Bergson is not only gifted in mathematics, but also has excellent understanding in linguistics. When he hears vivid words, he will have a pleasant buzz. After graduating from high school, he hesitated Is it a senior technical school for scientific research? Or is it a higher normal school that studies literature and scientific research? Finally, he decided to study liberal arts, so 1878 was admitted to Paris Normal University. During his school days, he still maintained a keen interest in mathematics. He studied mathematics and natural sciences, read the works of the positivist philosopher Spencer, and became a disciple of Spencer. He believes in mechanical materialism. His classmates nicknamed him an atheist. On one occasion, the librarian in his class didn't arrange the books on the shelf. The teacher scolded: "What a mess! Will the soul of your librarian rest in peace? " As soon as the voice fell, the students shouted in unison: "Bergson has no soul!" " "Three years later, when he graduated, Bergson obtained a master's degree in literature and a qualified teacher qualification certificate in philosophy.
After graduating from college, Bergson worked as a teacher in several middle schools. At the same time, he took the opportunity to be a temporary lecturer in the university. During his tenure as a middle school teacher, he carefully studied the philosophical work Nature by Lucretius, an ancient Roman philosopher. After the publication of the research results, it has played an important role in stimulating young people's interest in learning classical literature. On the basis of in-depth philosophical research, he wrote his first philosophical work, Direct Materials of Consciousness (when translated into English 20 years later, the title was changed to Time and Free Will), and submitted it to the University of Paris for examination on 1889, and obtained a doctorate in literature.
From 65438 to 0898, 39-year-old Bergson returned to his alma mater, Paris Higher Normal School, as a lecturer. 1900 Bergson was appointed as a professor at the French Academy. The French Academy is the highest institution with a long history, directly under the Ministry of Education, and disseminates knowledge in the form of free lectures. There are three departments of philosophy, science, literature and history, and dozens of lectures. Bergson has been a lecturer in ancient Greek philosophy and modern philosophy for 20 years. His speech was a great success. He has profound thoughts, beautiful words, strong arguments and elegant posture. His speech firmly attracted the audience, deeply touched their hearts, fascinated them and admired them. When he gives a lecture, people often come and wait two or three hours before the lecture. The lecturers include professors, college students, clergy, government officials, military officers, social women, French and foreigners. Not only the class was packed, but also the doors, windows, aisles and platforms were crowded with people. When Bergson made a speech, the audience became silent, just like praying in church. After the speech, the audience applauded warmly. 192 1 year, Bergson is 62 years old and retired.
While teaching at the Paris Teachers College, Bergson was selected as the most prestigious academic institution in China-Bachelor of Ethics and Political Science from the National Academy of Sciences, and Bachelor of French Academy, the head of the National Academy of Sciences.
Bergson attended the first, second and fourth international philosophical congresses on 1900, 1904 and191respectively.
1908, Bergson went to London and met James, a famous American pragmatic philosopher who gave lectures in Britain. At the first interview, James was impressed by Bergson's intelligence. James added an introduction to Bergson's philosophy to his speech. After James returned to China, he encouraged and helped his friends to translate Bergson's book The Theory of Creation and Evolution, and planned to make his own preface. 19 1 1 year, James' important work Pragmatism was translated into French, and Bergson wrote a long preface entitled Truth and Reality in memory of his friend James who died last year (19 10).
In the first 20 years of the early 20th century, Bergson gave lectures in Britain and America many times.
Bergson suffered from rheumatism in his later years and stayed at home, but he still studied hard and wrote endlessly. At the age of 69 1928 was awarded to Nobel Prize in Literature. The bonus was sent to Bergson's apartment by French government officials, and his wife came forward to collect it. 1939 When World War II broke out, Hitler invaded the West, and it was in full swing. 1captured Paris in June, 940. Bergson, who is seriously ill, is particularly sad and painful because of the broken mountains and rivers. The condition suddenly deteriorated and he died on 1 4/month 194 1.
Bergson wrote a lot of philosophical works in his long academic career of more than 60 years. In addition to the early doctoral thesis, the important ones are Matter and Memory (1896), Introduction to Metaphysics (1903), Evolution of Creation (1907) and Two Sources of Morality and Religion (1933). Through these works, Bergson established an anti-rationalist idealism philosophy system with praising life, advocating intuition and belittling matter and reason as the central content. Although there are reasonable thoughts in his philosophy, as far as its dominant tendency is concerned, it runs counter to the spirit of modern science and materialism.