"Four-fold" means emphasizing practice, process and method.
1. Heavy foundation
That is, teachers should carefully study the syllabus and teaching materials, extract knowledge points in strict accordance with the syllabus, highlight key points and difficulties, and let students understand the knowledge structure system of teaching content and their respective positions and functions in the structure system.
Pay attention to reality
First, teachers should conduct in-depth investigation and study to understand students' reality, including students' study, life, family environment, hobbies, specialties, learning strategies and levels.
Second, it means that the content of mathematics teaching should be as close as possible to the reality of production and life;
Third, we should strengthen practice and let students experience the practical value of mathematics in the process of theoretical study.
3. Heavy process
Revealing the mathematical process is not only the requirement of the mathematical discipline system, but also the requirement of human understanding of the law, and it is also the need to cultivate students' ability. "In a sense, it is more important for students to use' mathematical process' to learn methods and train skills than to master knowledge itself". One is to reveal the process of raising or generating mathematical problems; The second is to reveal the connection, connection and difference between old and new knowledge; The third is to reveal the thinking process and thinking method of solving problems; Fourth, we should sum up the ideas, methods and laws of solving problems. In short, we should reveal the thinking process of acquiring mathematical knowledge through students' own activities on the basis of inspiration and induction, so as to develop students' ability.
Attention method
"Mathematical method is the general name of concrete methods, means and ways to solve mathematical problems in mathematical activities." The so-called emphasis on methods, first, attaches importance to the learning of teaching methods, which is not only conducive to students' acceptance and understanding, but also enables students to fully use their brains, words and hands to master mathematical knowledge, mathematical process and problem-solving methods; Second, we should attach importance to the guidance of learning methods, that is, to the teaching of mathematical methods. The guidance of mathematics learning methods is extensive and rich in content, including guiding students to read mathematics textbooks, examining questions and answering questions, summarizing knowledge system, conducting self-examination and self-evaluation, reviewing and reflecting on the process of solving problems, and training mathematics knowledge system and skills.
"Three", that is, teachers should know what they are, have feelings in their hearts and have people in their hearts. "Really think what students think, doubt what students suspect, make it difficult for students, make mistakes for students, forget what students forget, learn what students know and enjoy, lead students to roam freely in the ocean of knowledge with superb educational skills and wit, guide students' thinking with their own thoughts, enlighten students' wisdom with their own wisdom, stimulate students' emotions with their own emotions, and adjust students' emotions with their own will. Classroom has entered a compatible and subtle world, and teaching has become a pleasant, creative and exciting' spiritual liberation' movement.
"Eight Guidance" means discipline value orientation, love orientation, interest orientation, goal orientation, competition orientation, environment orientation, example orientation and method orientation.
1. Subject value orientation
It is to let students understand the subject value of mathematics and why they should learn mathematics knowledge.
First, let students know the long history of mathematics;
The second is to let students understand the relationship between mathematics and various disciplines, especially its position and role in natural science;
Third, let students understand the position and role of mathematics in industrial and agricultural production, modernization and modern science and technology; Fourth, let students understand the relationship between current mathematics learning and further learning and ability growth in the future, so as to enhance their consciousness of overcoming psychological obstacles in mathematics learning and actively participate in learning.
2. Love guidance
Care for students, love students, understand students, respect students, and help students overcome learning difficulties. Especially for students with poor math scores, teachers should take the initiative to care for them, consult their opinions, try their best to let them experience the fun of learning math and offer them sincere love.
3. Interest guidance
First, the question is interesting. "The problem is quite difficult, but it is not unattainable. It can be overcome through hard work, but it is not easy; You can create conditions to find ways to solve problems, but it will not happen overnight ";
The second is to create vivid and intuitive typical scenes through the combination of teaching content and students' reality, to stimulate students' interest and interest in learning. In addition, there are language excitement, variant excitement, novelty excitement, migration excitement, activity excitement and so on.
4. Goal guidance
Mathematics teachers should have a teaching objective system, including class objectives, group objectives, top students' objectives and underachievers' objectives, which should be oriented to all students, so that top students, middle students and underachievers all have forward goals and the direction of their efforts. Its goal should be long-term and short-term, overall and phased, realistic and advanced. For individual students, especially underachievers and top students, efforts should be made to make them clear their goals and cheer them up through "hints" and "individual conversations".
5. Environmental guidance
"Strengthen the construction of school spirit, class spirit and study style, and optimize the learning environment; Carry out "One Help One" and "Mutual Learning" activities; Strengthen home visits, always keep in touch with parents, solicit their opinions and requirements, and let students have a good learning environment of "caring, helping, understanding and encouraging".
lead by example
Mathematics teachers should guide students to set an example in their own hearts. First of all, they should properly introduce famous mathematicians at home and abroad in their teaching and guide students to learn from them. Second, we should guide students to learn from classmates who study hard in the class and give full play to the "personal effect" of role models; Third, teachers set an example and educate people by themselves.
7. Competition guidance
It is more advanced than learning, catching up with progress and helping others to carry out various competition activities and establish a competition mechanism to guide students to consciously resist and eliminate bad psychological factors.
8. Methodological guidance
While imparting mathematical knowledge and cultivating ability, we should give guidance to mathematical thinking methods, learning methods and problem-solving methods. In a word, there are many psychological obstacles in middle school students' mathematics learning, whose negative effects are obvious and their causes are complicated. Accordingly, the methods to guide middle school students to overcome psychological barriers should be diverse, and there is no fixed model. We math teachers should constantly strengthen the study of educational theory, timely and accurately grasp the students' thinking conditions, improve teaching methods, guide students to consciously eliminate psychological obstacles in math learning, make them truly masters of learning mathematics, and let quality education bloom brilliant flowers and bear fruitful fruits in this garden of math teaching.