1. What do children mainly learn in mathematics?
? "Core concept" actually refers to "children's main learning content", with the help of mind mapping. I divide children's main learning contents in mathematics into four directions: 1, set and mode; 2. The concept and calculation of number; 3. Comparison and measurement; 4. Geometry and space.
Combined with the story content of our picture book, it mainly involves the concept and calculation of number, which mainly involves three aspects, namely counting, symbol of number and operation of number.
Next, let's open the story "Count the Stars with Me" and read the hidden "mathematical knowledge" together.
The biggest feature of this book is that the "stars" in the book are three-dimensional and fluorescent.
Three-dimensional and fluorescent "stars" can arouse children's interest and attract their "attention" more.
This is a bedtime story that can bring "surprise"! Ten stars shine in the night sky ... Each star can realize one wish. You said that the shining stars fell on my story book, would the children be tempted to touch and count? At this time, our mathematics education actually began.
Second, what should we pay attention to in the process of "counting"?
1, fixed order principle
Just count 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ... We need to know that 1 comes before 2 and 2 comes after 1.
Tip: It is suggested that the age range should start with the number 1~5.
2. The principle of one-to-one correspondence
When counting, a number can only correspond to one object, and a number can only be used once.
Tip: 1. According to the principle of one-to-one correspondence, parents are advised to train their children to count one by one from left to right. The purpose of fixing the direction in the early stage is: when the children count one by one, they don't miss out or occupy the majority.
2. After counting, draw a circle around all the items with your fingers and tell the children how many there are "a * * *".
3, the principle of order independence
When counting, it has nothing to do with the order of being counted. No matter from left to right or from middle to both sides, the result of a number is always a number.
Third, intuitively perceive the reduction of "quantity" one by one
Through the above animation, we can intuitively see that with the development of the story. The number of stars decreased one by one.
The perception of "decreasing one by one" is to lay a solid foundation for "digital operation". With the realization of the wish, a star will die. ......
I especially like the guide questions in picture books, which are full of "fun"
Ten wishing star are shining in the night sky.
Every star can realize one wish.
A lamb made a wish on a star: "Let me be a dancer!" " "
Look, her wish has come true! She danced happily.
What's left now ......
"What's left now ..." Make reading a game. Maybe the child will have a "guess"; Maybe children will be "reasonable"; Maybe children will be "creative". Every page is full of curiosity! Will there be fewer stars? How much is missing? One the first time, maybe two the second time? What will the next lamb have?
By reading the above information, we can read this picture book story well?
No, no, no ~ ~
Focus! Focus! Focus!
The track and characteristics of children's development that can not be ignored
Fourthly, the track and characteristics of children's counting development.
Judging from the structure of counting, it is mainly divided into two aspects: content and action.
(1) content.
1, oral calculation
Appears in 2~3 years old, children use their mouths to "mechanically memorize" numerical sequences, and the phenomenon of "inconsistent hands and mouths" appears. Children only understand the order of numbers, but do not really understand the concept of "quantity".
For example, children can read the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 correctly, and there will be missing or repeated numbers in .........................................................................................................................................). They just mechanically remember the order of numbers, and don't understand why 1 must be before 2 and 2 must be after 1.
2, according to the number of things
Counting by objects refers to pointing to objects one by one with your fingers and saying numbers one by one in order. Children aged 2~3, even if they can count things, often can't tell the total. Children aged 3~4 can tell the total number well, and the accuracy of the number will decrease with the increase of the number.
Step 3 tell the total
Telling the total number means that after counting the objects, you can say the last number to represent the number of all the counted objects. Children aged 4-5 can accurately count their hands and mouths, and tell the total number of objects within 10.
Step 4 Count by group
Counting in groups, that is to say, children are separated from "one by one" and directly counted in groups. For example: 2 2 numbers and 5 5 numbers. At the age of 5~6, children gradually develop the ability to count in groups.
(2) action.
1, hand movements
Touch the object-point to the object-distinguish the object with your eyes instead of your hands.
The development of children's hand movements, from touching objects with their hands to counting points, will gradually develop to pointing at objects in the air. By this time, the hands, eyes and mouth were well developed. It is precisely because of this stage that children will gradually develop to directly inspect objects with their eyes, thus achieving a small amount of direct vision.
2. Language actions
Say the numbers out loud.-Say the numbers out loud.-Count.
The process of children's counting is a consistent process of eyes, hands and mouth. The development of hand movements also means that the mouth is going through a development process. Children who are new to counting will count loudly when counting. With the increase of counting activities and experience, children will gradually reduce the sound of counting, always count with their lips, and finally develop into "silent counting" in their hearts with visual counting.
At the end of the picture book, 10 lamb goes to sleep with his wish. What can we do at this time?
1, a retrospective story of "one-to-one correspondence" with this child.
For example, the first sheep wishes to be a dancer.
Tip: When we review, the finger tip function is equally important. Make it clear before expression. While reviewing the counting, the child also helped him sort out the whole development plot of the story.
1, enrich the expression of the retrospective statement of the story and review the feeling of "number MINUS one"
For example, there are 10 stars in the sky. The first sheep wants to be a dancer. It realized its wish. One star was missing from the sky, and now there are nine stars left.
Tip: This kind of statement and expression will test children's expressive ability, and parents can bring their children to make statements. We need to go back to the previous story.
At this time, we can do such work. Put the corresponding abstract numbers next to the concrete objects. While reviewing the story, you can count it again
l？ After counting, draw a big circle on all the objects with your fingers.
l？ When you are finished, click the corresponding number next to it.
l？ Take the children to know the numbers while counting (it is recommended to read them three times).
At this time, someone will ask? Why can't numbers appear when reading?
(1) First of all, at the end, it respects the integrity and continuity of the story.
(2) Don't interrupt your child's interest easily.
(3) Pay attention to reviewing the summary and refinement of knowledge.
Today, we explored the mystery of "mathematics" hidden in the story "Count the stars with me". Of course, in addition to the hidden mathematical knowledge, there are! There are not many "keywords" in the story this time. Read stories, recognize words, and recognize vocabulary. I haven't left them all behind.
Counting Stars with Me starts from fun and fully respects the principle of children's reading. Emotionally speaking, it is a picture book with good interaction. From the enlightenment of mathematics, children can be intuitively guided to perceive "counting bit by bit"; "Reduce the numbers one by one." Parent-child reading, because we see the education hidden in picture books, reading is the real "enjoyment of reading."