First, the principle that the process of teachers imparting knowledge is consistent with the process of students' cognition. Although what students have learned is known by predecessors, this knowledge is still new to students. Students' learning process is a process of understanding mathematical knowledge, methods and skills, and teaching process is a process of improving students' cognitive structure, so the designed classroom teaching process conforms to students' cognitive laws.

Secondly, the principle of combining knowledge teaching with thinking training, thinking ability is the core of all kinds of mathematics ability, and paying attention to the cultivation of thinking ability is one of the fundamental differences between modern mathematics teaching and traditional mathematics teaching;

Third, the principle of combining teacher guidance with students' autonomous activities. Teaching is a bilateral activity, and both teachers and students have the task of understanding the objective world, but the purpose of teaching determines that students' cognitive activities are more important, and students are the main body of such cognitive activities.