The method of solving the chartering problem by mathematics in the second volume of Grade Four is as follows:
1, first divided by the largest number (the number of large ships) mainly depends on the remainder. Suppose a * * *, 32 people, a boat 24 yuan, a ship 30 yuan: 32÷6 equals 5 ...............................................................................................................................?
2. As mentioned above, that is five big ships and one small boat: 30×5+24 times 174 yuan. Vacant seats will save money: two people in a small boat and six people in a big boat can also save money by arranging them into two small boats: four big boats: 30×4 equals 120 yuan, and two small boats: 24×2 equals 120+48 equals 160 yuan in 48 yuan.
The significance of chartering;
Charter problem is a mathematical optimization problem in research life. In life, we often encounter problems such as maximizing profits, saving materials, achieving the highest efficiency, minimizing expenses, shortest routes, and maximizing volume. These problems are usually called optimization problems. For the above problems, some textbooks before grade four have already covered them, while others have not.
These problems are all related to mathematical optimization! Charter problem is a typical example of optimization problem in mathematics. Solving the optimization problem is a process of discovery and exploration. Students should feel the problem personally, find the solution strategy, realize the process of re-creation and experience the mathematical value.
In this process, students have different opinions and choose different schemes. Cooperative discussion, mutual evaluation, knowledge acquisition and diversity of group algorithm can improve students' ability to choose the best strategy.