Briefly describe what aspects of logistics management includes, and what contents does logistics management mainly include? 1. Logistics operation management
Logistics operation management refers to the management of logistics activities or functional elements, mainly including transportation and distribution management, warehousing and material management, packaging management, handling management, distribution processing management, logistics information management and so on.
2. Logistics strategic management
Logistics strategic management is the overall management of enterprise logistics activities, and it is a series of management decisions and actions for enterprises to formulate, implement, control and evaluate logistics strategies. Its core problem is to adapt the logistics activities of enterprises to the environment, so as to realize the long-term sustainable development of logistics.
3. Logistics cost management
Logistics cost management refers to all the management work related to logistics cost, that is, the planning, organization, command, supervision and adjustment of logistics cost. ? The main contents of logistics cost management include logistics cost accounting, logistics cost forecasting, logistics cost planning, logistics cost decision-making, logistics cost analysis and logistics cost control.
4. Logistics service management
The so-called logistics service refers to all the activities carried out by logistics enterprises or their logistics departments to meet the requirements of customers, effectively complete the supply of goods and reduce the logistics workload of customers, from the beginning of processing customer orders to the delivery of goods to customers.
5. Logistics Organization and Human Resource Management
Logistics organization refers to organizations that specialize in logistics management activities, including logistics management and operation departments within enterprises, logistics alliance organizations among enterprises, departments and enterprises engaged in logistics and its intermediary services, and logistics management institutions.
6. Supply chain management
Supply chain management is the whole management process of designing, planning, controlling and optimizing the logistics, information flow and capital flow in the supply chain from a systematic perspective, in order to seek to establish a strategic partnership among suppliers, manufacturers and customers, minimize internal friction and waste, optimize the overall efficiency of the supply chain, and ensure that supply chain members obtain corresponding performance and benefits to meet customer needs.
What are the specific aspects of logistics management? Logistics management major
Business development goals:
(1) Business scope
Graduates are adapted to engage in logistics management and logistics-related railway, aviation, port, warehousing and other management and technical work in economic management departments and industrial and commercial enterprises at all levels.
(2) The knowledge, ability and quality structure that graduates should possess.
Students in this major mainly study basic theories and professional knowledge in economy, accounting, trade, management, law, information resource management and computer, and have certain system development and design capabilities. Graduates should have the following knowledge and abilities:
1, knowledge structure
(1) Understand and master Marxist philosophy, political economy, * * * thought and * * * theory.
(2) Master the basic theory and knowledge of logistics management.
(3) Understand the latest development of logistics management.
2. Ability and quality structure
(1) operational capability of logistics management application;
(2) Have the basic ability of logistics information organization, analysis and research, dissemination, development and utilization;
(3) Be able to analyze, design and plan the logistics system, and have the basic ability of logistics management.
Main courses: management principles, introduction to logistics, purchasing theory and strategy, transportation and packaging, international marketing, distribution center operation and management, supply chain management, logistics financial cost management, logistics enterprise management, e-commerce, logistics planning and design, and warehousing management.
Length of study: four years. Degree awarded: Bachelor of Management.
Similar majors: business administration, marketing, accounting, financial management, human resource management, tourism management, commodity audit, e-commerce logistics management, international business tour guide, accounting computerization, automobile marketing.
What does logistics management include? The content of logistics management includes three aspects: the management of various elements of logistics activities, including transportation and storage; The management of each element of the logistics system, that is, the management of six elements such as people, money, goods, equipment, law and information; The management of specific functions in logistics activities mainly includes logistics plan management, quality management, technical management and economic management.
Logistics management science is a new discipline that has emerged abroad in the last decade or two, and it is a new important branch of management science. With the improvement of production technology and management technology, the competition among enterprises is becoming increasingly fierce. People gradually find that the competition among enterprises to reduce production costs seems to have come to an end, and product quality is just a stepping stone for an enterprise to enter the market and participate in the competition. At this time, the focus of competition began to shift from the production field to the non-production field, and turned to the scattered and isolated fields that were neglected as auxiliary links in the past, such as transportation, warehousing, packaging, loading and unloading, distribution and processing. People began to study how to reduce logistics costs, improve service quality and create "the third profit source" in these areas. Since then, logistics management has been separated from the traditional production and sales activities of enterprises and has become an independent research field and subject scope. The birth of logistics management science makes the logistics system hidden in economic activities appear. It reveals the internal relations of all links in logistics activities, and its development and perfection is the magic weapon for modern enterprises to win in market competition.
Does trade include logistics management? Trade is divided into international trade and domestic trade; Trade and logistics management are not the same concept, and there is no problem of inclusion or exclusion. They are related.
