The vertical calculation of multiplying three digits by one digit is a basic operation method in mathematics. Suppose we want to calculate the result of multiplying 854 by 7. The following calculations are required:
1, with 854 above and 7 below, and the numbers are aligned.
854
× 7
-
2. Multiply 7 by 4 from one digit to get 28. Write 8 in one place and 2 in another as a carry. Remember it for the time being.
854
× 7
-
eight
Multiply 3.7 by 5 and add the previous carry 2 to get 37. Write 7 in tens, without carry.
854
× 7
-
Seventy-eight
Next, multiply 7 by 8 to get 56. Write 6 and 5 in the hundredth bit as carry, remember it for the time being.
854
× 7
-
656
5. Write the carry 5 on thousands to get the final result.
By calculation, 854 times 7 equals 5658.
The vertical calculation of multiplying three digits by one digit needs to be multiplied bit by bit from right to left, so pay attention to the handling of carry. This method is easy to understand, suitable for small-scale mathematical calculation, and can better understand the principle and steps of multiplication operation.
Vertical computing concept
Vertex is a multi-digit operation method, which is usually used for addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. By arranging each bit of the operand in a vertical column and calculating bit by bit from right to left, the result is finally obtained.
In addition, the corresponding bits of two or more addends are aligned by vertical calculation, and then added bit by bit from right to left, and the carry is reserved for adding the next bit; In subtraction, vertical calculation will also align the corresponding bits of the minuend and the minuend, subtract one bit from right to left, and borrow it if necessary.
In multiplication, vertical calculation puts one multiplier on the single line above, and the other multiplier is multiplied by the multiplier bit by bit, and then the partial products of each bit are added to get the final result; In division, vertical calculation divides the dividend and divisor bit by bit, and writes the quotient on the top line, similar to the traditional long division.