kong Qiu's Combination of Learning and Thinking: "Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous."

Zi si's "five methods": "erudition, interrogation, careful thinking, discernment and loyalty."

Wang Chong's Ancient and Modern Law: "Those who know the past but don't know the present are called Lu Chen, and those who know the present are called blind."

Han Yu's method of "abstract, hook metaphysics": "The recorder must abstract, and the usurper must hook metaphysics."

Zhu's "Trinity": "You should be aware of your mouth, your eyes and your heart."

Xu Teli's Ancient and Modern Chinese and Foreign Laws: "Combine ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign, and become mine."

Tao Zhu's Chew Slowly: "The kung fu of learning is the kung fu of chewing slowly."

Xie Juezai's "squeezing drill method": "There is no time, squeeze; I can't learn, drill. "

Deng Tuo's Law of Accumulation: "People who have learned and achieved in ancient and modern times always pay great attention to accumulation."

Ba Jin's "Hard Learning Law": "Hard learning can overcome everything. The temple of learning, rich and poor can enter. "

Zhao Shuli's Gold Rush Law: "Reading is like mining, and gold is mined in the sand."

Hua's "Thickness Law": "The book becomes thinner from thick, which is a sign of improving reading ability."

Bing Xin's "innovative method": "I hate reading with the ancients."

Lee Joon's "Get rich first and then dilute": "Get rich first and then dilute, and it will be more interesting."

Li Zhengdao's Miscellaneous Law: "I study physics. But I don't specialize in reading physics books, and I also like reading miscellaneous books. It is more active to read more and use more brains. "

Chen Shan's "Access Law": "Can enter and exit."

Lu Xun's reading is diffuse and open, and he is good at gathering. His appreciation of the spirit, mood and taste of Chinese and foreign classics is more important than the accumulation of information. Looking at its monuments, we can know the stagnation of mood; Looking at his diary purchase list, even professional art historians will be surprised by his careful research, in-depth exploration and wide involvement in art history. His knowledge vine framework has been widely extended, so the suspension of his thoughts is stable and heavy. It is indeed a kind of diffusion, not the grain of dulcimer, not the winding of violin, but the diffusion like accordion.

Qian Zhongshu studied, advanced and elite, extensive and profound. The quantity is like a mountain, and the mountains are high and the water is long. Its momentum is like an eagle hitting the sky, and it is unobstructed; Its comprehensiveness, such as comprehensive troops, complete arms, modern methods, thoroughness and vitality. He is a master of plastic surgery of misplaced culture and a master of criminal investigation in the history of 5,000 years of civilization. Mr. Wang is knowledgeable in old knowledge, profound in new knowledge and invincible. However, even the library of Congress has "so much money to teach and not read" (Dong), which shows the necessity and importance of reading choice.

Dong Qiao's reading method, like a well-trained ranger, is freely interspersed, capable and quick, and has repeatedly achieved unexpected results and gains. There is some reading, such as attacking the city and making a quick decision, and construction (abstract generalization) is even more than strategy. Examining his reading methods, we can see that his choices are brilliant, such as Wen Jin, which obviously pays attention to the regenerative ability of knowledge; The eyeful of green is full of the meaning that the four seasons are always open and the flowers are unbeaten. It is a kind of reading style with superiority.

Li Ao's reading posture is rarely open, like a huge park, which has knocked down the fence, absorbed the surrounding scenery and has its own center. Its absorption of knowledge, information and materials, regardless of princes and poor people, gardens and grass, amber beads and diamonds and cattle and horses, is eclectic. He writes instead of reading, reading and writing are integrated and information is piled up. However, every time his point of view is covered by redundant information, people who know it are surprised at first, and then it is inevitable that it will be boring. Although, its appetite is like the first-class figure in rabelais's Biography of the Giant, it is still unique.

3. Talking about reading experience

China is an ancient civilization with a long history of 5,000 years. There are many talents and many scholars. They have accumulated a lot of learning experience.

First of all, read at a glance. This sentence is commonly used by everyone and comes from Liang Shu's Jian Wendi Collection: "Read ten lines." Liu Kezhuang's poem in the Song Dynasty said: "Class Five is short of three points, and one reads ten lines." It is impossible to read ten lines at a glance, but it is an acceptable exaggeration to describe it as fast reading. Nowadays, with the rapid development of science and technology, there are a large number of books. Browsing a large number of books and newspapers really requires reading ability at a glance.

Two groups of books. Liang Qichao, a famous scholar in the late Qing Dynasty, was good at reading. He divides the books he wants to read every day into two categories: one is general and rough reading; One is valuable, read it carefully; The epigrams should be read intensively. This method of reading with clear priorities has benefited him a lot.

