1. First, think about whether you like watching colorful tropical aquarium fish and whether you have enough time and energy to feed and care for them; Don't keep them for a moment's pleasure until the fish die needlessly, and spend a sum of money to buy equipment.
2. If there is no problem above and there is no objection from the family, first check whether there is enough space in the house to put the fish tank and set up the necessary lighting system and filtering equipment.
You can go to the library or website to collect the required information, and then decide the size of the marine fish and aquarium you want to raise and the equipment and equipment you need. At the same time, it is best to buy the filtering equipment together with the fish tank.
To decide the marine fish you want to raise and the equipment you need, you have to calculate and prepare the money for buying these equipment. The size of the fish tank determines how much it costs to buy these equipment for the first time and how much it will cost to operate in the future.
Second, the size of the fish tank
1. The fish tank should have enough water level to exchange carbon dioxide CO2 in the water with oxygen in the air to maintain the oxygen content in the water.
2. The water level provided by a tall fish tank is relatively smaller than that of a wide fish tank, so the oxygen content in the water is also relatively low. Because corals need to be raised in water with high oxygen content, people who want to raise corals should pay attention to this.
3. In nature, the territory of fish is horizontal, and the territory provided by a tall fish tank is relatively low, which makes it easy for the fish raised in the fish tank to often fight for territory.
4. The large fish tank has more water storage capacity and higher water stability than the thin fish tank, such as pH, water temperature and so on. Providing a stable environment is the most important condition for raising marine fish.
5. A fish tank with only fish should have a minimum water storage capacity of 65,438+000 liters, and a fish tank with coral should have a minimum water storage capacity of 65,438+050 liters.
6. Deciding the size of the fish tank depends on whether there is enough space to put the fish tank. Third, the location of the fish tank.
1. Put the fish tank in a well-ventilated place.
2. Where there is sunshine, but the sunshine can't be directed at the fish tank.
3. There should be enough power supply for the required equipment near the fish tank, but the power socket should not be directly above or below the fish tank to prevent leakage.
4. The cabinet for putting the fish tank should be hard enough to support the fish tank, otherwise the cabinet should be customized. 65,438+0 liters of water is about 65,438+0 kg (kg), 65,438+000 liters of water is about 65,438+000 kg (kg), and there are decorations such as sand and stones as the weight.
It is best to put the fish tank near the place where there is water, such as kitchen and bathroom.
6. Choose a place to put the fish tank, and you can start to put the fish tank.
To set up a fish tank:
1. Put the fish tank in the required position. If necessary, clean the fish tank before adding the background picture.
2. Add half a tank of water to test whether the fish tank leaks. The test period is one to two days. Please don't move the fish tank that is full of water.
3. After the test, remove all the water used to test the fish tank, and then you can add other equipment.
4. If bottom sand is not used, please skip steps 5, 6 and 7.
5. If bottom sand filtration method is used, please add the required hose and submersible pump first, and then skip step 6.
6. If live sand filtration method is adopted, please add sand screen first. The distance between the sand screen and the bottom of the cylinder is one inch.
7. After the above steps are completed, the bottom sand can be added. The sand by bottom sand filtration method is 3 mm thick and 7-8 cm thick. The live sand filtration method must have two layers of bottom sand, the bottom sand is 3mm, the top sand is 1mm, and the thickness of each layer of sand is 7 to 8cm. The upper and lower layers of sand should be separated by sand nets.
8. Add other decorations if necessary. Such as biological stones and decorative corals.
9. Add thermometers, heating rods, filtering equipment, etc.
10. Then you can add the adjusted water and place wide floating objects to avoid the impact of water injection on the decoration and bottom sand. The specific gravity of water is 1.022.
1 1. Finally, all the equipment in the fish tank should be tested.
12. When bottom sand filtration method or live sand filtration method is adopted, nitrifying bacteria must be cultivated in sand bed.
13. You can buy fish when it's all over.
Fifth, cultivate digestive bacteria.
