-Talking about how to build a simple primary school math classroom?
At present, all kinds of competition classes, observation classes, demonstration classes and open classes emerge one after another at different levels, but these classes all have a common feature: pursuing brand-new teaching concepts, advanced teaching methods, highlights in teaching process design, perfection and flawless teaching effect presupposition. It is conceivable that how much manpower and material resources will be invested in the implementation of such a class. Sometimes, a think tank is set up for a competition class. Every step, every movement and every sentence of the teacher's teaching in the classroom are carefully designed by the think tank, and even students are fully guessed about the possible situations in the classroom, and several sets of plans are designed to take countermeasures against the possible problems in the classroom.
Do we really need this kind of "prosperity" in our classroom? At present, the teaching conditions of many rural schools in China are still relatively backward, and the teaching resources are still very scarce. Where is such classroom teaching needed? How can you stand such a toss? Therefore, simple mathematics classroom has become the ideal teaching realm that many front-line educators are striving for. How to make our classroom level and win more teachers and students should be the focus of our teachers' work. Reviewing the educational process and combining the local educational characteristics, this paper talks about our feelings and views on how to build a simple classroom for primary school mathematics.
Looking Back at Yesterday —— There is a Love Called Letting Go
For thousands of years, our ancestors studied in private schools. From a few to dozens of students sitting in front of the hall, they were taught by an old gentleman. All day, they just read, copy and recite. Teacher's teaching is also academic teaching: the teacher reads one sentence and the students follow it; Teachers say one sentence, students learn one sentence. One ruler and one book are enough for the whole class. When we were young, we were just a piece of chalk, a blackboard and a pile of crumpled books-no performances, no situations and no noisy multimedia courseware. Teaching is like a stick figure, with simple lines and far-reaching artistic conception, which is not gorgeous and wonderful. This kind of classroom occupies our whole study life. At that time, we didn't feel its tranquility and beauty, but it was a little boring and boring. Occasionally, teachers ask questions, which immediately leads to silence in the classroom. It is rare for a few bold students to raise hesitant hands-only the authentic local accent of teachers and students floats across the classroom. In this traditional teaching activity, teachers are responsible for teaching and students are responsible for learning. Teaching is a one-way training activity for teachers and students. The concrete manifestations are as follows: first, teaching is the center, and learning revolves around teaching; The second is teaching-oriented, teaching before learning. Students are taught, not learned, not learned.
Now that I think about it, yesterday's class was quiet, simple and occasionally brilliant, but it was really the old road we didn't want to take again. Judging by a fashionable saying now, this is a kind of "cramming" classroom teaching, which has not established the students' dominant position. In the eyes and hearts of teachers, all they want is how to fill in the books with the knowledge they want to talk about and how to meet the requirements of the syllabus to the greatest extent. As for the process, they never thought about it, nor did they think of it. Students' ability, emotion, values and creativity cannot be developed in the classroom. This kind of quiet and economical teaching is not the classroom we pursue, but a kind of love we should let go of!
Look at today-"It's not easy to say I love you"
In recent years, the new curriculum reform being implemented has made teachers actively participate in the torrent of this educational reform, and the originally clean and simple classroom has suddenly become lively. In the teaching content, teaching philosophy, teaching objectives, teaching process and teaching links, we constantly pursue perfection, and in the choice of teaching means, we use all available media to serve teaching. Multimedia equipment has been improved from the original tape recorder and slide projector to a set of projectors and physical exhibition tables of tens of thousands of yuan. As everyone knows, in this way of striving for perfection and pursuing noise, our classroom teaching has unconsciously entered a misunderstanding: the teacher is talking about meticulous and impeccable teaching process. Classroom teaching is designed as a number of elaborate links under the background of modern scientific media, which are interlocking and colorful. This seemingly complete and perfect classroom has actually become a stage for teachers to perform and gamble. Teachers are content to be "meticulous painters", but they lose their atmosphere because of small details. On the surface, it seems that the classroom is for students, and students are student-oriented. In fact, students have become supporting roles in teachers' performances, their dominant position cannot be truly established, and their creativity cannot be fully exerted. This class can only be summed up in one word "false"!