Third, make good use of the "three surpluses". Dong Yu, a famous educator in the Three Kingdoms period, often taught his students to make full use of their spare time to study. He said, "Winter is idle, night is idle, and rain is idle." Ouyang Xiu, a writer in the Song Dynasty, said to his admirers with deep feelings: "Most of the articles written by Yu Pingsheng are on the third floor, immediately, on the pillow and in the toilet." Of course, the language of "Sanshang" is somewhat exaggerated, which is not conducive to health and is not enough for training. This shows how important it is to seize all the time.

Fourth, read "Four Arrivals". In the Song Dynasty, Zhu proposed that reading should be "in twos and threes". In modern times, Hu Shi added "hand opponent" to form a good reading method of "eye to eye, mouth to mouth, hand to heart". Only by reading, memorizing, writing and thinking can we read, remember and use.

Fifth, your "five uses". Mr. Lu Xun, a great modern writer, summed up the above-mentioned "four arrivals" with a "brain arrival" as "five uses", especially emphasizing not only the need to remember with the "heart", but also the need to think with the "brain", being good at discovering laws, being brave in asking questions and being brave in creating. This formulation of "eyes, mouth, hands, heart and brain" is more comprehensive and has more obvious benefits, which has become the key to reading.

Sixth, learn to avoid the "six shields". The ancients believed that if you don't study hard, you will become a fool, a tramp, a thief, a strangler, an unruly person and a madman. In short, you are a bad person. Confucius once said to his disciples, "Kindness is not easy to learn, but it is foolish to hide it." . If you are good at learning, your cover will swing. Honesty is difficult to learn, and its cover is also a thief. If it's straight, it's not easy to learn. The cover is twisted. If you are brave and study hard, your cover will be messy. It is difficult to learn, but it is also crazy.

Seven, "seven burns and seven records". At the end of the Ming Dynasty, there was a great scholar named Zhang Pu. When he was studying in Fachet, he copied it, read it again, and then burned the manuscript. Copy it, read it, burn it, copy it, and repeat it seven times until you know it by heart and understand it. He studied hard and became famous, and named his study Qi Shao Zhai, also known as Qi Lu Zhai.

Eight, "surrounded by enemies." This is an excellent reading method invented by Su Dongpo, an all-powerful writer in the Song Dynasty. Every time he reads a book, he divides it into several aspects, such as meaning, truth, cultural relics and so on. He delves into one aspect and studies it step by step, with remarkable results. Dongpo said: "Although this is pedantic and blunt, you will learn something in the future, and you will be attacked on all sides, which is not the same as the dabbler."

Nine, identify nine things. Chen Zhongfan, a close friend, has made great achievements in studying ancient books. He summed up nine things: "Don't tell the truth once a day; Two-day knowledge method; Three days of clear training; Four days to distinguish chapters and sentences; Five-day test; Six days of communication; Seven-day study of classics should know the family law; The history of the eight-day rule should examine historical facts in detail; Philosophers of the nine-day rule should know the difference. "

Ten, ten eyes and one line. Browsing with one eye and ten lines can be learned, and focusing with one eye and one line can be profound. Lu Shiyi, a scholar in Qing Dynasty, succeeded in reading with "ten eyes and one line".

Hundreds of times. The reason why Han Yu became a literary leader of "the decline of eight generations of literature" is because he "talked about six arts" since he was a child, and his hands were constantly covered with the compilation of a hundred schools of thought. Mr. Lu Xun once said vividly: "You have to pick many flowers like bees to make honey." If you bite in one place, your income will be limited and boring. " Read a hundred books and read them a hundred times. Zhu said, "If you read a book a hundred times, you will understand its meaning." . Su Dongpo also said: "I can never get tired of reading old books, but I can learn freely when I am familiar with them."

A diary of thousands, thousands of words. Han Yu studied hard since he was a child and kept a thousand words in his diary. When talking about his learning methods, Ye Yisheng said: "Every time you read a book, there must be more than a dozen paragraphs a day, at least six or seven paragraphs." It's a good idea to recite thousands of words every day. "

Ten thousand, ten thousand rolls of Wan Li. Du Fu talked deeply about his writing experience: "Reading is like breaking thousands of books, and writing is like being a god". Sima Qian, a historian of literature and history in the Han Dynasty, summed up his academic experience: "Read thousands of books and follow Wan Li Road". China is rich in cultural classics, so reading thousands of books can accept the indirect experience of our ancestors. China has a vast territory and rich products, so we can know our ambition and gain direct experience when we go to Wan Li Road. The combination of the two makes people's understanding sublimate, discover, invent, create and progress.