1. A good aquarium system must include an effective biological filtration system (such as sand bed and bottom sand filtration method). Because this biofiltration system is not mature in the initial stage of sink setting, most lovers will immediately put their beloved fish or creatures into the aquarium. In fact, this is absolutely wrong, and it will even accelerate their death, so most creatures will be poisoned by toxins in fish tanks.
2. In the initial stage, add digestive bacteria to the preset and immature biological filtration system according to the instructions. Then select some fish with strong physique and low requirements for water quality and put them into the fish tank (such as schizothorax fish).
3. Ammonia (NH3) is excreted by fish, and it will accumulate over time.
If ammonia accumulates continuously, it will produce toxins to kill all living things.
5. When ammonia ammonia reached the peak, aerobic nitrifying bacteria nitrifying bacteria began to oxidize ammonia to nitrite (NO2-). At this time, the ammonia concentration will decrease and the nitrite concentration will start to increase.
6. When nitrite reaches its peak, it will be oxidized by another kind of aerobic nitrifying bacteria to nitrate nitrate (NO3-) with low toxicity. At this time, the concentration of nitrite and nitrate will decrease, and the concentration of nitrate and nitrate will start to increase.
7. Finally, nitrate can be effectively discharged from the fish tank by changing water.
8. It takes a long time to establish a mature biofiltration system, generally about 28 to 35 days, so don't rush to buy your favorite fish.
9. To maintain this mature biological filtration system, it is necessary to add digestive bacteria regularly, such as once a week. If the ultraviolet germicidal lamp is being used, the ultraviolet germicidal lamp should be turned off before adding digestive bacteria, but the rest of the system should continue to run, and then the digestive bacteria should find a suitable place to attach. It is suggested that the downtime after adding digestive bacteria is about 1 ~ 2 hours. Six, how to choose the right fish:
1. Small fish tanks can only raise small fish, while large fish tanks can not only raise large fish, but also small fish can be raised in large fish tanks.
And each kind of fish has its own characteristics. For example, angelfish and butterfly fish don't like to grab food, unlike clown fish and schizothorax fish, but lion fish and shells are very big diners. Like gobies, they often stay at the bottom of the tank, but some fish swim around, such as upside-down fish and Humphrey fish. Some fish are territorial, while others are very docile.
3. Don't put the fish that likes to rob food and the fish that doesn't like to rob food in the same fish tank.
4. Pay attention to the position of different fish in the aquarium and arrange different fish in different positions in the aquarium.
We should also pay attention to the difficulty of raising different kinds of fish. Don't raise difficult fish from the beginning, but raise some strong fish.
6. After arranging the fish you want to buy, you can buy fish.
Seven, how to choose healthy fish:
1. Buy from a familiar and trustworthy place. Or introduced by a trusted friend.
2. First observe whether there are wounds and festers on the surface of the fish, or whether the color on the body has faded. You can choose some full-bodied fish.
3. Then observe the swimming posture of the fish in the water to see if there is any abnormal swing of the fish. You can choose some more active ones.
4. Observe whether the fish's eyes are sound, and choose the ones with crystal clear and smooth eyes. Don't write about fish with cloudy eyes and a white film on their eyes. Pay attention to whether the fish's eyes are more prominent than those of the same shape
5. Choose fish with complete fins and pay attention to whether there is too much mucus in the skin.
6. Also pay attention to whether the fish breathes faster than the fish of the same shape. If you can, please ask the boss to feed it and see if the fish is eating normally.
After you decide what kind of fish to buy, you can buy fish.
Eight, how to let the fish quietly into the fish tank:
1. Please don't shake the fish bag hard on your way home.
2. After returning home, feed the fish already in the fish tank, and then dim the lights.
3. Clean the bag containing fish. Then put the bag into the fish tank 15 minutes to make the water temperature in the fish tank and the bag the same.
4. Observe whether the old fish is hostile to the new fish in the bag. If there is no malicious action, please skip step 5.
If there is malicious behavior, it is necessary to isolate the new fish and mix them together after the hostility is eliminated.
