Nobel prizes are divided into six categories: physics, chemistry, physiology (or medicine), literature, economics and peace prize.

The Nobel Prize is a series of awards based on the will of Swedish chemist A.B. Nobel.

Nobel said in his will that most of his legacy will be used as a fund, and his interest (about $200,000) will be awarded to those who made the greatest contribution to mankind in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and peace in the previous year.

According to Nobel's will, in the whole selection process, the winners are not influenced by any nationality, nationality, ideology or religious belief, and the first criterion for selection is the size of achievements.

According to the Nobel will, the physics prize and chemistry prize are assessed by the Royal Swedish Academy of Science, the physiology or medicine prize is assessed by the karolinska institutet, the literature prize is assessed by the Swedish Academy of Literature, and the peace prize is elected by the Norwegian Parliament.

The economics prize is awarded by the Science Prize of the Royal Swedish Academy. Each awarding unit has a Nobel Committee composed of five people responsible for the selection work, which is held every three years.