Sun Simiao was a famous doctor in Tang Dynasty and a native of Beijing. When I was a teenager, I studied medicine because of my infirmity, specializing in medical classics and reading hundreds of classics. He is a well-read man who combines Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. In his medical practice, he constantly improved his medical skills, humbly studied the achievements of ancient and modern medicine, personally investigated and studied, constantly summed up experience, and did not covet fame and fortune. He repeatedly refused the requests of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, Emperor Taizong and Tang Gaozong to invite him to be an official in Beijing. He is neither humble nor humble, and takes pains to save lives as a sacred and lofty duty. His medical ethics can set an example for the world. His brilliant medical skills and lofty medical ethics made him enjoy a high reputation at that time and later generations. For thousands of years, his vivid story of saving lives has been widely circulated among the people. At the age of 20, Sun Simiao was famous for his skillful medical skills. In addition, he lived a long life, 100 years old, and made great achievements in his life, and his daughter country and daughter country were the crystallization of his medical achievements in his life.
Fang Yao was written in Yonghui, Tang Gaozong for three years. At this time, he was 72 years old and had been a doctor for more than 50 years. Book * * * 30 volumes, because of heavy life, there is a baby daughter, while helping it, virtue does not stop there. And named after Qianjin for patients' urgent needs. Thirty years later, when Sun Simiao/Kloc-0 was 0/00 years old, he personally went to various places to collect, plant and process drugs and clinical practice experience, and wrote 30 volumes of "Thousand Gold Fang Yi", which is really a companion piece of thousands of gold. As the most representative medical masterpiece in Sun Simiao's life, Qian Jin Fang Yao and Qian Jin Fang Yi complement each other and are praised by later generations as the first encyclopedia of clinical medicine in the history of China medicine.
There are 30 volumes, 232 chief editors and more than 5,300 prescriptions, including gynecology, pediatrics, ENT, internal medicine, surgery, detoxification, first aid, diet therapy, massage, pulse diagnosis, acupuncture and so on. There are 30 volumes of Qianjin Fang Yi, which focuses on the collection time and methods of 233 kinds of drugs, describes the cultivation methods of more than 20 kinds of commonly used drugs, and records the drugs produced in 133 state, making up for the omissions and shortcomings of the newly revised Materia Medica. After the preface of the first volume, the main prescriptions are listed as follows: 3 volumes of gynecological prescriptions and 2 volumes of pediatric prescriptions, mainly gynecology and pediatrics. He believes that the way to give birth to the people is to raise more children, and putting women, children and husbands before the elderly is the essence of respect.
There are as many as seven volumes in Master Prescription and Wing Prescription, which put forward a series of simple, practical and effective medical and health care methods for irregular menstruation, metrorrhagia, leucorrhea, labor, dystocia, first aid for infants, maternal and child health care, and prevention of infectious diseases among women and children, and made outstanding contributions to the development of maternal and child medicine and theory.
Sun Siqu attached great importance to the treatment of typhoid fever. He collected part of Zhang Zhongjing's prescriptions for treating typhoid fever, and the expositions of Hua Tuo, Wang Shuhe, Zhang Zhan and Zhang Miao on typhoid fever. Master Fang and Wing Fang each have two volumes devoted to treating typhoid fever, which records many measures to prevent the spread of fever. In his later years, Sun Simiao saw another version of Treatise on Febrile Diseases. On the basis of in-depth research, he sorted it out by the method of syndrome differentiation and treatment. For example, he suggested that Guizhi decoction, Mahuang decoction, Qinglong decoction and Chaihu decoction should be used to treat solar diseases respectively, that is, the so-called prescriptions and syndromes are consistent and attached to each other, so it is necessary to review them hastily and easily. This has a far-reaching impact on the treatment of typhoid fever in later generations, and has been used in the treatment practice of typhoid fever for a long time. Sun Simiao has also made outstanding achievements in treating miscellaneous diseases. He demonstrated the miscellaneous diseases of internal medicine with the five zang-organs as the key link, and each zang-fu organ had a separate volume to demonstrate its pathology and related diseases, thus forming a relatively independent and complete system, which made contributions to the diagnosis and miscellaneous diseases of internal medicine.
Emphasizing the principle of combining acupuncture with medicine is another feature of Sun Simiao's medical theory. He pointed out that the merits of acupuncture are not limited to decocting drugs, and that only by mastering acupuncture and prescription and combining them can we call it a good doctor. C. He drew three large-scale color maps of human meridians and acupoints, namely the Eleven Meridians and the Eight Strange Meridians, which were drawn in different colors from the front, back and side, respectively, and calibrated 650 acupoints, creating a precedent for color acupuncture drawing. Sun Simiao recorded various acupuncture methods and more than 400 acupuncture prescriptions, 100 diseases, which are of great value in acupuncture.