6. Add some water from the fish tank to the bag. Repeat adding 20% water every 5 minutes for 3 to 4 consecutive times. In this way, the water temperature in the fish tank can be brought into the bag, so that the new fish can adapt to the water with different pH and specific gravity first, and the inadaptability of the new fish to the new environment can be reduced.
7. After completing these steps, open the bag and let the new fish swim into the aquarium by themselves. Nine, marine fish daily care table
1. Daily
O General health check for all living things in the fish tank (check the number of fish, coral, software, etc. And whether there are signs of wounds, diseases, etc. )
O feeding fish (the feeding frequency is uncertain, and the most commonly used is small meals. The amount varies, but overfeeding and contamination of prohibited food must be avoided. )
O Check the water temperature (based on 26 degrees Celsius). Without corals, anemones and software, the water temperature from 20℃ to 30℃ is not a big problem. )
O Remove waste from the nitrogen generator collection cup.
O general inspection of equipment (check whether all equipment in use is running normally. ) 2. Every other day
O add water (the water in the fish tank will evaporate with the humidity of the surrounding air, while the salt will remain in the fish tank. In order to reduce the excessive impact and pressure of the outside world on all creatures in the fish tank, just add fresh water slowly. ) 3. Every week
O clean the surface of the fish tank.
O remove the salt attached to the fish tank.
O Add required trace elements (if necessary) 4. Once every two weeks.
O Replace 15%-25% water in the fish tank (depending on the number of living things raised in the fish tank)
O Check the specific gravity salinity (use a salt hydrometer to measure the specific gravity of water. The normal specific gravity is1.021-1.024).
O check the pH value (use a pH tester to test the pH value of water. The normal pH value is pH 8. 1-8.3)
O check ammonia (NH3/NH4+)
O check nitrite (NO2)
O check nitrate (NO3)
O replace the filter cotton in the cartridge filter.
O clean the cooling lighting system.
O clean the electronic system in the fish tank (such as the detector of electronic thermometer) 5. Every month.
O Sweep the bottom sand (if any). 6. Every two months.
O Replace the gas stone and gas wood in the nitrogen generator.
O replace activated carbon.
O clean the nitrogen generator.
O remove excessive algae from the fish tank
O check all electrical equipment to ensure the safety of power connection. 7. quarterly magazine.
O clean the cylinder filter
O clean the inside of all connecting pipes.
O clean the inside of quartz tube of ultraviolet germicidal lamp.
O Replace the filter cotton at the air inlet of air pump 8. Every six months or longer.
O Replace the lamp tube of ultraviolet germicidal lamp (if necessary)
O Replace the lights of the lighting system (if necessary) X. Replace the fish tank water.
Say this too! Who can't change the water?
This step is often done, seemingly simple and incomprehensible, but it is so inconspicuous and often makes mistakes that no one has ever written it.
The frequency and quantity of water change are not specified. The main problem is to make fish live a healthy life. How often and how small it is depends on your observation and experience, because no one has a fish tank like you.
-It is recommended to change it once a week, and change the water every time 10%.
Correct steps for changing fish tank water:
1. Store enough fresh water before changing water and release chlorine in fresh water, because our country uses chlorine to disinfect our own water. If necessary, fresh water can be stored two or three days in advance. Some friends even use gas wood or gas stone to pump air in fresh water, or add submersible pump to make water flow and speed up gas exchange.
2. Before changing the water, add enough sea salt to the fresh water stored in advance, and then stir it to completely dissolve the salt particles. Measure the specific gravity of fresh water with a hydrometer, and the specific gravity should be consistent with that of fish tank water, reaching the standard of 1.022. If necessary, fresh water and salt can be mixed two or three days in advance, and added to the submersible pump to make the water flow, so as to completely dissolve salt particles and enhance the dissolved oxygen of new seawater.
3. When changing water, first take out the old seawater that needs to be replaced from the fish tank, and then slowly add new seawater into the fish tank. Don't pour all the new water into the fish tank next time, so as to avoid the residual undissolved salt particles entering the fish tank and affecting the living things. If there is a sand tank (bottom tank), the process of changing water should be carried out in the sand tank.