Japanese mathematics educator Sawada Lev said at the international seminar held in Chongqing, China in 2002: Japanese mathematics education always follows the trend, no matter whether it is good or bad, it only seeks fashion. In fact, this trend is also one of the disadvantages of education in China. When a new round of curriculum reform is implemented in China, teachers devote themselves to the reform with passion, abandon tradition, update ideas and actively innovate. At that time, a top-down curriculum reform in China was going on vigorously-the design of classroom ideas should be as vivid as possible, the atmosphere should be as lively as possible, the teaching methods should be as modern as possible, and the sound, light and electricity should be mounted on the podium in turn. What matters is novelty and novelty. Teachers and students should mobilize their senses to participate in activities. No wonder the teacher is sweating after an open class. It is also because teachers bear too many "burdens" that well-designed teaching can't go wrong. The role of teachers not only represents individuals, but also represents the overall teaching and scientific research level of the school. In addition, there should be no mistake in relying on some expensive computers, display stands, projectors and other modern media for classroom teaching. Imagine that countless ordinary schools simply can't stand such "tossing". This expensive and labor-saving teaching is really "it's not easy to say I love you"!
After the noise, people calm down and think about the normal classroom, look at the simple classroom and call for the classroom to return to the original ecology.
Watch Tomorrow-Invisible Wings
The "impetuous prosperity" of the new curriculum reform has passed. Where should our classroom teaching go? However, no matter how this "invisible wing" flies, "seeking truth from facts and advocating simplicity" is its fundamental principle.
1, see simple math class
There is an advertising word called "simple but not simple", and our math class should also be simple but not simple with a certain height, connotation and level. Simplicity is not simplicity, but conciseness, conciseness and conciseness. As we all know, we should try to avoid complexity and simplify what can be simple. The registered trademarks of "Li Ning" and "Nike" are concise and to the point, that is, the simple and atmospheric "L" and "√" are unforgettable at first sight. Life is like this, so should the classroom.
So, how do we build a simple math classroom?
Judging from the teaching objectives, the teaching objectives of a math class should not be too many and the standards should not be set too high. Too much can't be achieved, too high to be achieved, and can't be implemented. The teaching objectives of each math class should not be too many, but also close to the teaching materials and the center.
Judging from the teaching content, it is not appropriate to impart too many knowledge points in a class, so that students can master it easily. Textbooks can be reorganized, but the reorganization of textbooks should be close to students' life and thinking. In the excavation of teaching materials, it is even more inappropriate to be too deep and too wide, and to effectively grasp the word "degree".
From the perspective of teaching methods, we should create around the completion of teaching objectives. The simpler the means, the better, and the stronger the operability. There is no need to pursue too many sensory stimuli, such as catching up with advanced and ultra-modern vision and hearing. Traditional teaching wall charts, small blackboards, small cards and other commonly used teaching and learning tools should fill our normal classrooms. Gorgeous rendering and lively atmosphere are not suitable for our usual classroom teaching, and can only be used as a performance medium to convey a modern message. The curriculum reform plan of "reforming normal classroom and improving teaching efficiency" that our school is constructing and implementing is the unremitting efforts to actively explore "normal classroom", "simple classroom" and "efficient classroom".
Judging from the creation of teaching situation, simple mathematics classroom should be "simple but not diminished, rich but not floating". That is to say, in our math class, we should create situations in time around the realization of teaching objectives, combine with students' real life, stimulate students' interest in learning and improve their ability to solve problems. However, the creation of teaching scenes is not so much excessive as lacking. A math class must not be built into a stage play composed of several scenes, which makes students dazzled and at a loss.
Judging from the teaching process, simple mathematics classroom should be a clear, solid, easy-to-understand and gradual process. Teachers must not confuse students, artificially causing students' thinking obstacles and ideological burdens, thus making students feel afraid of learning.
From the perspective of teaching language, in a simple math class, teachers' language should be concise, straightforward and philosophical. Teachers should not take the place of students to talk about the process of thinking, express the language of knowledge, and give the protagonist of the classroom to students, so that the classroom can become a platform for students to accept knowledge, improve their ability and cultivate their emotions. Because mathematics itself is a language, a language full of philosophy. Russell said: "Mathematics, if viewed correctly, has not only truth, but also supreme beauty. Mathematics provides an accurate, concise and universal scientific language. Mathematical language gives people a beautiful feeling because of its perfection in structure and content. This kind of beauty sometimes does not need to be described in words, but can only be felt and felt with feelings. Teachers should scientifically convey this beauty to students in class.
