British physicist and mathematician.

Newton was born in a farmer's family in England, on Christmas Day of the year when Galileo died under house arrest-1642 65438+February 25th. His father died before he was born. He is a sick and shy child. 166 1 year entered Trinity College of Cambridge University to study mathematics. At that time, he didn't show any superiority.

1665, the London epidemic was prevalent, and Cambridge University was closed that autumn because it was close to the epidemic center. Newton lived at home for 18 months until the university reopened.

Living in the country for 18 months was the most fruitful period of Newton's life. It can be said that during this period, all the thoughts of his academic achievements were born.

He returned to Cambridge University in the spring of 1667 and soon became a university teacher. 1669 became a professor of mathematics. While working in Cambridge, he has been developing the ideas he conceived when he lived at home. All his achievements were published in the second half of his life. The main work on mechanics, Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, was published in 1687, and the main work on optics, Optics, was published in 1704.

In the seventeenth century, the interest of universities focused on mechanics. The mechanical system was completed in this century. It was the greatest victory of physics at that time to explain the motion of celestial bodies with the observable laws of motion on the earth. Although many people played a role in this work, Newton was the decisive one. Newton gave a clear and systematic description of mechanics in the book Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy and proved his theory of universal gravitation.