Logistics management and engineering includes logistics enterprises, logistics management departments of industrial and commercial enterprises, logistics administrative departments at all levels, transportation enterprises and institutions, logistics system planning and design departments, business and circulation management departments, logistics device R&D and sales enterprises, research institutes and universities. You can also apply for graduate students in logistics management and engineering, management science and engineering, industrial engineering or other economic management.
Logistics engineering studies the planning and design of logistics system, the optimal allocation of resources, the planning and control of logistics operation process and the logistics management of enterprises.
The master's degree course in this engineering field is to train senior talents who can master advanced technologies and methods such as logistics facilities application, system planning, design and evaluation, logistics operation management, etc. for * * * administrative departments, logistics enterprises, production enterprises or other enterprises, and have the ability to independently undertake logistics technology and operation management.
Logistics engineering is an interdisciplinary subject of management and technology, which is closely related to transportation engineering, management science and engineering, industrial engineering, computer technology, mechanical engineering, environmental engineering, architectural and civil engineering and other fields. The main courses of this major are: political theory courses (scientific socialism theory, dialectics of nature), foreign languages, advanced engineering mathematics (numerical calculation, probability theory and mathematical statistics, operational research, statistics, etc. ), computer application, introduction to management, engineering economics, transportation engineering, planning theory, planning and scheduling technology, logistics facilities planning and design, modern logistics and supply chain management, logistics equipment and facilities technology, logistics.
Logistics engineering is an engineering field that takes logistics system as the research object and studies the resource allocation, control, operation and management in the process of logistics operation. Logistics engineering belongs to the category of logistics management and engineering in management discipline. Logistics engineering can be awarded a bachelor's degree in management or engineering.
Note: Logistics engineering is also one of the professional masters offered by the state, which belongs to the master's degree program.
What aspects does the university logistics management major include? University logistics management majors include: management principles, introduction to logistics, purchasing theory and strategy, transportation and packaging, international marketing, distribution center operation and management, supply chain management, logistics financial cost management, logistics enterprise management, e-commerce, logistics planning and design, and warehousing management.
Logistics management refers to the planning, organization, command, coordination, control and supervision of logistics activities in the process of social reproduction according to the law of material entity flow, so as to achieve the best coordination and cooperation of various logistics activities, thereby reducing logistics costs and improving logistics efficiency and economic benefits. Modern logistics management is based on system theory, information theory and cybernetics.
Modern logistics management is a professional course offered by colleges and universities. In order to meet the needs of the socialist market economy, logistics management majors should cultivate students with solid basic knowledge of management, economics and information technology, high English level and basic computer skills, be familiar with laws and regulations, master modern logistics management theories, means and methods, have strong practical operation ability in logistics management, planning and design, and become high-level modern logistics management talents. Students in this major mainly study basic theories and professional knowledge in economics, accounting, trade, management, law, information resource management, computer and so on. To cultivate logistics management talents who have certain logistics planning and design, logistics management and logistics operation capabilities and can engage in policy formulation and logistics operation management in economic management departments, trading companies and logistics enterprises.
Training objectives
Students in this major mainly study basic theories and professional knowledge in economics, accounting, trade, management, law, information resource management, computer and so on. To cultivate logistics management talents with certain abilities in logistics planning and design, logistics management and logistics operation. Personnel who can engage in policy formulation and logistics operation management in economic management departments, trading companies and logistics enterprises.
Knowledge and ability
1. Master the basic theory of logistics management;
2. Be able to operate logistics management applications;
3. Have the basic ability of logistics information organization, analysis and research, dissemination, development and utilization;
4. Be able to analyze, design and plan logistics systems and have basic logistics management capabilities;
5. Understand the latest development of logistics management;
6. Strong comprehensive application ability of foreign languages.
Occupational characteristics
One of the most important characteristics of logistics management major is operability. Logistics management belongs to the category of operation management, and its operation process is flexible and the degree of standardization is relatively low. Therefore, it is very important for logistics managers to understand and be familiar with these operational processes. Only by being familiar with these operational procedures can we carry out effective management and improve efficiency through management. Therefore, the graduates majoring in logistics management still have a long re-learning process when they are engaged in the specific work of logistics management. Another most important feature of logistics management major is to have systematic thinking. Most logistics business involves many links, such as inventory management, goods acceptance, warehousing, location management, delivery, distribution and so on. If procurement and distribution are included, there will be more links. As long as one link is not done well, the whole logistics business will be affected and the cost efficiency will not be guaranteed. Therefore, it is very important to systematically consider each link and balance the working methods of each link. The most important third characteristic of logistics management major is to have the concept of resource integration. A very important means to reduce logistics cost is resource integration, and a very obvious example in this respect is to reduce the idle rate of vehicles through integration. The concept of resource integration can also be said to be an extension of systematic thinking. The fourth most important feature of logistics management major is to have the concept of network. The development of modern logistics is characterized by the construction of logistics network. The formation of logistics network plays a substantial role in improving logistics efficiency and integrating logistics resources, and is also a magic weapon for logistics enterprises to compete. The fifth important feature of logistics management specialty is that it is good at applying modern information technology. In fact, the development of modern logistics is inseparable from information technology. Without the rapid development and commercial application of modern information technology, there can be no modern logistics. The above are some basic views on the characteristics of logistics management. From the perspective of manufacturing and business, the most basic function of logistics management should be to support product marketing and commodity trading, so that goods can be delivered to customers in time. Therefore, the logistics department of manufacturing and commercial enterprises can not be regarded as the cost center or the main aspect of reducing costs, but as a powerful weapon to support marketing and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises.