In short, a simple math class should be "concise, smart and harmonious". That is, the teaching goal is simple, the teaching focus is clear and accurate, the teacher's language is concise and clear, and the teaching method is just right; Teachers have rich emotions, students actively participate, and teachers and students communicate in various ways; Highlight the harmony between students and teachers, and the harmonious unity of teaching rationality and passion.
2. Doing classes to improve efficiency.
Our call for simple classroom is by no means a denial of curriculum reform, nor is it a simple circular teaching. It should be a sense of returning to nature. This pure connotation must reach a certain charm, and behind it is a complete collection, essence, profundity and wisdom.
(1) The goal should be clear.
Our teaching purpose is to improve the efficiency of classroom teaching and the realization of teaching objectives. In my opinion, the key to improving classroom teaching efficiency in simple mathematics classroom lies in the word "reality". We should not only give students a real math, but also give them a real classroom. It is not easy for a teacher to have a real math class. Besides studying teaching materials, studying students is particularly important for the conception of teaching plans.
(2) the training should be solid
In order to achieve the classroom goal to the maximum extent, the classroom must be solid and efficient. The selection of exercises should be targeted and purposeful, the evaluation should be timely and reasonable, and the complicated and difficult training should be abandoned. The older generation of special-grade teachers is a model of pursuing simple and efficient teaching. Such as "Teaching Method", "Mathematics Living" by Liu, "Four Directions Teaching Method" by Qu Yukang, and "Large Capacity and High Efficiency" thinking training by Sun are all effective references for our classroom teaching which advocates the simple road today.
A young teacher said with emotion after listening to the special-grade teacher's class that it is very easy for the special-grade teacher to have a class with a piece of chalk and a mouth, and we will also take this class. As we all know, a class of a special-grade teacher includes his years of cultural accumulation and teaching skills. The design of his teaching process is well thought out, and an "ordinary person" can easily imitate it. The simple classroom of this special-grade teacher contains atmosphere, profundity and wisdom.
(3) evaluation should be timely
Students are the masters of the classroom, and teachers should evaluate students' learning situation in time. In particular, some generative resources such as "interruption" and mistakes made by classroom students are fleeting. Teachers should put down the shelf of "being a teacher by example" and learn more from students, their wisdom, their courage to speak and their innovative consciousness and spirit. A few days ago, when facing the "spark" of students' thinking, I heard a teacher mention "keep your point of view", "study after class" and "don't study this for the time being" more than once. Ignoring the loss of generative resources in the classroom, or prevaricating such a class as "after-school learning" is not a real class. It is the teacher who "cheats" the students' class. Teachers do their own "performances", regardless of students' feelings. Can the students who were robbed of "your views are reserved" be convinced? Can he continue to attend classes with peace of mind and actively participate in the class? Their enthusiasm and self-esteem were greatly dampened. Of course, such a class can't be counted as a quality class.
Step 3 remind people in good faith
While calling for simplicity, we should also avoid going to extremes: everything is simple, a piece of chalk, a mouth, empty preaching, boring classroom, so that teaching can return to the old road decades ago. We say that simplicity is not a fashion, not a cultural tendency, but an inevitable trend of pursuing fashion, activities and new trends in our teaching today.
At present, there is a new trend of thought of "minimalism" in society, which is design hegemonism led by designers and aesthetics fascism. The first result of this "minimalism" is to "simplify" the teacher out of the classroom first, and then the students, leaving only empty walls and tables and chairs in the classroom ... we can't go from one extreme to the other.
Today, our teaching is becoming simple, but it is not simple. Half a century of extreme left and extreme right, simple or complex, have embarrassed us. Just like a thin child, we tried to give him all kinds of tonics and remedies to strengthen his nutrition, but forgot the simplest thing-give him a meal!
Our math class should be simple and efficient, and we call for a smart and real math class.
Let's join hands to create a simple teaching classroom!