Providing dietotherapy is an important part of Sun Simiao's medical theory. He inherited and developed the theory of the relationship between disease and diet in traditional medicine, and advocated that diet should be adjusted when there was no disease. When you have a disease, you should use diet therapy first, and then use drugs after the diet therapy has not healed. Because when you use various drugs to treat diseases, there are not only positive effects, but also adverse side effects, so those who can treat diseases with diet therapy can be called Dr. Zhao. There is a volume of dietotherapy in the main prescription, which includes 154 kinds of foods in four categories: fruits, vegetables, Gu Mi and birds and beasts. This paper introduces their sexual ignorance, taboos, efficacy and indications, and expounds the efficacy and significance of dietotherapy, which lays the foundation for the development of dietotherapy. Sun Simiao attaches great importance to the health care of the elderly and is good at keeping in good health. He combines the health care of the elderly with the prevention and treatment of diseases, forming a fairly systematic and complete health care theory, and advocates the combination of good health habits with moderate labor or exercise and taking nutritious drugs regularly.
Sun Simiao recorded more than 6,500 prescriptions in "Main Prescription and Wing Prescription", which is a master of prescriptions in past dynasties and one of the important milestones in the history of prescriptions in China. Because of Sun Simiao's outstanding achievements in pharmacology, he was called "King of Medicine" by later generations.
The newly revised Materia Medica is the earliest national pharmacopoeia in China and the first pharmacopoeia published by the state in the world. It is more than 800 years earlier than the earliest Nuremberg Pharmacopoeia abroad. On the basis of Shen Nong's Classic of Materia Medica, Tao Hongjing collected 365 kinds of drugs discovered since the Han and Wei Dynasties, which were not included in Shen Nong's Classic of Materia Medica, and wrote a book called Bielu of Famous Doctors with ink pen, and at the same time wrote Shen Nong's Classic of Materia Medica with Zhu pen, and compiled the two books together, which was called Notes on the Classic of Materia Medica. Jiwa's first contribution was to sort out the drugs contained in Materia Medica one by one and correct the mistakes in the original book or manuscript; Secondly, according to the natural sources of drugs, drugs are divided into six categories: jade, vegetation, insect fish, animals, fruits and vegetables, and rice food, and their drug classification is quite distinctive; Third, the understanding of the taste, source, collection, morphology and identification of drugs has been greatly improved compared with the previous generation. The medicinal properties of drugs can be divided into seven types: cold, slight cold, severe cold, warm, warm, hot and hot. The method of classifying drugs according to diseases was pioneered, and the general drugs for various diseases were listed, which provided convenience for clinic.
Materia Medica has its time and geographical limitations. Tao Hongjing lived in the south all his life and didn't know enough about northern medicine. The unification of Sui and Tang Dynasties, especially the development of Sino-foreign exchanges in Tang Dynasty, brought some new drugs from the frontier and foreign countries, and there are many new experiences to be sorted out and summarized in medical practice. Therefore, it is basically possible to compile a pharmacopoeia that can reflect the achievements of pharmacology in the Tang Dynasty.
In the second year of Tang Gaozong's celebration, Li Xufeng wrote to edit Materia Medica and expanded it on the basis of the Notes on Materia Medica, and named it Yinggongtang Materia Medica. Later, Su Jing wrote to Tang Gaozong asking the government to organize official forces to revise Compendium of Materia Medica. Emperor Gaozong allowed him to organize more than 20 experts to revise this Materia Medica. Finally, Sun Chang Wuji and others revised it, and it was promulgated in the fourth year of Xianqing in Tang Gaozong, and it was named "Newly Revised Materia Medica". The newly revised Materia Medica consists of 54 volumes, including 20 volumes of Materia Medica, 25 volumes of Herb Map, 7 volumes of Illustration and 2 volumes of Catalogue, which contains 844 kinds of drugs. This book, on the basis of "Notes on Materia Medica", collected 1 14 more drugs than "Notes on Materia Medica", including new drugs from Nanyang, Arabia, Persia and India. In the classification of drugs, the book divides drugs into nine categories, such as jade, grass, wood, animals, birds, insects, fish, fruits, vegetables, rice grains, famous drugs and myrrh, and establishes the method of classifying drugs according to their natural sources, which has become one of the classification rules of later pharmacology. This book summarizes the pharmaceutical achievements before the Tang Dynasty and since the founding of the People's Republic of China. Rich in content, illustrated. It is a national pharmacopoeia with high authority. This has played an important and positive role in unifying drug names, revising the understanding of drug properties and facilitating doctors' clinical application. After the book was published, it was designated as a teaching material by the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and became a must-read book in China for the next two or three hundred years. At the same time, it was introduced to Japan, North Korea and other countries, where it was listed as a compulsory course for medical students.