main course
Introduction to logistics, logistics planning and design, procurement and supply management, procurement project management, transportation management, warehousing management, distribution management, international logistics, international trade theory and practice, procurement process drills, transportation practice, warehousing management practice, logistics distribution center design, international logistics practice, success, innovation, quality development training, etc.
Basic subject
The logistics management of industrial and commercial enterprises can reduce the logistics cost through the rationalization and high efficiency of logistics activities, thus contributing to the profit growth of enterprises.
Logistics management of logistics enterprises
As a provider of socialized logistics services, how to develop agent logistics business with the logistics demand of enterprises as the market?
* * * Logistics management issues.
Planning and Construction of Logistics Infrastructure
How to create a macro environment for the development of modern logistics
How to cultivate and develop the logistics market and how to solve the contradiction between logistics and environment and urban development by reorganizing logistics resources.
Professional analysis
1. Macro perspective. This is mainly from the perspective of national policy. The logistics industry beat the real estate industry and became one of the national 10 major industrial revitalization plans. It can be seen that the development of the logistics industry has risen to the policy level. This not only reflects the importance of logistics industry in social development, but also reflects the gap between China's logistics industry and developed countries, which requires macro-policy support.
2. In terms of industry. In reality, most people think that logistics is transportation or storage, which is a wrong concept. Of course, it is wrong to put logistics = express delivery. However, it also reflects that the development of logistics industry is lagging behind and not standardized, and only stays in the primary stage of industry development. Therefore, choosing this line needs to be prepared for hardship. Of course, any industry is the same. However, we should also see the positive side. For example, it is precisely because of backward development and irregular development that there is room for improvement and progress. Of course, more logistics enterprises in China have developed through exploration, such as Haier Logistics, Midea Logistics, Baogong Logistics and so on.
3. It is self-evident. 360 lines, each line is the best. There is no shortage of talents in any industry, so the key is to learn this major by yourself. Keep a good attitude, master the knowledge that needs to be learned in this major thoroughly, strive for perfection, and believe that the future is infinitely bright.
operation flow
1, order processing operation
The transaction of the logistics center starts with the customer's consultation and the report of the business department, and then takes orders. The business department inquires about the inventory status, loading and unloading quantity, distribution processing quantity, packaging quantity and distribution quantity on the delivery date and replies to the customer. When the order cannot be delivered according to the customer's requirements, the business department will coordinate.
Because logistics centers generally do not collect money with the goods, but settle accounts after a period of time, while processing order data, business personnel will still check whether the customer's credit limit has been exceeded according to the company's credit status. In addition, in a specific period of time, the business personnel still count the number of orders in that period of time, and adjust the goods, allocate delivery procedures and quantities. The processing of returned data should also be carried out at this stage. In addition, the business department also formulated the calculation method of the report, managed the historical data of the report, and set the minimum order quantity, order method or deadline of the order.
2. Procurement business
After accepting the transaction order, the logistics center must order goods from suppliers or manufacturers due to the supply requirements. The content of purchasing operation includes obtaining statistical data from the quantity of goods, inquiring about the transaction situation of suppliers, and then putting forward purchase orders according to the quantity we set and the economic order batch provided by suppliers. After the purchase order is issued, follow up the purchase.
3. Purchase and warehousing operation.
After the purchase order is issued, while the purchaser is tracking and urging the purchase, the purchase manager can schedule the warehousing operation and the warehousing platform according to the scheduled warehousing date on the purchase order, and then check the warehousing data and warehousing quality inspection when the goods are warehousing on that day to check whether the purchase is consistent with the contents of the purchase order, and make appropriate corrections or treatments when the items or quantities are inconsistent, and record the warehousing data in the file. The warehouse administrator can specify unloading and pallet stacking in some way. For the goods returned by customers, they are also put into storage after the return inspection and classification.
