Mathematics teaching theory is adapted from the teaching notes written and used by the author for many years, with unique ideas and a relatively complete theoretical system. Mathematics teaching theory discusses the quality of mathematics teachers, mathematics culture and mathematics education theory, and also studies some practical problems in middle school mathematics teaching. Mathematics teaching theory has collected many teaching cases and comments, which is helpful to improve the actual teaching level of mathematics teachers. Mathematics teaching theory is suitable as the teaching material of undergraduate mathematics teaching theory, mathematics pedagogy and other courses in normal universities, or as the reference material for postgraduate education and the teaching material for teachers' continuing education, and also as the teaching material for self-study examination of mathematics education specialty.