Data expansion:

Cubic root, also known as cube root. If the cube of a number is equal to A, then this number is called the cube root or cube root of A .. that is, x3=a, then X is called the cube root of A, which is a kind of square root.

Introduction to mathematics:

Mathematical logic focuses on putting mathematics on a solid axiomatic framework and studying the results of this framework. As far as it is concerned, it is the origin of Godel's second incomplete theorem, which is perhaps the most widely circulated achievement in logic. Modern logic is divided into recursion theory, model theory and proof theory, which are closely related to theoretical computer science.

amount

The study of quantity begins with numbers, which are familiar natural numbers and integers as well as rational numbers and irrational numbers described in arithmetic. Specifically, for the need of counting, human beings abstract natural numbers from real things, which is the starting point of all "numbers" in mathematics. Natural number does not close subtraction. For closed subtraction, we extend the number system to integers.

In order not to close division, but to close division, we extend the number system to rational numbers; For open root operation, we extend the number system to algebraic number (in fact, algebraic number is a broader concept). On the other hand, for the limit operation is not closed, we extend the number system to real numbers.

Finally, in order to prevent negative numbers from operating to even powers in the real number range, we extend the number system to complex numbers. A complex number is the smallest algebraic closed field containing real numbers. We perform four operations on any complex number, and the simplification results are all complex numbers.

Another concept related to "quantity" is the "potential" of infinite sets, which leads to cardinality and another infinite concept: Alev number, which allows meaningful comparison between the sizes of infinite sets.

A Brief History of Mathematics in China

Mathematics, called arithmetic in ancient times, is an important subject in ancient Chinese science. According to the characteristics of the development of ancient mathematics in China, it can be divided into five periods: the germination period; The formation of the system; Development; Prosperity and the integration of Chinese and western mathematics.