Generally speaking, there are two modes of operation: warehousing and palletizing. One is to put the goods in storage on the shelves, wait for delivery, and then deliver them when necessary. When goods are put into storage, computers or managers will specify the storage location according to the principles of warehouse area planning and management or the life cycle of goods, or log in the storage location after goods are put into storage, so as to facilitate future inventory management or shipment inquiry. The other way is direct delivery, when the manager sends the goods to the designated delivery terminal or temporary storage place according to the delivery requirements. In the process of warehousing and handling, managers choose handling tools, dispatch personnel and arrange the work schedule of tools and personnel.
4. Inventory management operations
Inventory management includes warehouse area management and inventory quantity control. The management of the warehouse area includes the layout, area and regional distribution of goods in the warehouse area; The control of goods in and out of the warehouse follows: first in first out or last in first out; The formulation of import and export methods includes: the handling tools and methods used for goods; Adjustment and change of storage location in storage area. For the control of inventory quantity, the purchase quantity and time are determined according to the outbound quantity and warehousing time of general goods, and the purchase time early warning system is established. Make inventory method, print inventory list for a certain period, check inventory quantity according to inventory list, correct inventory account book and make inventory loss report. The management of warehouse area includes the use and maintenance of containers.
5. Replenishment and delivery operations
From the statistics of customer order data, we can know the real demand of goods. On the delivery day, when the inventory is sufficient to supply the delivery demand, we can print the delivery picking list and various picking instructions according to the demand, and plan the layout of the picking area, select tools and deploy personnel. Delivery picking includes not only picking operations, but also the replenishment of goods on shelves, so that picking operations can be carried out smoothly and there is no shortage, including the determination of replenishment level and replenishment time, replenishment operation scheduling and replenishment personnel deployment.
6. Distribution processing operations
Goods can be distributed in the logistics center and then sent out by the logistics center. In all the operations of the logistics center, distribution processing is the easiest to increase the added value of goods, including commodity classification, weighing, unpacking and repackaging, labeling and combined packaging. In order to achieve perfect distribution processing, it is necessary to implement the management of packaging materials and containers, the formulation of combined packaging rules, the selection of packaging tools in distribution processing, the scheduling of jobs in distribution processing and the scheduling of operators.
7. Handling of shipping operations
After the goods are picked up and delivered, they can be delivered. The main contents of shipping operations include printing shipping documents according to customer order data, making shipping plans, printing shipping batch reports, address labels required on the shipped goods and shipping lists. The dispatcher decides the distribution mode, selects the goods collection tools, dispatches the goods collection workers, and decides the size and quantity of transport vehicles. The warehouse manager or delivery manager decides the planning and layout of the delivery area and how to place the delivered goods.
8. Distribution business
The physical operation of distributing goods includes loading goods and delivering goods in real time. In order to realize these operations, it is necessary to plan the division of distribution areas or the arrangement of distribution routes in advance, determine the loading order of goods by the selection order of distribution routes, and track and control the goods and deal with emergencies in the distribution process.
9. Accounting work
After the goods are out of the warehouse, the sales department can make accounts receivable according to the shipment data and pass the bill to the accounting department as the receipt voucher. After the goods are purchased and put into storage, the receiving department will make statistics on the goods put into storage for the supplier's payment application review. The accounting department prepares various financial statements for reference in formulating business policies and management.
10, Operation Management and Performance Management
In addition to the physical operation of the logistics center mentioned above, the good operation of the logistics center should also be based on a higher level of managers to achieve the efficiency management of the logistics management process center through various assessments, and to formulate good operational decisions and policies. Operation management and performance management can be provided by employees or middle managers with various information and reports. Logistics management process includes shipment and sales statistics, customer's response report to delivery service, delivery frequency and time report, delivery error rate, warehouse shortage rate analysis, inventory loss rate report, machinery and equipment damage and maintenance report, fuel consumption analysis, hiring personnel, machinery and equipment cost analysis, return statistics report, and worker utilization rate analysis.
Does supply chain management include logistics management? Of course, supply chain management emphasizes the overall planning of a chain. Take a production enterprise as an example, from raw material suppliers to internal logistics, and finally to final consumers, this chain includes not only logistics management, but also others, such as financial cost analysis, forecasting and so on. Of course, logistics management also involves cost analysis, such as inventory management, but generally speaking, supply chain management starts from the whole chain and emphasizes the optimization of the whole chain, so the region is not necessarily optimal; Logistics management generally starts from the inside of the enterprise, and the pursuit is often the best of the enterprise. Therefore, the voice of supply chain management is not as loud as that of logistics management now, because all enterprises are proceeding from their own interests, and it is difficult to find a coordinator from the whole chain to arrange. However, supply chain management is the general trend. Nowadays, many enterprises adopt Vendor Managed Inventory (VIM), which is a way to take into account the interests of both. For example, Shenzhen Xinliya Technology should be more and more in the future.