Primary school mathematics is an important subject in compulsory education. It is of great significance to lay a good foundation for students in mathematics, develop their thinking ability, cultivate their innovative consciousness, practical ability and interest in learning mathematics, and develop good study habits for implementing the educational policy of all-round development of morality, intelligence and physique, cultivating citizens with ideals, morality, culture and discipline, and improving the quality of the whole nation.
Second, the teaching purpose and requirements
Academic goal
(1) enables students to understand and master the most basic knowledge of quantitative relations and geometric figures.
(2) Make students have the ability to calculate integers, decimals and fractions, cultivate their initial thinking ability and spatial concept, and explore and solve simple practical problems.
(3) Make students interested in learning mathematics, establish confidence in learning mathematics well, and accept ideological and moral education. Teaching requirements
Enable students to acquire basic knowledge of integers, decimals, fractions, percentages and proportions; Some common quantitative relations and methods to solve application problems; Some basic knowledge about using letters to represent numbers and simple equations, quantities and measurements, simple geometric figures and statistics.
Enable students to correctly perform the four operations of integers, decimals and fractions, and achieve a certain degree of proficiency in some basic calculations, and gradually make the calculation method reasonable and flexible. Have estimation consciousness and preliminary estimation ability.
Combining with the teaching of related content, guide students to observe, operate and guess, train students to make preliminary analysis, synthesis, comparison, abstraction and generalization, judge and reason simple problems, and gradually learn to think systematically and according to facts; At the same time, pay attention to the agility and flexibility of thinking.
Students can gradually form the representation of the shape, size and mutual position of simple geometric shapes, identify the geometric shapes they have learned, reproduce their representations according to their names, and cultivate a preliminary concept of space.
Cultivate students' interest and consciousness in observing and understanding the quantitative relationship and physical characteristics of things around them, so that students can feel the close connection between mathematics and real life. Through observation, operation and guessing, students' exploration consciousness is cultivated, and they can initially learn to use the mathematical knowledge and methods they have learned to solve some simple practical problems.