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Is mathematics a natural science?
Mathematics is not a natural science but a formal science.

Mathematics is a strange thinking tool. If used properly, it can reveal the relationship between things and lay the foundation for scientific invention. However, mathematics is not everything, if it is used in inappropriate places.

It's confusing. If we rely on these data to make decisions, there will be serious mistakes or even failures. These seemingly impossible mistakes fill every corner of human society.

Mathematics is a tool for us to understand and analyze the known universe and the unknown universe (most mathematics departments and physics departments will argue whether the so-called mathematics here is a tool, physics departments think that mathematics is a tool, physics is a method, and mathematics departments think that mathematics is the basis of all sciences.

Mathematics plays an irreplaceable role in the development of human history and social life, and it is also an indispensable basic tool for studying and studying modern science and technology. Formal science is a branch of knowledge related to formal systems, such as logic, mathematics, theoretical computer science, information theory, system theory, decision theory, statistics and some semantics.

The two most important pillars of natural science are observation and logical reasoning:

By observing nature and logical reasoning, natural science can guide the laws in nature. If the observed phenomenon is different from the prediction of the law, it is either because the observation is wrong, or because the law that has been considered correct so far is wrong, and supernatural factors do not exist.

According to the traditional usage, natural science can be understood as biological science (involving biological procedures), and physical science (involving the physical and chemical laws of the universe) can be distinguished from chemical science.