1. Su's story: Professor Su, a famous mathematician in China, went to France for an academic visit, and a mathematician accompanying him gave Professor Su several topics on the tram. French mathematician: Hello, Professor Su! May I ask you a question? Sue: Sure, go ahead! Fa: It's about the itinerary. Specifically, there is a distance of 50 kilometers between A and B .. A is at A, and B is at B, and they set out at the same time and walked in opposite directions. A walks 3km per hour and B walks 2km per hour, so how many hours can they meet? Sue: There are two kinds of travel problems in life, meeting and catching up. You asked a typical chance encounter question. It can be solved well by listing one-dimensional linear equations. You see: solution? Suppose Party A and Party B meet for x hours. 3x+2x=50？ 5x = 50x = 10 Answer: They can meet in 10 hours. Fa: It's really simple after listening to you. The French mathematician didn't expect the China people to answer his question so quickly. Then I asked another question. Method: A puppy runs 5 kilometers per hour. It starts from A, meets B, just visible and runs to A, meets A, just visible and runs to B. How many kilometers did the dog run when A and B met? Sue: Obviously, the puppy runs back and forth until A and B meet, so the time when the puppy runs is the time when A and B meet, and the problem is solved. Solution? Judging from the above questions, they met after 10 hour, so the dog ran 10 hour, and * * * ran 5× 10 = 50 (km). A: The puppy ran 50 kilometers when A and B met. Professor Su, you are really something. China people are really smart. ? 2. Euler for the sheepfold: Euler is a famous mathematician in the history of mathematics. When he was a child, he was not liked by teachers at all, but he was a very clever boy. One day, when he got home and had nothing to do, he helped his father herd sheep. He read a book while herding sheep. Dad's flock increased gradually, reaching 100. The original sheepfold was a little small, so my father decided to build a new sheepfold. He measured a rectangular piece of land with a ruler, 40 meters long and 15 meters wide. He calculated that the area is exactly 600 square meters, with an average of 6 square meters per sheep. When he was ready to start construction, he found that his materials were only enough for the fence of 100 meters, which was not enough at all. If you want to enclose a sheepfold with a length of 40m and a width of 15m, its circumference is110m (15+15+40+40 =1/kloc-0). If we want to build it according to the original plan, my father feels very embarrassed. If the area is reduced, the area of each sheep is less than 6 square meters. Little Euler told his father that there was no need to shrink the sheepfold and not to worry that the territory of each sheep would be smaller than originally planned. He has an idea. Father didn't believe that little Euler would have a way, so he ignored him. Little Euler was in a hurry and said loudly, only moving a little stake in the sheepfold. Father shook his head and thought, "How can there be such a cheap thing in the world?" However, little Euler insisted that he would be able to kill two birds with one stone. The father finally agreed to let his son try. Little Euler saw his father agree, stood up and ran to the sheepfold to get ready to start work. He shortened the original side length of 40 meters to 25 meters centered on the stake. The father was anxious and said, "How can that be done? Then how to do it? This sheepfold is too small, too small. " Little Euler didn't answer, so he ran to the other side and extended the original side length of15m, and increased it by10m to 25m. In this way, the original planned sheepfold has become a square with a side length of 25 meters. Then, little Euler confidently said to his father, "Now, the fence is enough and the area is enough." Father built a fence according to the sheepfold designed by little Euler. 100 meter fence is really enough, no more, no less, all used up. The area is enough, a little bigger. Father felt very happy. Children are smarter than themselves, they really use their brains, and they will definitely have a bright future. Father thinks it's a pity to let such a clever child herd sheep. Later, he tried to let little Euler know the great mathematician Bernoulli. On the recommendation of mathematicians, little Euler became a college student in university of basel on 1720. This year, little Euler 13 was the youngest student in this university. ? 3. Gauss's ingenious calculation: Gauss is a famous German scientist. His most famous story is that when he was 10, the primary school teacher gave an arithmetic problem: calculation 1+2+3+...+ 100 =? ? This stumbles the children who have just learned mathematics. They added up the figures one by one according to the requirements of the topic. But at this moment, there came Gauss's voice: "Teacher, I have calculated it!" " " ? The teacher was very surprised. Gauss explanation: because1+100 =10, 2+99 =10/kloc-0, 3+98 =10/kloc-.

One-dimensional linear equation

-The origin of the equation

/kloc-in the 6th century, with the appearance of various mathematical symbols, especially the French mathematician Vedachuang.

After the system symbols of unknown quantity and known quantity are established, the "unknown quantity equation"

This special concept appeared when it was called "aequatio" in Latin and "equation" in English.

/kloc-Around the 0/7th century, European algebra was first introduced to China, and then "equality" was translated into "equality".

Because the influence of ancient China culture was still very strong at that time, modern western science and culture failed to be timely.

It is widely circulated in China and has a great influence, so "algebra" together with "equation" and so on.

Some subjects or concepts are only studied and studied by very few people.

/kloc-In the middle of 0/9th century, western modern mathematics was introduced to China again. 1859, and British plum.

Alexander Wylie, a missionary, translated the English mathematician De Morgan into Levi.

These two people attach great importance to the correct translation of mathematical terms. They borrowed or created nearly 400 numbers.

Many Chinese translation learning nouns are still in use. Among them, the translation of "equation" is borrowing.

China used the word "equation" in ancient times. In this way, the word "equation" has the meaning of "including the unknown" for the first time.

The equation of numbers.

1873, another western science disseminator in modern China communicated with Britain.

Pastor Lan Yahe translated Wallis in England, but they translated "equation" into "equation".

Type ",they mean, to distinguish between" equation "and" equation ",equation or meaning, equation refers to" unknown equation ".

It has been widely used for a long time. Until 1934, chinese mathematical society made the first trial of nouns.

Check and make sure that "Equation" and "Equation" have the same meaning. Broadly speaking, they mean one yuan n times.

Equation and the system of equations established by several equations. In a narrow sense, it refers to an N-degree unary equation.

Since "Equation" and "Equation" are synonyms, then "Equation" is more concise and clear.

(This article is taken from the Story of the Birth of Mathematics by Jiuzhang Publishing House.)