1. Lin
Lin, whose original name was 1904, was born in a bureaucratic intellectual family in Minhou, Fujian. His father, Lin Changmin, who studied in Japan in his early years, is a new figure. 19 16 entered Beijing Peihua Girls' High School. 1920 traveled around Europe with his father Lin Changmin from April to September, including London, Paris, Geneva, Rome, Frankfurt, Berlin and Brussels. In the same year, she attended St. Mary's Girls' School in London. 192 1 Returned to Peihua Girls' High School. 1923 participated in the activities of crescent society. From 65438 to 0924, he studied in the United States, entered the Academy of Fine Arts of the University of Pennsylvania, and took architectural courses. Graduated from 65438 to 0927 with a bachelor's degree in fine arts. In the same year, he entered the drama school of Yale University and studied stage art design in Professor G.P. Parker's studio. /kloc-0 married Liang Sicheng in Ottawa, Canada in March, 928. After marriage, he went to Europe to inspect architecture and returned to China in August of the same year.
After 1949, Lin did three great things in art: first, he participated in the design of the national emblem, second, he transformed the traditional cloisonne, and third, he participated in the design of the monument to the people's heroes, which made great contributions to the nation and the country. Unfortunately, her ambition paid off. 1, 1,1On the morning of April 5, she passed away at the age of 5 1.
2. Forest and architecture
Lin followed Ou's father to Europe when he was 0/6 years old, and lived in London for one year. Influenced by the female architect in the neighborhood, she decided to study architecture in the future. 1924, Lin and Liang Sicheng chose the Department of Architecture of Pennsylvania State University, because the Department of Architecture of Pennsylvania did not recruit girls at that time, and Lin transferred to the Academy of Fine Arts, but her major was architecture.
The author of Biography of Lin said that Liang Sicheng studied architecture because Lin likes architecture. Architecture is the cause of both husband and wife, and it is also the basis of emotional communication. From 1930 to 1945, their husband and wife traveled all over the country 15 provinces, more than 200 counties, and surveyed more than 200 ancient buildings. Many ancient buildings have gained the understanding of the world and the whole country through their investigation and have been protected since then. For example, there are stone bridges in Zhaozhou, Hebei Province, wooden pagodas in Yingxian County and Wukeji in Wutai Mountain. It is precisely because of several visits to Shanxi's ancient buildings that Liang Sicheng solved the structural mystery of China's ancient buildings and completed the interpretation of "architectural style". There is a photo of two people sitting together on the roof of the hall to pray for the New Year in the Temple of Heaven in Beijing. 1936, Lin proudly thought that she was the first woman in the history of China who dared to go to the palace to worship.
Papers on architecture mainly include Several Features of China Architecture, Miscellaneous Notes on Boxer Architecture (co-authored with Liang Sicheng), Introduction to Chapter 1 of Qing-style Building Rules, Introduction to Gold-dust Ancient Buildings (signed by Lin and Liang Sicheng), From Tianning Temple to Architectural Age Identification (signed by Lin and Liang Sicheng) and China.
Forest and literature
In terms of literature, she has written a lot in her life, including dozens of poems, such as You are April on earth, Who loves this endless change, Laughter, Qingyuan, One Day, Passion, Daydream and Fantasy. The drama "Mei Zhen and them"; The short story "Embarrassment". Ninety-nine degrees, etc Prose "Out of the Window", "A piece of sunshine" and so on. Among them, the representative works are You Are an April Day on Earth and the novel Ninety-nine Degree Middle School.
At that time, intellectuals were a minority in society and spiritual aristocrats, and women with good education and outstanding appearance like Lin were rare. She admits that she was brought up with bicultural education. English is an internal way of thinking and expression, an inspiration and a complete cultural world for her. The integration of Chinese and western cultures has created a "cultural forest emblem". She is a poet and has written dozens of poems in her life. She is obviously influenced by Xu Zhimo in her poetry creation, but she has her own characteristics.
4. Lin's feelings
In Lin's emotional world, there are three men, one is the architect Liang Sicheng, the other is the poet Xu Zhimo, and the other is the first-class scholar Jin who will never marry her.
Lin, 16 years old, traveled in Europe. During his stay in England, he met Xu Zhimo, who was studying in England at that time. At that time, Xu Zhimo was already the father of a two-year-old child. Lin of Seeds of Love was attracted by Xu Zhimo's profound knowledge, elegant speech and handsome appearance. Two talented young people fell in love passionately. Yin Hui loves Zhimo deeply, but the shadow of Zhimo's wife, Xiaoyi, has been lingering in her mind. After learning from a painful experience, she and her father returned home early and left without saying goodbye to Zhimo ... Xu Zhimo wrote to Lin's famous poem "Accidental": "I am a cloud in the sky/a wave occasionally projected on you. This is the best confession of Xu Zhimo's feelings for Lin. Love at first sight, go your own way rationally. This is a kind of pure feeling that is difficult to understand in the secular world.
After rational consideration, Lin agreed to the marriage arranged by her father and married Liang Sicheng, the son of Liang Qichao, a famous scholar. Under the arrangement of Liang Qichao, Lin and Liang Sicheng studied in Europe and America, specializing in architectural design. 1928, Lin and Liang Sicheng got married in the Consulate General of China, and Liang Sicheng's brother-in-law is the Consul General. After the marriage, Liang took good care of Lin, and the husband and wife devoted themselves to their beloved construction career. Lin has both the beauty and imagination of a poet and the meticulous and realistic spirit of a scientist. Their investigation and measurement of ancient buildings in Shanxi not only made great contributions to scientific research, but also made many national treasure ancient buildings buried in the wilderness of Shanxi begin to go global and become known to the world.
King is a philosopher and logician. 19 14 graduated from Tsinghua University, and then studied in the United States, Britain and other European countries. After returning to China, he mainly taught in Tsinghua University and Peking University. He never married. I have always loved Lin. Lin and Liang Sicheng hold salon parties at home almost every week, and Jin has always been a frequent visitor to Liang Salon. They have the same cultural background, similar interests and deep friendship, and live next to each other for a long time. Jin spoke highly of his character and talent, and took great care of him. Lin also admired and respected him, and the spiritual exchange between them was extraordinary. Even Liang Sicheng and Lin quarreled, but they also sought reasonable and calm money for arbitration. From beginning to end, Jindu controlled his feelings with the highest reason and loved Lin all his life.
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After human beings entered the history of civilization, women have been submerged in the black hole of history. The liberation of women is much longer than the loss of matriarchal system-the worldwide failure of women. On the road of women's liberation, China started more than 200 years later than the West. However, this does not affect the depth of self-awakening and the quality of self-realization of female dreamers in China in the 20th century. Quite a few of them flaunt their independent character in the form of new literature, which makes us see a beautiful life different from the traditional "ivory color" and full of youth and times. Lin should be a very special one in this group. In the face of such a woman, if we still want to pester her emotions, then the philosopher Jin is said to be sincere in staying unmarried for life, which can best explain her mood. If we still want to remember her talent, then her poems and essays, as well as the works she completed with Liang Sicheng, are not enough to show the whole of her talent, because those witty words full of intellectuality and spirituality are absolutely famous all over the world; If we want to remember her elegance and the ego that intellectual women can't bear to give up, then the living room of the wife who stays in Xiao Gan's memory and Bing Xin's novels will always be a stage full of golden mean associations. If we have to remember her persistence and sincerity, then her life's illness and the numerous ancient temples in the wilderness accompanied by Liang Sicheng's inspection are enough to prove that she cried for the death of those relatives and friends and that she is indeed a rare real woman.