1806 In August, Gauss's eldest son was born. The birth of a child added joy to this small family. Gauss named the child Joseph to commemorate his successful collaboration with astronomer Joseph Piazi on Ceres. The following year, Gauss took his wife and children to work in G? ttingen. 1On February 29th, 808, Joanna gave birth to a daughter for Gauss, who was very cute and deeply loved by Gauss.
The happy family life made Gauss feel very satisfied. He wrote to Bao Ye, saying, "In my home in Xiaotian, happy times keep bringing me joy. For example, a daughter has a new tooth, or a son has learned a word, which is as exciting as discovering a new star and deducing a new theorem. "
However, the happy time is short. 1In September, 809, johanna fell ill shortly after giving birth to the third child Ludwig for Gauss. 10 died in June 1 1 in the evening because he didn't get good treatment and rest. Before his wife died, Gauss concentrated on this problem. When people told him that his wife was dying, he said, "Let her wait a little longer." Later, people called him again and he said, "I'll finish it right away." Although Gauss loves his wife very much, scientific research occupies a more important position for him. Shortly after johanna's death, Ludwig also died of illness. The heavy blow of losing his wife and children made Gauss extremely sad. In order to raise a young child, Goss got married again the next year. The bride is johanna's good friend Mina. Mina is the youngest daughter of Waldeck, a law professor at the University of G? ttingen. She is younger than Gauss 1 1 year. Mina is an overly sensitive and excitable woman, and her personality is not as gentle and considerate as johanna's. Because of different personalities after marriage, life is occasionally not harmonious enough. But Mina is full of maternal love for johanna's two children.
Mina gave birth to three children for Gauss: son Eugen, born on July 29th of 18 1 1; Son William, born on 18 131October 23rd; Daughter Therese, 1865438+ was born on June 9, 2006. Mina later died of tuberculosis on September 913 12.
Among Gauss's six daughters, Jurgen and Therese are worth mentioning. Eugen inherited his father's advantages and showed talent in language and mathematics when he was a child. But Gauss sent him to study law at the University of G? ttingen. Eugene didn't want to read books he didn't like, and strongly opposed the pressure from his father. 1In the autumn of 830, Eugen went to America alone. After struggle, he finally became the president of the National Bank of America. Teresa is Gauss's youngest daughter. She resembles her mother Mina in appearance and personality. When my mother died. She is only 15 years old, but she has provoked all the housework burdens. She loves her father Goss very much. In his later years, Gauss was always with him, giving her youth to take care of her elderly father. Therese became a great spiritual support for the elderly Gauss.
One touching thing in Gauss's life is his sincere friendship with the French mathematician Sophia germain (1776- 183 1).
Sophia is the daughter of a wealthy businessman in Paris. She loved science, especially mathematics, since she was a child. At that time, the Paris Institute of Technology refused to accept girls, so Sophia had to rely on her father's relationship and borrow her students' notes to study. Through unremitting efforts, she made outstanding achievements in acoustics, elastic mathematics theory and number theory, and became the first outstanding female mathematician in the history of modern mathematics.
After the publication of Gauss's arithmetic research, she was deeply impressed by the author's genius. She decided to write to Gauss and report her research results in this field. Worried about the prejudice against female scientists at that time, she changed her male pen name to LeBron. After reading Sophia's letter, Gauss attached great importance to these achievements, and from then on, they communicated frequently. After Napoleon occupied Hanover, Sophia pleaded with the French general through relations and asked him to pay attention to protecting Gauss. Gauss knew that LeBron was a woman. He thanked Sophia for her concern and wrote to her, saying, "How can I describe my admiration to you when I know that the respected Mr. LeBron turned out to be the pen name of the noble Sophia germain? I can't believe the shining example you provided. Generally, few people like abstract science, especially the mystery of integers. ..... because of gender, you will inevitably encounter more difficulties than men to engage in this thorny research, and overcome various obstacles and go deep into the core part. Therefore, you undoubtedly have valuable courage, extraordinary talent and extraordinary talent. " 2862
He happily signed the date on the letter: Brunswick,1April 30th, 807-my birthday.
As a woman, Sophia doesn't have any degree or scientific position in France. It was only in 18 16 that she won the prize of "Theory of Elastic Mathematics" from French Academy of Sciences. Gauss admires Sophia very much. He recommended her to the University of G? ttingen many times. Finally, the University of G? ttingen decided to award Sophia an honorary doctorate. Regrettably, the degree has never been awarded, and Sophia died suddenly in Paris. At this point, Gauss and Sophia did not meet in the end.
Gauss lived a very frugal life, even when he was very famous, he still lived a frugal life. When talking about his life, a friend of Gauss said, "A small study, a table with a green tablecloth, a white desk and a narrow sofa. After the age of 70, an easy chair, an oil lamp with a range hood, a bedroom without a stove, simple food, a long smock and a velvet hat are all needed by Gauss. "
Gauss likes reading literary works and the original works. He makes some informal comments from time to time, which is quite interesting to read today. In his later years, Gauss cherished precious time, rarely attended banquets, basically declined all social activities, tried not to show up in public places, and spent most of his time in his study. Walking is one of his activities. Every day, he always walks from the observatory to the book museum. In the museum, spend an hour reading newspapers and looking for interesting content.
Since 1854, Gauss's body has been weakening day by day. But he still insisted on attending some important meetings. In June, he attended the student Riemann's paper presentation, and on July 30th, he attended the opening ceremony of Gottingen Railway. During the period of 1855, that is, the last period of Gauss's life, he suffered from heart disease and asthma, and his whole body was swollen, making it very difficult to move, but he still stubbornly persisted in his work. Finally, his beautiful, straight pen began to tremble, and he had to put it down. 1February 23, 855, in the early morning 1: 05, Gauss lay in an armchair and died peacefully.
After the bad news of Gauss's death came out, relatives and friends immediately came to pay tribute to the remains and felt sorry for the loss of such a great mathematician. On 26th, Gauss was buried in the cemetery of Albany parish in G? ttingen.
This year, the King of Germany ordered the casting of Gauss commemorative coins. The front of the commemorative coin is a Gaussian relief head, and the back is the word "King of Mathematics". In order to commemorate Gauss' making a regular 17 polygon with rulers and compasses in his early years, to solve the mathematical problems that countless mathematicians have been trying to solve for more than 2,000 years, and to satisfy Gauss' wishes before his death, the University of G? ttingen built a memorial bronze statue for Gauss on campus based on the 17 polygon.
After Gauss died, busts and memorial towers of Gauss were built in places where he worked and lived, such as Brunswick, Berlin and hildesheim, in memory of this great mathematician.
1955, that is, the 0/00th anniversary of gauss's death, more than 20 countries, including Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Britain, the United States, France, the Soviet Union and Japan, held a grand commemorative meeting to commemorate gauss's contributions in mathematics, astronomy and physics.
Although Gauss died more than 100 years ago, his anecdotes and contributions to mankind have been handed down from generation to generation and become an example for people to learn.